M'dera la Iran. Population malire khalidwe Iran

Iran ndi imodzi mwa mayiko waukulu Asian. Ndi malire ndi mayiko monga Iraq, Turkey, Afghanistan, Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan ndi Armenia. Likulu ndi Tehran. Iran - kudziko amene dera kwa zaka zikwizikwi zapitazo linaikidwa pa malo oyamba a chitukuko anthu. ndi mbali yaikulu ya dziko lino chiyani?

Home Information ndiponso madera makhalidwe a Iran

Mbali yaikulu ya dziko lili pa chikweza aku Iran. Apa Plateau interspersed ndi zigwa mkulu. Kumpoto kwa dziko ndi lokwera Elbrus. Iwo ndi wosiyana ndi Chigawo chaching'ono ya Caspian otsika. Nyengo ya dziko - ndi subtropical America. Aku Iran mtsinje, monga ulamuliro, ndi osaya. Nyanja lalikulu - Urmia ndipo Hamun.

Onse a m'dera Iran ndi lagawidwa m'zigawo 27, kapena "siyani". Mizinda yayikulu kwambiri ndi Esfahan, Tabriz, Urmia, Abadan, Mashhad. Kapangidwe ka Iran mulinso zisumbu, ili mu Persian Gulf ndi Ottoman. Malo okwana Iran - miliyoni 1,65 Km ^2. boma ndi pa malo 17 ku dziko mu mawu a m'gawo. ndalama Iran ndi ndalama Rial.

chuma

A mbali yaikulu ya m'dera Iran ndi olemera mu mchere. Izi manganese, mkuwa, chromium, nthaka miyala. malonda chakudya ndi makalapeti ndi mtedza, komanso mankhwala nsomba. Anthu ambiri okhala m'dera la Iran, ndi chinkhoswe m'munda wa ulimi. Vuto lina lalikulu ndi otsika nthaka ndi kusowa madzi abwino ulimi wothirira. Pafupifupi hafu ya chonse cha anthu sali pantchito. Kwambiri ndichifukwa achinyamata.

anthu

Pa gawo la Iran ndi kunyumba kwa magulu oposa 60 mitundu. Nthawi zambiri ndi Aperisiya - amakhala kum'mwera ndi chapakati mbali ya dziko. Mu kumpoto gilaks moyo, Mazanderani anthu, Talysh. Pa malo kumadzulo - Kurds, Lurs, Bakhtiaris, a kum'mawa - Pashtuns, Baluchis, Tajiks. anthu onsewa ali ethnically ofanana ndi Aperisiya. Amadziwika kuti Iran ndi limodzi la mayiko "wamng'ono" padziko lonse. chiwerengero cha anthu amene sali zaka zoposa 15 pafupifupi 25%. Yotsatira waukulu mitundu gulu - Azerbaijanis. Malinga ndi ziwerengero zosiyanasiyana, kuchuluka kwawo ndi 20% 40% ya chonse cha anthu. N'chifukwa chiyani ambiri Azerbaijanis moyo mbali zonse za malire a Iran? Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti mbiri kudera la pano Azerbaijan ndi mbali ya dongosolo aku Iran boma. Iwo ali m'gulu la anthu aku Iran. A Kurds moyo (5% 10% ya okwana a) mu dera la kumadzulo kwa Iran. The chonse cha anthu a anthu miliyoni 78,4.

Zinenero Iran

Kodi zinenero Ambiri mwa moyo watsiku ndi tsiku wa Iranians? Pa nkhani imeneyi, pali zambiri olakwika. Iranians kwambiri ndi Aperisiya mitundu zikuchokera. Choncho, kunena ku Perisiya, kapena Chifasi. Persian - zotchuka kwambiri pakati pa gulu aku Iran wa mtengo chinenero m'mayiko a ku Ulaya. Iye ali pafupifupi 50 miliyoni okamba ku Iran (amene ali oposa 80% ya chonse cha anthu).

Sikuti Chifasi ndi chinenero mu Iran - izo kulankhula ndi anthu a Afghanistan, Tajikistan ndi Pamirs. Palinso madera ochepa amene ntchito Perisiya Iraq, ndi United Arab Emirates, Yemen. Kulemba Chifasi onyamula ndi pang'ono kusinthidwa zilembo Arabic - kunachititsa makalata ochepa amene sali mu Arabic. chilankhulo Persian lili ambiri mayunitsi lexical Anabwereka Arabic. chilankhulo wasinthira Persian chifukwa cha nkhondoyo m'zaka za m'ma 7.

