Matenda matumbo: zizindikiro ndi mankhwala. Zizindikiro za matenda matumbo

njira Pathological okhudza matumbo, kukhala pang'onopang'ono, ndipo mu magawo oyambirira nkomwe kusokonezedwa odwala. Ndicho chifukwa anthu nthawi zambiri opanda chisamaliro chokwanira cha mankhwala, bola ngati matenda sizimapita mu mawonekedwe aakulu. Kodi zizindikiro amasonyeza matenda ndi mmene tiyenera kuchitira matenda matumbo, ife tikuchita nawo.

matenda matumbo ndi gulu la njira yotupa kunachitika m'matumbo, intestine yaing'ono. Motero, zinthu zosiyanasiyana zoipa ndi kupatulira amapezeka chotupa mucous nembanemba mwake ziwalo. mavuto matumbo nawo gastroenterologists.

Zinthu zokhudza chitukuko cha pathologies matumbo

Matenda a m'mimba ndipo matumbo chifukwa kanthu pa thupi la zinthu zoipa, ndipo nthawi zina chifukwa kutupa ndi ena chochitika chimodzi. The zifukwa zambiri zosiyanasiyana nthawi yomweyo bwanji thupi, kovuta kuti adzatuluka matenda ndipo, chotero, m'pamenenso zidzakhala atachita.

Zinthu zokhudza chitukuko cha kuvutika aliyense wa intestine, ndi monga:

- Kupondelezedwa kwa chakudya;

- matenda immunological;

- kupsyinjika maganizo ndi nkhawa zinthu;

- Chinthu majini;

- wongokhala;

- gastro-tizilombo matenda;

- ndi bakiteriya matumbo matenda;

- kumwa mowa mwauchidakwa, kusuta;

- kutenga mankhwala ena (mwachitsanzo, mankhwala).

Matenda za m'mimba yaing'ono monga enteritis (matumbo pathologic matenda magwiridwe), zimam'patsa tsankho, gilateni enteropathy (uka chifukwa chosowa michere zofunikira m'thupi), matupi awo sagwirizana mtima ndi matenda m'mimba, matenda Whipple, ndi anthu ena. Onse a iwo ayamba chitukuko chifukwa cha kuswa kukhulupirika kapena mucous nembanemba kuyabwa, mwake intestine yaing'ono chifukwa zakudya zosayenera kapena kumwa mankhwala enieni.

Matenda a m'matumbo monga matenda a m'matumbo, kuphatikizapo anam'peza, matenda amene amatupitsa, diverticulosis, ndi zina zotupa kukwiya matumbo ndi matenda ena. Ambiri njira yotupa mderali amayamba ndi matenda omwe amayamba ndi mabakiteriya, koma kukusalani choncho pamene chifukwa amakhala njira yaitali mankhwala okhudza kudya ndi zina zotero.

Matenda za m'mimba ang'onoang'ono

Pankhani matumbo matenda, zizindikiro ndi chithandizo zimadalira zinthu zoipa zimene zinayambitsa ndi kudwala. The intestine ang'ono ndi gawo yaitali pa mundawo m'mimba. Iye nawo mayamwidwe chakudya zakudya. Poganizira matenda za m'mimba yaing'ono, m'pofunika kuganizira mfundo osati maonekedwe awo, komanso ma awo osiyana. Izi adzalola mtima n'kuika mankhwala abwino kwambiri.

njira yotupa akuwuka mu intestine yaing'ono, wotchedwa enteritis. Matendawa zambiri ndi yopweteka kwambiri kapena yokhalitsa. Chifukwa cha enteritis pachimake zambiri matenda (chakudya poizoni, "matenda a manja zauve", etc.). Zizindikiro Chitsanzo cha matenda yaing'ono matumbo anasonyeza zikamera wa nseru, kusanza, kutsekula m'mimba ndi zizindikiro zina za kuledzera, komanso malungo, malungo. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi nsomba, kolera ndi tizilombo tina tifoparatifoznoy gulu. Pakuti enteritis aakulu yodziwika ndi bakiteriya ndi matenda protozoal, zosiyanasiyana matenda a chitetezo cha m'thupi. Mbali A wa mawonekedwe aakulu a enteritis ndi mfundo imene yoyamba chisokonezo yotupa kapena yotupa-dystrophic, kunachitika mu intestine yaing'ono. Chifukwa cha matenda a mwa anthu kukhala mavuto m'mimba, pali kubalana tizilombo toyambitsa matenda mu intestine yaing'ono, imbaenda mavuto cha m'thupi ndi kagayidwe kachakudya.

