Rio 2016: Kodi muyenera poizoni madzi akumwa?

Games Olympic 2016 kuonedwa mu Rio de Janeiro, anali nkhani ya mtsutso mkangano ngakhale pamaso unayambira. Munthu akhoza kungowauzira kukumbukira mantha kugwirizana ndi Zika HIV, doping zoipa, zandale ku Brazil, mtengo umbava ndi zomangamanga osauka. Ndipo zisakuyenda Tayambiranso mtsutso pa chikhalidwe ukhondo chuma madzi a mumzindawo.

"Atatu teaspoons wa madzi"

media dziko akuyankhula za chakuti "teaspoons atatu okha a" Rio munali madzi zinyalala udzakhala wokwanira kudwala othamanga ngakhale kwathunthu wathanzi. Choncho, alendo ndi akatswiri ali osavomerezeka ntchito madzi kapena kusamba mmenemo.

Nanga chiopsezo, matenda mungalidziŵe? Totupa komanso wosalabadira zilonda zapakhosi, kapena zosowa matenda otentha?

nkhawa posachedwapa anaonekera pambuyo onse Associated Press lofalitsidwa lipoti pa madzi 16-mwezi kuphunzira Rio, amene adzakhala malo a kulimba kwa Olympians ambiri - amalinyero, paddlers ndi osambira. Komanso, madzi m'madzi anali kuphunzira, monga masauzande alendo amapita ufulu pa gombe yabata wa Rio de Janeiro.

Kuopsa loyamba: adenoviruses

Mmodzi mwa zigawo owopsa ndi Lagoa Rodrigo de A Freitas, kumene iwo adzakhala kupalasa ndi boti mayesero. Zitsanzo kutengedwa- kuphunzira mu March 2015 anasonyeza kuti lita imodzi ya madzi amakhala biliyoni 1.74. Adenovirus. Poyerekeza, zikwi imodzi yokha pa lita amaona ngati kuchuluka osadziteteza.

Adenoviruses kungakhale udindo matenda ambiri, kuphatikizapo gastroenteritis, conjunctivitis, matenda kupuma, cystitis, ndi totupa pakhungu. Mu chilungamo chiyenera kuti kwa kanthawi kochepa ndi matenda opweteka kwambiri, koma pali zina zambiri zomwe munthu wathanzi kufa kwa iwo.

matenda ambiri kumachitika mwa masiku kapena masabata ngati sanalandire chithandizo. Komabe, maphunziro angapo amati, zina, matenda adenoviral zingachititse yaitali ubongo kutupa mu makoswe. Ambiri mwina, ife tonse moyo akukumana ndi adenoviruses nthawi zambiri, koma watsekedwa ndi chitetezo cha m'thupi, kapena china mavuto m'mimba kapena kukhosomola.

Mliri toyambitsa

Mwatsoka, pali tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ena okhala mu madzi ogwiritsidwa ntchito, zimene theoretically zingachititse vuto lenileni. Zikuphatikizapo kolera, kamwazi, matenda a chiwindi A, tayifodi. Onse a iwo akhoza kukhala moyo pachiswe, kaya ukupeza anthu.

Mabakiteriya coliform ali oopsa?

Ofufuzawa komanso anayesedwa madzi a Rio zili mabakiteriya coliform. mabakiteriya izi zonse zopezeka mu ndowe za nyama magazi ofunda, kotero ife tikhoza kuyembekezera kuti iwo alibe zambiri mu madzi ogwiritsidwa ntchito Rio.

Madzi zitsanzo anatengedwa mu June 2016 pa magombe a Copacabana ndi Ipanema zoona, anasonyeza pamlingo wochepa kwambiri mabakiteriya coliform. Mu madzi nyanja, asayansi atulukira iwo 31 okha kuti 85 pa 100 Botolo. Mwa mfundo American, 400 coliforms fecal pa Botolo 100 madzi akhoza vuto kuchuluka kwa akusamba. Komabe, pa miyezi 13 ya kuyesedwa, kukwera chithunzi, ngakhale ofufuza ndi sanatchule zingati.

Kuopseza rotavirus

Komanso, lipoti la limanena kuti Rio magombe ali modetsa nkhawa kuchuluka kwa rotavirus. Madzi kuchokera Copacabana ndi Ipanema zili mamiliyoni 7,22 ndi miliyoni 32,7 pa lita, motero.

Rotavirus ndi chifukwa ambiri matenda akulu gastro-m'mimba mwa ana. Zizindikiro za matenda zikuphatikizapo m'mimba kwambiri, kusanza, kusapeza m'mimba ndi malungo. The World Health Organization mu kusodza ake atsopano zikusonyeza kuti mavairasi awa anaphedwa ana 215.000 osakwana zaka zisanu mpaka 2013. Komabe, akuluakulu wathanzi matenda ndi wofatsa ndipo ngakhale amachititsa zizindikiro.

Kodi kwenikweni likuoneka inu mu madzi a Rio?

Choncho, "teaspoons atatu a madzi" kuti akathyole m'manyuzipepala, atha kuyambitsa matenda, koma izo zikhoza kukhala ngati yoopsa, monga iwo amati pa TV. Mosiyana ndi matenda otentha, vuto lenileni ndi adenoviruses madzi amene amayambitsa matenda ngakhale makamaka lolemera, koma chikhalidwe zovuta.

Ngati ife kulankhula za mlingo wa adenoviruses ofufuza amavomereza kuti ndi mkulu kwambiri kuchuluka. motere tizilombo HIV ndi zodabwitsa kuti mayiko ambiri otukuka, chifukwa iwo mankhwala madzi ogwiritsidwa ntchito. Zoterezi kuchuluka kwa adenoviruses mu madzi zingachititse matenda aakulu ngati mwangozi limalowera mu thupi kudzera pakamwa kapena mphuno.

Komanso, anali kudziŵika kuti alendo ena ndi mpikisanowo, makamaka amene moyo kunja ku dziko la America South, ndi chitetezo chokwanira chofooka kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, poyerekeza ndi anthu a Rio, amene anali atazunguliridwa ndi iwo kuyambira ndili wamng'ono.

Komabe, matenda moona oopsa HIV, monga kolera, kamwazi, malungo typhoid ndi matenda a chiwindi A, pali kawirikawiri. Ndithudi, izi sizitanthauza kuti palibe chiopsezo. Komabe, zotsatira zambiri za kulowa thupi lanu ndi sips ochepa a madzi adzakhala yaikulu kukhumudwa m'mimba kapena kutentha thupi, komabe kutali ndi boma abwino, ngati mukufuna kuswa mbiri dziko.