Big Band (Big gulu) - ndichiyani nanga magulu chachikulu?

Nkhaniyi khama amenewa jazi oketsra ngati gulu lalikulu. Popeza khalidwe lalikulu la yopuma azipereka, limafotokoza kwachilendo monga bebop, kugwedezeka, maphatikizidwe. Mudzaphunziranso zimene zinakhala magulu zazikulu ndi mayina a atsogoleri awo.

Jazz Band Big. Ndi chiyani icho?

The pomasulira mawu akuti - oimba chachikulu. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zimasiyanitsa jazi Banda, omwe amakhala ndi zipangizo zenizeni zikuchokera. Ntchito yaikulu ndi ankaimba ndi gulu la zida mphepo. Pakati mbali imodzi ya gulu lalikulu m'pofunika kuona zotsatirazi:

• Kulekana kwa magulu malangizo, ndipo amatchedwa "Ndime".
• A njira yapadera ya gulu loyimba kusewera: plexus improvisations soloists imene kugawa, ndipo ntchito mitundu wapadera wa loimba limodzi (zikhalidwe).
• Kusakaniza zosiyana malankhulidwe owala, zimene zimagwiritsa ndi collage ndi miksazhnym phokoso.
• M'goli rhythmic throbbing, mosinthana nthawi zonse kutsindika, zomwe ndi zovuta kuphedwa amafotokozera.

Number oimba - anthu khumi ndi ziwiri. Ambiri chachikulu gulu akubwera ku chida ongokhala: saxophones asanu, malipenga anayi, trombones anayi ndi kayimbidwe kotani gulu (gitala, yoimba, limba, ng'oma). Amaganiza kuti magulu zotsatirazi zipangizo:

• Gawo chitoliro - mabango.
• Gawo Mkuwa - Mkuwa.
• Kayendedwe gawo.
• Woodwind gawo - Woods.
• Chingwe gawo.

Nawa khalidwe waukulu oketsra ili ngati gulu lalikulu. Kugwedezeka, bebop, maphatikizidwe - awa atatu Mabaibulo osiyanasiyana jazi, tikambirana pansipa.

Khalidwe lalikulu la bebop jazi kalembedwe

A kusintha kwa kalembedwe izi unapangidwa oyambirira 40 ntchentche. dzina lake lenileni - bop (bop). A otumphukira mawu kale (bop, bibap, ribap) akhala ambiri ntchito ntchito. Onse mwachindunji zokhudzana scat-kuimba chizolowezi ndi gwero onomatopoeic. Wina dzina lake - Mintons kalembedwe. anachokera, mawu akumveka dzina Harlem Club (Minton a nyumba ya zisudzo). Mu kalabu kunali anayambitsa oimba bebop. kalembedwe izi (bop) ali anatuluka ngati malo experimental patapita pachimake.

mumaganiza Ofunika zomwe kalembedwe bop:

• Kutukula yakale yotentha jazi.
• Wodziimira payekha improvisation.
• The luso m'munda wa nyimbo-limaonetseratu njira (mungoli, nyimbo, kapangidwe, mogwirizana, tempo, timbre ndi ena).

Pachimake - Kudzera mwa mawu a jazi

Mu English (kugwedezeka) ndi kugwedezeka, pachimake. Mawu kugwedezeka ntchito zokhudzira ziwiri, monga njira limaonetseratu ndi jazi monga kalembedwe a.

Kupeta onse limaonetseratu jazi zikutanthauza - yeniyeni mtundu metroritmicheskoy pulsation anapanga pa kuvutika wosatha mungoli (monga kupepera ndi kutsogolera) amphamvu nthaka-bit nusu. Pankhani imeneyi pali kumverera mphamvu zam'kati, amene ali wosakhazikika mgwirizano. Iwo amalenga zotsatira za mtundu wa 'kugwedeza' kuwomba misa chinkafunika maziko osakhazikika. Kupeta monga njira akuti khalidwe mikangano metroritmicheskie.

