Mfumu ya Perisiya Sasita ndi nthano ya nkhondo Thermopylae

Mfumu Sasita ndi chimodzi mwa zilembo wotchuka wa mbiri yakale wa anthu. Kwenikweni, zimenezi wolamulira n'kutsogolera anthu ake ku Greece mu zoyambirira za m'ma V. Iye ndiye anamenyana ndi hoplites ku Atene mu nkhondo ya mpikisano ndi Sparta mu kwambiri ambiri ankalimbikitsa lero mabuku otchuka ndi filimu Nkhondo ya Thermopylae.

Chiyambi cha Agiriki ndi Persian Nkhondo

Persia pa chiyambi cha BC V atumwi, panali mnyamata koma ndewu ndi kale mphamvu ufumu, anali nthawi kugonjetsa mitundu ingapo ya kum'mawa. Mwa zina, Mfumu Dariyo komanso anagwira ena Greek madera-ndondomeko mu Asia Minor (lerolino Turkey). Pa nthawi ya ulamuliro Persian pakati pa anthu Greek ya Perisiya loyang'aniridwa - otchedwa utsogoleri mayunitsi m'zigawozo boma Persian - amafunsa kugalukira, zionetsero lamulo latsopano anagonjetsedwa kum'mawa. Kuti kuthandiza Athens madera amenewa chimodzi cha zolakwa izi zinachititsa kuti chiyambi cha nkhondo Agiriki ndi Persian.

nkhondo ya mpikisano

Woyamba anamanga nkhondo ya Perisiya ndi makamu Greek ankafika (Atene ndi Plataeans) anali mpikisano nkhondo kunachitika mu 490 BC. Chifukwa cha talente wa onse Greek Miltiades, amene mwaluso ntchito hoplites lonse, mikondo yawo yaitali, ndipo mumbali mtunda (Agiriki mbamuikha Aperisiya ku otsetsereka pansi), Aatene anapambana, kuima nkhondo yoyamba ya Aperisiya m'dziko lawo. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti nkhondo imeneyi kumayambitsa ano masewera chilango "mpikisano," womwe ndi mtunda wa 42 Km. Ndi kwambiri yakale yoyendera mtumiki anathamanga kuchoka nkhondo danga kuti Athens kulengeza chigonjetso cha muno ndi kusiya akufa. The yokonza misa kuwukira chinalepheretsa imfa ya Dariyo. Anakwera wachifumu latsopano Persian mfumu Sasita, anapitiriza ntchito ya bambo ake.

Nkhondo ya Thermopylae ndi Sparta mazana atatu

Nkhondo yachiwiri inayamba mu 480 BC. Sasita anatsogolera gulu lankhondo lalikulu 200 zikwi. Anthu (monga akuti olemba mbiri amakono). mofulumira kwambiri, iwo unagonjetsedwa Macedonia ndi Thrace, kenako nkhondo kuchokera kumpoto Boeotia, Attica ndi Peloponnese. Ngakhale mphamvu Mgwirizano Greek mzinda sakanakhoza kupirira asilikali ambiri, anasonkhana kwa mitundu yambiri ya Perisiya. Kukomoka chiyembekezo cha Agiriki unali mwayi nkhondo danga yopapatiza imene Persian asilikali njira yake kum'mwera - Thermopylae Gorge. N'zosangalatsa kumva mdani mwayi kuno musakhale mwakuti kumanzere ikufuna kupambana. Bakuman ali kuti Persian mfumu Sasita anali pafupifupi pang'ono apa asilikali mazana atatu wovutika - ndi oona. Ndipotu nkhondoyi nawo pa 5 ndi 7 zikwi. Asilikali Greek kwa ndondomeko zosiyanasiyana, osati wovutika. Ndipo m'lifupi gorge nambala kuti anali zoposa mokwanira bwinobwino m'mbuyo mdani masiku awiri. Kulangidwa Greek phalanx ndendende Gwirani chingwe, kwenikweni wotseka magulu a Aperisiya. Palibe amene akudziwa kodi inatha nkhondo, koma Agiriki anali anaperekedwa ndi mmodzi wa anthu a kumidzi - Ephialtes. Munthu amene anasonyeza Aperisiya ndi workaround. Pamene Mfumu Leonidas anaphunzira wa kuperekedwa, adatumiza asilikali ndondomeko kuti tipezenso mphamvu magulu awo, anaima tcheru ndi kuchedwa Aperisiya ndi gulu laling'ono. Tsopano iwo kwenikweni anali osauka - pafupifupi 500 miyoyo. Komabe, chozizwa zachitika, pafupifupi zokometsera onse anaphedwa pa tsiku lomwelo.

Kuti anali ndiye

Nkhondo ya Thermopylae anali unachita ntchito imene Greek amuna zikumangidwa pa iye, koma anali chitsanzo ouziridwa a ungwazi kwa zokometsera zina za dziko. Mfumu Sasita akadali adakwanitsa kupambana apa, koma pambuyo pake linagonja: nyanja - patatha mwezi umodzi ku Salami, ndi pa dziko - mu Nkhondo ya Plataea. nkhondo Agiriki ndi Persian inapitirira kwa zaka yotsatira makumi atatu monga yaitali motero mikangano otsika Mwamphamvu chimene mwayi chikupitiriza amaganiza ndi inshuwalansi.