Zizindikiro matenda matumbo

Pamene matenda matumbo zizindikiro ndi chithandizo zimadalira mlingo wa kukula kwa kutupa, ndi malo a malo ake. Zizindikiro za matenda zimasiyana ofatsa kwambiri. Pa gawo yogwira matenda anatsatira ndi nthawi ya chikhululukiro. The matenda chithunzi ochepa kutupa matumbo yodziwika ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi:

- m'mimba - vuto anthu ambiri ndi matenda awa;

- kutentha thupi ndi kochulukira tanthauzo la kutopa - Nthawi zambiri mu nkhani ya mavuto ndi matumbo anthu amapezeka otsika kalasi malungo, amaona wotopa komanso takwiya;

- ululu m'mimba, kupotokola - kutupa ndi ulceration wa mucosa matumbo zingakhudze kayendedwe yachibadwa chakudya kudzera thirakiti m'mimba ndipo potero kudzetsa ululu ndi cramping;

- nseru, kusanza;

- kukhalapo kwa magazi m'manyi - zambiri Izi zikusonyeza magazi mkati za m'mimba yaing'ono;

- utachepa chilakolako - ululu m'mimba ndi omangana, komanso pamaso kutupa mu thupi, zambiri kumva njala;

- mofulumira kuwonda.

Clinic matenda aakulu za m'mimba ang'onoang'ono chifukwa cha chitukuko cha m'mimba kobwereza ndi matenda malabsorption. M'mimba atamuyamba hypersecretion wa madzi ndi calcium ayoni mu thupi, matumbo giperekssudatsiey, kuthamanga osmotic ndi kusokonezeka kwa m'mimba zili zoyendera ntchito. Malabsorption syndrome ndi chifukwa cha kutsegula m'mimba kobwereza.

Zizindikiro za mitundu matenda aakulu anafotokoza kupezeka enteric syndrome (maonekedwe a zomverera zosasangalatsa m'mimba m'madera ozungulira Mchombo wa). Komanso, mtima ukuwawa kugunda ndi akuphulikira kumverera m'mimba, bloating. ululu m'mimba akhoza spasmodic, cramping kapena khalidwe wosasamala. Ngati ululu poipa atatha kudya, zikutanthauza kuti matenda wadutsa mu mawonekedwe kuthamanga.

Matenda a m'mimba

Matenda a m'matumbo monga aakulu kutupa onse kapena mbali ya m'matumbo. Izi matenda a m'matumbo makamaka anam'peza ndi matenda amene amatupitsa. matenda onse imakhudzana ndi kutsegula m'mimba kwambiri, ululu wopweteka kwambiri m'mimba, kutopa ndi kuwonda. Ngati munthu amaganiziridwa matenda matumbo, zizindikiro, ndi mankhwala ayenera kukhala wotsimikiza posachedwapa, chifukwa pakalibe mankhwala okwanira kungachititse kuti mavuto moyo pachiswe.

Anam'peza matenda a m'matumbo ndi yotupa matenda omwe amachititsa ulceration pa khoma mkati ya m'matumbo. matenda amene amatupitsa amakhala ndi kutukusira kwa mucosa pa mundawo m'mimba, kutupa ambiri chimafikira yozama minofu akhudzidwa, ndipo zingakhudze mmene wakuda ndi yaing'ono intestine. Kolajeni ndi matenda a m'matumbo lymphocytic Komanso ankaona matenda a m'matumbo, koma nthawi zambiri ankaona padera ku chakale yotupa matenda matumbo.

