North, Central ndi South America: dera, anthu, malo

Kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma XV dziko watsegula latsopano, sankadziwika Africa, anadzatchedwa America. Malo ndi oposa mamiliyoni 40 mamita lalikulu. Km. Otulukira ikutchedwa the New World kumtunda.

A mawu ochepa pa dziko ndi

Tsiku lanuli kutsegula kumtunda akuti ndi October 12, 1492 Pa tsiku limeneli amalinyero Hristofora Kolumba woona dziko, zimene zinathandiza kuti America. Ngakhale mbiri ya gawo ili la dziko inayamba kale ukutsegulira. Pali lomwe dzina Africa ndi unatchedwa wofufuza Amerigo Vespucci (Co-woyendetsa maulendowa wa asilikali Alonzo de A Ojeda).

M'njira zamakono of America - mbali ya dziko, womwenso mu kapangidwe kake m'mayiko awiri (kumpoto ndi kum'mwera) ndi zilumba ozungulira. Poyamba, iwo anali m'mayiko osiyanasiyana. Chiwerengero cha America ndi anthu oposa 950, malinga ndi kalembera wa 2015, kwa nthawi yoyamba kuti kuthetsa m'gawo lake ankakhala wa Asia. Ndi chifukwa cha kusamuka lalikulu Eskimos tsopano iwo Ndi anthu zamakolo m'dzikoli.

Regional Chigawo cha m'gawo

Kuonetsetsa zigawo izi:

• North America - zikuphatikizapo State: United States of America (USA), Canada, Mexico ndi chilumba, yomwe ili m'mphepete mwa gombe kum'mawa.
• America South ogwirizana, dziko palokha ili kumtunda.
• Central America - chigawo monga boma, yomwe ili kum'mwera kumpoto kumtunda kwa Mexico.
• Caribbean (dzina lina kwa West Indies) - tichipeza kuzilumba za Caribbean.

Kupatukana ndi chinenero

m'gawo ku America wachinsinsi kugawikana pa mbali zinenero ndi mbiri yakale:

• Latin America (Spanish-, Portuguese-, frantsuzskoyazychnye dziko);
• Anglo-America (Chingelezi).

Okwana America ali 36 m'mayiko palokha ndipo 17 m'magawo yozungulira.

North America

Africa lachitatu yaikulu ya dzikoli ndi kumpoto kwa dziko lapansi. Ndi North America. Chile m'dera - oposa 20 miliyoni mamita lalikulu. Km. Ndi zilumba ozungulira - oposa mamiliyoni 24 mamita lalikulu. Km. Zilumba waukulu mu North America - Greenland, Aleutian, West Indies ndi Canada. Dera lina ili monga ngati mayiko: USA, Canada, Mexico, ndi Greenland, Bahamas ndi Bermuda. The chonse cha anthu a m'dera - anthu oposa 560. M'dziko kutsukidwa ndi madzi a m'nyanja atatu: North Arctic, Atlantic ndi Pacific. Kum'mwera zikugwirizana ndi America South, ndi Panama Korinto.

mpumulo North America a wakufayo ndithu. Kumadzulo, izo akutambasula imodzi yaikulu machitidwe phiri la dziko - mapiri a Cordillera kum'mawa chimakhala chogwidwa ndi zigwa ndi mapiri ang'onoang'ono. The chimbuzi cha Chile - a Denali (poyamba Phiri McKinley) - 6193 m.

The nyengo m'malo, kuyambira kozizira kumpoto kwa subequatorial kum'mwera. zosiyanasiyana zimenezi ndi zosavuta kufotokoza lalikulu. Air misa kubwera kuchokera kumadzulo ku Chile, ndi kokha kum'mwera kwa dera chimakhala chogwidwa ndi mphepo ya mwera ofunda. The dera wolemera m'dambo. Kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa iwo angafikire 6000 mamilimita / chaka. Mu North America, ndi padziko lonse lapansi dongosolo mtsinje - p. Mississippi ndi Missouri, komanso ndende chachikulu cha madzi abwino mu Canada Great Lakes.

America South

Area ku Chile miliyoni 17,8 sq. Km akuchita malo 4 mwa mayiko ena. Kutsukidwa ndi madzi a Pacific ndi Atlantic nyanja. Kumwera kwa Strait of Magellan ndi amakadula ku Antarctica, koma kumpoto kwa Korinto yopapatiza kulekanitsa kumtunda kwa North America. Gombe m'dzikoli - yosalala, ali kumalo pang'ono. South America malire (ndicho gombe) akutambasula oposa 30,000 kuchokera mu dera Relief asymmetrical: theka la kumadzulo kwa Africa ndi lokwera mapiri - Andes, kum'mawa chimakhala chogwidwa ndi zigwa ndi otsika. The chimbuzi - phiri Aconcagua (6960 m). America South mitanda ya equator.

Anthu a m'dera - anthu mamiliyoni 387. Malowa ali pamtunda kumtunda omangidwa. Madera ambiri - nyanja ya Atlantic, palinso kumzinda waukulu m'dzikoli.

Pa mapu ndale m'dzikoli, pali 12 limati palokha ndipo njuchi chimodzi - French dipatimenti kunja - Guiana. Mlingo wa chitukuko cha boma zokhudzana ndi mtundu agro-mafakitale. Ndiko kuti, izi ndi mayiko amene akutukuka kumene. Ambiri m'mayiko otukuka ndi Brazil, Argentina ndi Chile. M'mayiko ena, chogwidwa ndi ulimi ndi migodi.

Central America (kulongosola)

Chapakati gawo - America dera, conventionally lili pakati pa South ndi North m'dzikoli. Koma mwachirengedwe adzaupereka kwa kumtunda kumpoto. Dera tichipeza 7 limati yaing'ono. Guatemala, Belize, Costa Rica, Nicaragua, El Salvador, Panama ndi Honduras - iyi ndi imodzi mwa America Central. M'dera dziko ukufika pafupifupi mamiliyoni 2,7 sq. Km. Koma ambiri m'maderawa - a Chisipanishi. Total anthu a anthu 36 miliyoni. Ambiri a ulimi wa. dzina ena otchuka m'dera - ". nthochi Republic" Ndinachita pa chifukwa chakuti anthu oposa 90% ya imports okwana nthochi imagwera pa m'mayiko amenewa.

West Indies

Caribbean (West Indies) - chilumba zigawo America. Pamafunikanso kuzilumba za Caribbean, Bahamas ndi Turkey ndi Caicos. anthu m'maderawa - anthu 42 miliyoni. Amakhala 5 limati: Cuba, Haiti, Jamaica, Puerto Rico ndi ku Dominican Republic.

zilumba lalikulu pafupifupi onse makolokoto ndi omasuka gombe la Bay lapansi. China chirichonse m'chigawo tokwanira ofunda nyengo yotentha. Izi zimapangitsa West Indies chotchuka kwambiri alendo kopita zosangalatsa.