AC mphamvu. DC ndi AC panopa

munthu aliyense amene wasankha kugwira ntchito ndi zomangamanga magetsi monga ntchito inayake, ayenera bwino kumvetsa zimene muli akasupe a kapezedwe, komanso zizindikiro zawo ndi zosiyana. Ndipotu kanthu kobvuta, monga ife kukuwonetsani m'nkhani ino.

N'zovuta kulingalira momwe kuyang'ana dziko ano kutheratu wake mphamvu ya magetsi komanso zipangizo zamagetsi ofanana. Mwina, anthu akanakhalabe ntchito injini nthunzi ndi mphamvu minofu ya nyama ndi abale awo. Sangathe kunena chimodzimodzi amene woyamba anatulukira mphamvu ngati zamagetsi: mwachitsanzo, spinners ku Suriya wakale ntchito Amber katundu nyese (inasangalatsa), Aristotle anayesetsa kufufuza mwayi wa ray magetsi, koma nanga bwanji za kuopsa mphezi wakhala kuyambira chiyambi cha dziko (n'zosadabwitsa ena anthu ankalambira ake).

Zamagetsi ndi mitundu iwiri - AC ndi DC. kusiyana Ichi ndi chifukwa yokonza njira zake. Choncho, mphamvu AC gwero imapereka atsopano a mtundu woyamba ndi zonse - chachiwiri. Mwa njira, apa gulu mu "choyamba - wachiwiri" salembedwa. Okonza magetsi, ntchito monga magetsi AC ndi DC. Tiyeni akumbukire zina chiphunzitso.

Aliyense panopa magetsi akuimira gulu la particles mlandu imatsogoleredwa pamodzi zinthu conductive wa electromotive mphamvu EMF. kanthu kunja monga ena ma elekitironi pa m'mipita lakunja la atomu, mphamvu chokwanila kugonjetsa kukopa kwa phata la. Chifukwa, pali ufulu mlandu zonyamulira - ma elekitironi ndi ayoni. Malinga ndi lamulo la kusamala mphamvu, ndondomeko particles zachilengedwe recombination ku maatomu ozungulira malo latisi. Popanda dongosolo maganizo kunja zakuthupi wabwezeretsedwa. Komabe, ngati wochititsa ndi chikugwirizana ndi gwero la mphamvu electromotive m'munda kwaiye kudzera kwa recombination m'njira yoyenera - zamagetsi. AC kwenikweni akuimira jenereta emf vekitala amene lathu imasiyana nthawi anyamata. Choncho dzina lakuti "variable". AC mphamvu okwanira nthawi zambiri ankaimira ndi ikuyambitsa mphamvu - magudumu zomera amakono mphamvu zokolola ndendende alternating panopa. Iwo amakhala odalirika ntchito ndiponso zosavuta kusamalira, kuposa wokhometsa chitsanzo DC. The zithunzi AC magwero mphamvu nthawi zambiri anasankhidwa ndi bwalo ndi funde mkati. Yoweyula - fano wophiphiritsa wa yoweyula sine.

AC gwero umabala kayendedwe ka particles osati ndi kusintha malangizo, koma "akuyandama" mtengo mphamvu. Obweretsa sinusoid limasonyeza kuti nthawi phindu chimadutsa ziro.

Pa chosiyana mfundo zochokera DC mphamvu. Iwo kulenga wochititsa zonse munda magetsi motsogozedwa kupanga mbali kayendedwe ndi tinthu mlandu. Amaona kuti panopa uyenda kuchokela zabwino kukhudzana zoipa (kuchokera zabwino zoipa). Kunena zoona, ma elekitironi kusuntha kwina - kuchokera opanda kuti kuphatikiza. Popeza kuyang'anira elekitironi limodzi ndi zoipa, ndi osachiritsika ndi "opanda" chizindikiro limasonyeza owonjezera particles (choncho okwana kuyang'anira). Zochokera chakuti particles matanthauzo oppositely mlandu kukopa mzake, si zovuta ndikuganiza kuti ma elekitironi adutsa wochititsa kuchokera ku "opanda" a "kuphatikiza". Anandilola kusintha yokumba kufunika apano - la padziko lino sichitha kukhala okhazikika. Pali zambiri njira zosiyanasiyana kuti atembenuke pano mwachindunji mu alternating (sine yoweyula magudumu) ndi mosemphanitsa (rectifiers, milatho).