Zimayambitsa chenicheni cha matenda yotupa matumbo akadali osadziwika. Kale zinthu pathological monga maganizo, nkhanza zakudya. Tsopano madokotala kuti zifukwa izi mwina ziwonjezeka, koma osati kuti tifulumizane vuto. Akukhulupirira kuti ambiri matenda m'matumbo uka kwa tizilombo toyambitsa, amene likulowerera ndi mankhwala zakudya otsika-quality, zakumwa, kulandira antimicrobials. Komanso, munthu chifukwa zotheka ndi kusokonezeka kwa chitetezo cha m'thupi ndi chibadwa. mavuto matumbo tione chifukwa kuchepetsa ziwiya magazi m'matumbo, kunyengerera kotunga magazi ake. Kawirikawiri, chifukwa ndi zina okalamba.

Zizindikiro za matenda m'matumbo

zizindikiro zambiri matenda matumbo zikusonyeza ndi ingathandize mzake. Zizindikiro khalidwe monga kupweteka m'mimba kapena cramping m'chilengedwe yosamveka, spasms zotheka. Pamwamba mkati TACHIMATA ndi zilonda m'matumbo, zomwe mwina kutuluka magazi. Odwala amadandaula m'mawa kutopa chopondapo magazi ndi ntchofu kumasulidwa, magazi m'thupi (imfa ndalama zambiri magazi), chikondi cha malo. Kawirikawiri matenda ndi imfa kusalankhula kulemera, kusowa chilakolako cha malungo, flatulence, madzi m'thupi. Nthawi zambiri wodwalayo fissures kumatako.

Nkofunika kuti lalikulu intestine matenda, zizindikiro kuti angalakwitse chifukwa matenda ena, wakhala matenda m'njira yake. Popeza mankhwala okwanira a wodwalayo zidzachuluka chiopsezo kukhala mavuto (Oncology, fistulas, matumbo utaphulika ndi kutsekeka m'matumbo).

enterocolitis aakulu

Matenda enterocolitis ndi munthawi yomweyo kutupa monga wochepa thupi ndi lalikulu intestine, amene amakhala ndi manja a nembanemba mucous kumalumikiza pamwamba lamkati la matumbo, zomwe zimabweretsa chisokonezo cha ntchito matumbo. Malinga ndi kutanthauzira kwa yotupa ndondomeko matenda chabwino mtundu (enteritis) ndi wandiweyani (matenda a m'matumbo) payekha intestine.

Zimayambitsa enterocolitis aakulu chifukwa zimakhudza thupi zifukwa zotsatirazi pathological:

- yaitali zosayenera zakudya;

- chakhungu chitetezo chokwanira ndipo thupi;

- matenda m'thupi, nkhawa;

- mankhwala kuledzera mankhwala ndi zinthu zimachitikira;

- makamaka matumbo dongosolo;

- gastro-tizilombo matenda;

- matenda a ziwalo;

- m'mimba ndi matenda parasitic.

Mmodzi wa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ambiri enterocolitis aakulu ndi matumbo giardia (chithunzi majeremusi amenewa m'nkhani). Iwo amatha kuchulukitsa mofulumira ndi chifukwa giardiasis. Zizindikiro za matenda monga kutsekula m'mimba, gasi muyeso, cramping ndi ululu m'mimba, nseru, kusanza. Giardia, chithunzi chomwe chili pachithunzipa, pali njira ziwiri: yogwira ndi wofooka. njira yogwira majeremusi moyo mu thupi la munthu, pa potulukira kunja ndi chopondapo iwo kupita mu mawonekedwe wofooka ndi kufalitsa matenda kunja kwa thupi.

Matenda enterocolitis zambiri chifukwa cha osauka kapena anachedwa mankhwala a mitundu pachimake njira yotupa matumbo. Komanso, pali chiopsezo kuti zimafalitsa matenda ndi anatengera anthu amene makanda botolo zonenepa.