Kupeta monga kalembedwe jazi loimba

Zikuoneka pa 20-30-ntchentche chifukwa cha kaphatikizidwe mitundu westernized ndi stylistic wa jazi Negro malangizo nyimbo. Poyamba, iye anali kuimiriridwa ndi gulu lalikulu, koma uli pafupi kutha kwa 30s ankaimba nyimbo kalembedwe izi kasakanizidwe (m'chipinda ensembles). Mbali khalidwe la kalembedwe la:

• mtundu wa ripple, kuchititsa mayanjano mwachindunji ndi 'kugwedeza'.
• Kuphatikiza wapadera wa payekha improvisation ndi njira yachigawo kusewera.
• The original zina ochekenera.
• A mbali yofunika kwambiri kapangidwe dongosolo.

Osati aliyense akudziwa zimene lalikulu gulu pachimake. Izi ndi zotsatira za chitukuko ndi kukula kwa kalembedwe Chicago.

mbali maphatikizidwe

Mu English mawu maphatikizidwe zikutanthauza maphatikizidwe wa aloyi lapansi. Zisudzo - ndi stylistic malangizo a modernity. Mtundu uwu wa kalembedwe anaonekera mu 70s pamaziko a jazi thanthwe, komanso kuphatikiza zinthu za folklore sanali European ndi European nyimbo zachikhalidwe.

Music kalembedwe maphatikizidwe n'zofanana ndi malangizo mu chirengedwe. Koma zimakhala chipangizo metroritmicheskie mbali ndi nthawi siginecha. omvera European, Japan ndi South America ndi mafani ndi connoisseurs kwenikweni kalembedwe nyimbo.
Mu Russia, limodzi la asangalatsi woyamba anali gulu la "zida" (anakhazikitsidwa mu 1973) ndi nawo Alekseya Kozlova. Mu 1974 chimbale choyamba wotchedwa "kukhotakhota linatulutsidwa kuyang'aniridwa ndi Georgiya Garanyana. Jazz "jazi-maphatikizidwe.

Kodi chilengedwe chachikulu gulu?

The ndondomeko ya zikamera wa magulu chachikulu ndi kutchuka kwawo Zakhaladi mofanana.
Mwachitsanzo, Benni Gudmena Orchestra anali wotchuka kwambiri ndi kufunika mkulu kwa anthu, amene sazindikira kuti gulu lalikulu anatuluka mothandizidwa ndi zina, oimba analipo. oketsra Izi zinali zochokera zinachitikira wautali kwambiri ndiponso thandizo la gulu lalikulu la Fletcher Henderson. Pa njira zofanana apitawo oimba monga:

• Arti Shou;
• Bob Crosby;
• Dzhimmi Dorsi;
• Harri Dzheyms.

Kumapeto kwa 30s anali oimba yotchuka kwambiri ya Glenn Miller. Mlengi wake anali trombonist amene akhala anaphunzira maziko a dongosolo la. Anagwiritsa ntchito angapo zaluso. Mmodzi wa iwo - galasi nyimboyi.

Big Band Werengerani Basie anakhazikitsidwa mu 30s mu Kansas City, iye potsiriza unakhazikitsidwa ku New York City. Basie, amene analemekeza jazi mwambo, anali wokhoza kukwaniritsa kugwedezeka wangwiro ndi wamphamvu kulira. gulu ankaona kuti kukhalapo njira stylistic, ndiwo khalidwe la gulu lalikulu. Mwa iwo Dziwani izi:

• Funso mayankho mawonekedwe.
• Mogwirizana loimba zigawo.
• Ntchito riffs loimba.

Duke Ellington Orchestra. Mutu wa gulu kumaphatikizapo matalente zingapo: mtsogoleri gulu, limba, Wolemba, zojambulajambula. Iye anali wokhoza kuti apange phokoso munthu kuti Chili zinthu nyimbo loimba Agiriki ndi njira miyambo jazi.

Choncho, gulu lalikulu zovuta zake mbali khalidwe ndi oimba kumatanthauza zikuchokera ndi zida. Pali jazi m'njira zosiyana: kugwedezeka, bebop, maphatikizidwe. The ndondomeko ya zikamera wa magulu chachikulu ndi kutchuka kwawo sikuti ofanana. Anali wotchuka kwambiri chachikulu magulu Benni Gudmena, Glenn Miller, werengani Basie, Duke Ellington.