Karakum Ngalande: kufotokoza, mbiri ya nyumbayi, chithunzi

Kodi ngalande za? Ndi opangidwa mtsinje analenga cholinga chilichonse. Izi zikhoza kukhala ulimi wothirira m'dziko, ikuyenda redirection kapena kuchepetsa njirazo. Ena njira madzi ntchito ndi alendo monga malo a mpumulo. Apa wokongola zokongola, mpweya wabwino, ambiri a mbalame. Pali zifukwa ziwiri kulenga njira kusonyeza ka madzi kapena katundu. Monga ulamuliro, ambiri a matupi a madzi - waukulu.

kufunika yokwanira boma lake njira yotchedwa Karakum. Iye akuima mbali zingapo.

mafotokozedwe

Mu 1988, boma la Soviet Union anali achita m'Mphamvu wapadera hayidiroliki malo - ndi Karakum Ngalande. Mumayenda kutalika anali makilomita 1450, ndipo anagwirizana ndi mzake recalcitrant Mtsinje Amudaria (dzina m'dera - Dzheyhun) ndi Nyanja ya Caspian. Mu dziko palibe analogues mu Kuvuta, zochita mamangidwe ndi mavuto ntchito chifukwa zinthu monyanyira nyengo ya Karakum chipululu expanses.

Zifukwa kumanga ngalande

Kwa zaka zoposa makumi atatu (kuyambira 1954) zinachitikadi pomanga Karakum Ngalande, nthawi ya chilengedwe chake ogwirizana Stalin nyengo, Khrushchev, Brezhnev ndi anakopeka oimira mayiko 32 kuchokera m'mizinda 250 Soviet Union. Dera la dziko lalikulu ankaona kuti ndi udindo wake kutumiza katundu wapadera, zipangizo, ndi kupereka zina thandizo lofunika kuti chimphona onse ogwirizana ntchito.

Vuto la kupereka madzi zigawo louma la Turkmenistan anaima kwa nthawi yaitali. Zinali zovuta kwambiri nthawi yake. Koma atumiza madzi wopanduka, otsutsa mtsinje ndi kuziika kudzera mchenga chosefukira chipululu yekha ndi boma amphamvu ndi olemera.

yomanga

Karakumsky njira inamangidwa mu magawo angapo, omwe zikugwirizana madzi mtsinje ena m'madera. Woyamba njira nthambi ya ku Amu Darya Mtsinje mzinda wa Murghab, inamangidwa mu 1959. Zinali kutalika 400 Km. An chifukwa yofunika kwambiri yomanga gawo loyamba la madzi - amatha kulowa makope latsopano yothiriridwa dziko dera pa 1000 meters lalikulu. Km. Chigawo chotsatira anali kudutsa tawuni Tejen. Iye anali mu kutalika pafupifupi 140 Km, analola madzi kupereka 700 sq. Km ndi kukathandiza zina mahekitala 30,000 minda yothiriridwa.

Ndi Chitekimeni likulu Ashgabat, Karakum Ngalande unachitikira mu 1962. Pa nthawi imeneyi, iwo anali pafupifupi kutalika 800 Km. M'dera la dziko kumene yothiriridwa kudutsa akulowera wafika pafupifupi 3,000 mamita lalikulu. Km.

Nthawi imeneyi pomanga ngalande wakhala inaimitsidwa ndipo anayambiranso yekha mu 1971 kachiwiri. Kumathandiza anayamba kumanga ofesi ya nthambi chachinayi, amene adatenga malangizo a Ashgabat - Beriket. Pa nthawi yomweyo linamangidwa Kopetdag damu ndi mosungiramo a dzina lomweli.

Tsoka zina mwa njira

Kenako okonza Karakum Ngalande unagawidwa mbali ziwiri. ofesi ina umachokera mu kum'mwera kumadzulo dera la Turkmenistan kwa kuthetsa Atrek ndipo anafika kutalika 270 Km. Nthambi yachiwiri tinapita ku mzinda Nebit Doug. Last njira gawo chimafikira pamodzi mipope ndi amapereka madzi zakale Krasnovodsk (ano Turkmenbasy).

Kale mu nthawi ya mbiri ya makono kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma XXI, omanga palokha Turkmenistan anamangidwira malo lalikulu m'dera - Zeydskoe ndi cholinga pogamula ndi madzi powunikira.

Chifukwa cha chimphepo nthaŵi zonse anaŵerama njira, nthawi zambiri manyazi gombe, chaka chonse, ntchito yayambika ndi mabungwe wapadera opaleshoni kuti anaziika ndi chitetezo, choncho zovuta anakonza Karakum Ngalande. Mbiri ya nyumba iyi ndi chidwi.