Wa mbiri Persian

Chifasi ali ndi mbiri ndithu yaitali. Magwero loyamba chakale Persian a 1st Zakachikwi BC. e. Ngakhale kulemba ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito zakale. Baibulo wamkulu wa Chifasi anakumana kutembenuka kwa zaka 2 sauzande. 1 Zakachikwi N. e. nyengo za Middle Persian, chomwe chinali chilankhulidwe cha boma cha Sassanid Ufumu. Mu 7 m'ma BC. e. panali kusintha kwa ndale - gawo Persian anagonjetsedwa ndi Aluya. Pa nthawi imeneyo, Middle Persian anasangalala yaing'ono Zoroastrian kunja kwa Palestina ndi mfunda wa Parsis ku India.

Siteji yotsatira - Chatsopano Persian chinenero, amene yophatikiza zinthu za Arab. Kuyambira cha m'ma IX, Chifasi mofulumira kwambiri anapindula udindo wa chinenero chachiwiri zolembalemba padziko lonse Muslim. Panopa Chifasi zimasiyana kwambiri chakale chinenero chatsopano Persian. kusiyana ndi kuonekera matchulidwe ndi kulemba, ndipo mawu. Maziko mawu ofanana ndi malamulo stylistic ndi kalembedwe, Tehran ndi adverb.

Pulezidenti aku Iran

Pakali pano, mutu wa Iran ndi Hassan Rouhani, amene anapambana pa chisanko May 20, 2017. Zonse mu masankho nawo pafupifupi 41 miliyoni Iranians. Kwa pulezidenti nkoyenera ali anakuvoterani 57% omwe adzaponye chisanko, pamene mdani wake, Ibrahim Raisi, anakuvoterani 38%. Aku Iran boma makonzedwe amenewa kuti pulezidenti akutenga malo wachiwiri mmene - mu ufumu wolowezana wa ndale za mutu wa boma umamumvera atsogoleri achipembedzo ( "Ayatollah"). mutu achipembedzo amasankhidwa ndi bungwe lapadera. Tsopano ndi Ali Khamenei.

Zachilendo mwambo wa kulankhulana

Alendo amene amapita Iran kwa nthawi yoyamba amakhala osokonezeka. Akafuna kulipira galimoto - dalaivala akukana ndalama. Bwerani ku sitolo - chinthu chomwecho chikuchitika. Chifukwa chiyani? Iwo likukhalira kuti mu Iran analandira zikhulupiliro za chikhalidwe pansi pa dzina zosamvetsetseka "taarof". Kumene, m'mayiko ena, anthu samazimvetsa mphatso ya katundu m'masitolo kapena ntchito. Khalani taarof ndi mtundu m'dera - kumasonyeza woona Persian ulemu. Ngati munthu anapemphedwa kuyendera kapena chakudya, ndi udindo wa anaitanidwa - kusewera pamodzi ndi ochititsa ndi poyamba anakana. Amachita taarof ku Iran pafupifupi vuto lililonse la kulankhulana.

Wotchuka Persian makalapeti

Pakati Aperisiya ndi mawu akuti: "The kalipeti Persian ndi wangwiro wolakwika zolondola ake zolakwika." Kodi zinatani? Ndipotu zolakwika kapena zosiyidwa mu makalapeti Persian analengedwa mwadala. Choncho Aperisiya amafunitsitsa kusonyeza kuti Mulungu yekha angalenge chinachake wangwiro. Kusiya pambali mafunso a zipembedzo, pamphasa Persian ndi mbali yofunika ya chikhalidwe aku Iran. Ndipotu iye anali kale kuposa 2 zaka zambiri. Luso yokhotakhota makalapeti makamaka ofala m'madera ena - mwachitsanzo, mu mzinda wa Kashan zimafalitsidwa ku mibadwomibadwo.

