Malo ozama pa Dziko Lapansi - ndi Mariana ngalande

Dzinali ndi malo akuya mu dziko chifukwa Islands Mariana, yomwe ili pafupi. Izi kwambiri nyanja ufa ili ndi Pacific Ocean, ku dera la kumadzulo. Malo akuya Padziko Lapansi ukufika mamita 10911, m'litali ndi za 2500 makilomita, ndipo m'lifupi - pafupifupi 80 makilomita. Otsetsereka ngodya zake otsetsereka kwambiri a ndingaliro chimachititsa avareji pafupifupi 8 madigiri. pansi lagawidwa m'magawo angapo mathithi. N'zochititsa chidwi kuthamanga pa akuya pafupifupi khumi makilomita mpaka megapascals 109, kuposa nthawi 1.090 yawamba mumlengalenga kuthamanga.

Woyamba amene analimba mtima kufufuza malo ozama pa dziko lapansi, anali ofufuza British. English-oceanographers, asayansi anagwira ntchito zawo mu wotembenuka atatu masted corvette nkhondo "Challenger" mu 1875. The warship anali lidzasinthidwa boti kafukufuku chotengera cha zamoyo nyengo ndi hydrological ntchito. Ndiye nyanja mozama maganizo chimafotokozera kwambiri kwambiri madzi mu mamita 8367. Komabe, mfundo yoyamba yeniyeni zambiri za kuya Mariana ngalande anacititsa yekha mu 1951. Malinga ndi miyezo pakhale malo ovuta kwambiri padziko lapansi wolingana mamita 10.863 wakhala analengeza. Kenako, Mariana ngalande unadziwika ngati "Challenger Nato". Kodi kufufuza Mariana ngalande, asayansi ya Soviet Union. oceanographers wathu, akatswiri mu 1957 anachita kafukufuku wa Mariana ngalande. Chifukwa cha muyeso wa kuya pazipita ufa yofanana ndi mamita 11 022. Komanso, pa ulendo uno anakhazikitsa kuli moyo pa kuya kwa makilomita oposa asanu. Apa anatsutsa analipo pa nthawi mfundo yoti moyo m'nyanja pa akuya 6-7 makilomita zosatheka. Iye anatsogolera kukaona ndiye Aleksey Dmitrievich Dobrovolsky, wotchuka Soviet oceanographer. Zinali ulendo wake wachitatu kwa "Vityaz" ngati mtsogoleri wawo. Mu 1992, "The Knight" anaperekedwa kwa wongokhazikitsidwa Museum wa Ocean World. Pafupifupi zaka ziwiri seagoing chotengera anakonza pa fakitale, ndi July 1994 anawaika pa oyimitsira mu Museum Maritime mzinda wa Kaliningrad.

Malo ozama pa dziko loyamba mu dziko kuwona Don Walsh, msilikali US Navy ndi Zhak Pikar Wofufuzayo wotchuka, oceanographer ku Switzerland, January 23, 1960. Iwo amizidwa mu bathyscaphe oti muli nazo zida "Trieste". Malinga ndi umboni wa zipangizo anaika pa bolodi, Walsh ndi Piccard anatsikira kwa mlingo wa 10 917 meters. wa nthawi madzi anali pafupifupi zisanu maola, ndi kuwuka - maola atatu, nthawi imene mwachindunji pansi pa testers ndi, anakwana mphindi 12 zokha. Komabe, izi nthawi yochepa, zinali zokwanira kupanga zokopa anapeza sayansi: anapeza ofanana plaice lathyathyathya nsomba za 30 masentimita.

A wotchuka Canada wotsogolera ndi screenwriter Dzheyms Kemeron mu March 2012, yatsopano imodzi-seater submersibles kukafika pansi pa ufa ndi Mariinsky anakhala Motero munthu wachitatu mu dziko, atakhala pansi pa za Mariinsky maganizo ndi woyamba kuchita izo zokha. Iye anatsika kuphompho maola oposa awiri ndi theka, anakhala kumeneko kwa maola atatu, ndipo apo pamwamba pa nyanja basi pa ola - mphindi 70.

Asayansi Japanese, oceanographers anatulukira mu 2005 ku mitundu Mariana ngalande khumi sankadziwika kuti sayansi unicellular. Modern zipangizo kwambiri madzi osati pa kuya dziko lonse la kayendedwe ka matupi, sakudziwika kwa sayansi nyama zam'madzi.

Kenako, mtunda kuchokera pamwamba pa nyanja pansi M'mimbamo wa nthawi zonse mwasankha. Amaona kafukufuku zolondola kwambiri imachitika mu 1997 asayansi Japanese. Anasonyeza kuti akuya wa Mariana ngalande - 10 911.4 meters.