Zomatira matenda matumbo

Adhesions ndi woonda fibrous minofu aumbike mwa zonse m'mimba chifukwa zinthu zosiyanasiyana negative. Zomatira matenda matumbo, zizindikiro zimene amaonetsa mu maonekedwe a ululu spazmiruyutsya, makamaka oopsa kwa anthu. Amadandaula chachikulu cha odwala, monga ulamuliro, ndi ululu aakulu pamimba, amene kudziwa chikhalidwe cha truudno. Nthawi zina ndi matumbo kutsekeka, kudzimbidwa, kukhumudwa. Komanso, zomatira matumbo matenda, amene zizindikiro angakhale ofanana ndi mavuto matenda, nthawi zambiri chifukwa cha osabereka wamkazi.

Zizindikiro zazikulu monga kusapeza m'dera la Mchombo wa, omangana, kumverera kwa distention m'mimba. M'madera pali adhesions, pali kupotoza wa intestine, amene zina ndi gulu wabwinobwino wa nkhani zake. Mwina chitukuko cha kutsekeka wathunthu matumbo. Mwatsoka, njira ambiri matenda amatha kudziwa adhesions: iwo sangathe kuona ngati X-ray kapena ultrasound bwino. Iwo akhoza kuganizira ntchito barium Mosiyana pochititsa yopangidwa tomography. matenda Chithandizo zomatira anagwira opaleshoni laparoscopic kapena opaleshoni yotsegula ndi adhesions scalpel rassekaniya kapena magetsi.

Matenda a matenda a intestine ndi

Oterewa yotupa matenda matumbo ayenera pokhapokha osati mavuto ena zotheka. Izi zimafuna osakaniza mayesero matenda. Kupeza Vuto matenda matumbo zikuphatikizapo mayesero otsatirawa ndi njira:

- Analysis magazi - m'pofunika kuchepetsa mlingo wa hemoglobin.

- Fecal kudziwika magazi mwa iye.

- Colonoscopy - limakupatsani kuona lonse m'matumbo ntchito wochepa thupi, kusintha chubu ndi kamera ya Ufumuyo. Pa ndondomeko, dokotala angachite kuti kusanthula zina (biopsy) zitsanzo za minofu.

- Ololera sigmoidoscopy - ikuchitika kudzera ndi wochepa thupi chubu kusintha ndi kachipangizo kuwala, amene amalola kuona sigmoid m'matumbo gawo.

- Upper endoscopy - dokotala amagwiritsa woonda, kusintha linawala chubu kufufuza kum'mero, m'mimba ndi gawo loyamba za m'mimba yaing'ono.

- Capsular endoscopy - ikuchitika kwa matenda a matenda amene amatupitsa.

- X-ray diagnostics - chofunika mu nkhani ya mavuto aakulu limodzi ndi matumbo, pofuna kupewa mavuto aakulu (mwachitsanzo, perforation ya m'matumbo).

- yopangidwa tomography - njira limachititsa tikambirane mbali zina zosiyana pa cithunzithunzi kusiyana ndi X-ray. Mayeso amayankha wa intestine lonse, ndi minofu kunja.

- Maginito kumveka kulingalira - ndi njira yabwino kwambiri kuthetsa fistulas wophwanya, ndi mavuto ena.

Chithandizo cha matenda matumbo

Kuti bwino kuchiza matenda matumbo, zizindikiro, ndi mankhwala ayenera kumagwirizana. Cholinga cha mankhwala a matenda yotupa matumbo ndi kuchepetsa kutupa kuti umabala zizindikiro ndi amayambitsa nkhawa. mankhwala okwanira osati atsogolere chiwonetsero cha matenda, komanso kuyambitsa yaitali chikhululukiro, kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda oyamba. Musanayambe kuchiza matenda matumbo, dokotala achititsa matenda mokwanira kuti amalola kuti kusankha njira yabwino kwambiri.