Quran limafotokoza ndondomeko ya chilengedwe cha dziko: lapansi chinalengedwa ndi Mulungu m'masiku asanu ndi limodzi. Woyamba mu opanda wosatha wa malo ndi mitembo isanu wakumwamba. Ndiyeno pansi iwo anayala pamphasa okongola a padziko lapansi. Choncho, pamphasa mu mwambo East amagwirizana ndi mini-chitsanzo cha ufumu wa Mulungu padziko lapansi. mlingo wa chitukuko mu East Akuti ndi makalapeti chiwerengero m'nyumba ya munthu, ndi momwe iwo ndi okwera mtengo. Ngati pazifukwa zina banja sangakwanitse nyumba yake yokutidwa ndi makalapeti, ndi chifundo. Mbiri yakale amakhulupirira kuti makalapeti zoyambirira anausankha mafuko wakale Asian woyendayendawu.

Real golide Iran

Amadziwika kuti Iran - sewerolo yaikulu ya mazira, mmodzi wa mankhwala okwera mtengo kwambiri padziko lonse. Ndi kuchokera apa pakubwera rarest za mtundu wake, motero mtengo kwambiri. Beluga caviar ali kutchedwa "Almas" ndi wofunika kwambiri kuposa 2 miliyoni rubles mu kilogalamu imodzi yokha. M'badwo wa nsomba caviar izi ndi zaka 60 mpaka 100.

Ndipo si onse. Aku Iran yopanga duwa imanena za zitatu zaka. 90% ya okwana wolowa wa zonunkhira izi amapangidwa pano. Pa nthawi yomweyo zodula ngale duwa ambiri. mtengo wake ndi za 4 zikwi. Rubles pa galamu imodzi.

Zikhulupiriro of Ancient Iran

Pamalo a Iraq ndi Iran kamodzi Mesopotamia. Cities amene anawonekera kuno mu Kale, olemba mbiri amakono kuitana mizinda ya Mesopotamia. Anafika pachimake pa ulamuliro wake mu nthawi ya Sassanids. Ancient aku Iran chikhalidwe m'tawuni unakhazikitsidwa mchikakamizo cha Chizorowasita ndipo Manichaeism.

Chizorowasita - ndi akale kwambiri zitatuzi chikhulupiriro. Iwo chikutchedwa tate wa dzina Zarathustra. Anthu a Greece ankakhulupirira Zarathustra nzeru zapamwamba ndi wambwebwe. Anasintha dzina la mneneri Zoroaster mu (kuchokera Greek akale "aster." - "nyenyezi"). Malinga ndi Baibulo lina, mneneri anakhalako II Zakachikwi BC. e. Katswiri Meri Boys, Zarathustra kukhala m'dera kum'mawa kwa Volga.

Manichæism anaonekera pafupifupi mu III. N. e. mneneri wake anali Mani, kapena Manes, yemwe ankawerenga ulaliki mu 240 AD. e. mu likulu la Sassanid Ufumu - Ktesifont. Mneneri Mani anakhutira kuti zipembedzo zonse dziko. Maziko a Manichaeism anali nkhondo pakati pa zabwino ndi zoipa.

Nthano za Iran

Ndipotu Iran mlingo wapatali wa Zachitetezo. Recent ntchito asilikali zinachitika zaka zoposa 30 zapitazo. olakwika Izi yafalikira chifukwa cha alendo amakhala kusokoneza Iran ndi Iraq. Ngakhale kuti Iran ndi pafupi Afghanistan ndi Iraq, ili m'gawo lake ndi otetezeka kwambiri. Iranians - ansangala ndiponso okonda kuchereza. Chaka chilichonse kuno kumasuka alendo zambiri ochokera m'mayiko osiyanasiyana.

Iran alinso mkulu mlingo wa maphunziro komanso chikhalidwe, makamaka akazi. Anthu oposa theka la ophunzira a ku Yunivesite - mtsikana. Akazi ntchito mu maudindo akhoza kuchita malonda, kutenga nawo mbali mu chisankho. Mu Iran, akazi anaganiza kuvala headscarves, koma iwo samavala chophimba kuphimba nkhope. Pakati pa theka wokongola wa anthu Iran wa fashionistas ambiri amene mukufuna zovala yowala.

Iran ndi m'malo wachitatu padziko lonse lapansi chiwerengero cha zipilala chikhalidwe UNESCO, yokha Italy ndi Egypt. Mbiri ya Perisiya wakale, amene ali wolowa nyumba ya makono ya Iran, ali oposa 5 zikwi. Zaka. Poyamba kuti anali kufalitsa mwa Iranians, "Ndani anapita Isfahan -. Theka dziko waona"