Chithandizo kungakhale mankhwala ndi njira otchuka opaleshoni. Mankhwala kungathetse matenda ndi kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha matendawo. Mwakucimbidza tisaiwale kuti odwala ambiri adzakhala ndi kumwa mankhwala kwa nthawi yaitali. Kusankha mankhwala zimadalira kutanthauzira kutupa, popereka zizindikiro ndipo kupita kwa kupewa zisadzachitikenso matenda. Nthawi zina mungafunike kuphatikiza mankhwala, yothandiza mankhwala maphikidwe wowerengeka.

Zochizira matenda m'mimba ndi njira yotupa ntchito siyana zotsatirazi mankhwala:

- odana ndi yotupa mankhwala (aminosalitsitaly, corticosteroids mu);

- wothandizira antibacterial (mwachitsanzo, wothandizila "Ciprofloxacin");

- immunomodulators (mankhwala "Methotrexate", "Azathioprine");

- matenda wokonzedwanso mwamakono (mankhwala "infliximab", "Adalimumab").

Chithandizo cha mankhwala ayenera kusintha zakudya, kuchepetsa nkhawa, kutakasuka kugwilizana boma. Chinthu chofunika kwambiri mankhwala ake kuti wodwalayo kutsatira zakudya ndi matenda matumbo. The zakudya ayenera zigwirizana wa mankhwala wathanzi moyenera ndi okwanira kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni ndi zakudya. Zakudya amasankhidwa payekha kwa wodwala aliyense. Zotsatirazi malangizo ambiri akhoza zimachitika kwa voteji lolondola:

- chakudya yaing'ono tsiku lonse;

- kumamwa kowirikiza madzi oyera (mpaka malita 2 chakudya chochepa wogawana anagawira masana);

- kupewa zakudya zomwe zili mkulu CHIKWANGWANI (nyemba, mtedza, chimanga);

- amakana mafuta ndi yokazinga zakudya, sauces, zakudya zimene zimachititsa flatulence;

- kuchepetsa mkaka (lactose tsankho);

- Pa mankhwala, m'pofunika kuti atenge mavitamini B12, D, calcium, owonjezera.

Nthawi zambiri mankhwala a matenda matumbo amachita opaleshoni. Zikuluzikulu anatchula resections chimanena kuchotsa matumbo zigawo akhudzidwa. abscesses Chithandizo ndi fistulas padziko chotulukira ndi umachitika mwa opaleshoni anatsatira drenazhirovaniem.

kupewa

Yoyenera m'mimba ntchito akuyamba ndi zabwino thanzi akukhudzidwira. Ziwalo thirakiti m'mimba amadalira dongosolo odalirika m'thupi, okhoza kulimbana wothandizila opatsirana. zodzitetezera Cholinga patsogolo umoyo ndi anthu athanzi.

1. Kupereka kusuta. Aliyense akudziwa kuti fodya akapsa matenda a mtima, m'mapapo mwanga oopsa zimayambitsa. Malinga ndi kafukufuku, 30% ya matenda onse obwera chifukwa cha kusuta, m'pofunika pa dongosolo m'mimba, oposa 40% ya iwo - matenda matumbo. Kusuta kumaonjezera ngozi ya osauka anam'peza matenda a m'matumbo, matenda amene amatupitsa, impairs chiwindi ndi kapamba, ndi ena.
2. Control thupi. Kunenepa, kulemera makamaka owonjezera isanafalikire mu pamimba, kuchititsa matenda m'mimba dongosolo, matenda makamaka esophageal mwina ndi khansa ya m'matumbo.
3. Yogwira moyo. Kafukufuku akusonyeza kuti olimbitsa thupi amachepetsa chiopsezo matenda pa mundawo m'mimba, matenda matumbo okalamba.
4. Zakudya. Kukana kwa zakudya mkulu mu mafuta kumathandiza kuti kulemera imfa. Kuwonjezera wolemera CHIKWANGWANI chakudya wathanzi, zomwe zimathandiza kuti ntchito wabwinobwino wa intestine lapansi.