Kutalika kwa HimalayasI. HimalayasI - mapiri apamwamba

HimalayasI - mapiri apamwamba mu dziko, dzina Chisansikiriti amatanthauza "malo chisanu moyo." Ili mu Asia South, mapiri alekanitsa m'mayiko a Gangetic kumveka ndi Chitibeta yachonde. Apa ndi wapafupi kwambiri mfundo thambo pa Dziko Lapansi, monga phiri la Everest, chimbuzi (HimalayasI limatchedwa "denga la dziko lapansi"). Iye imatchedwanso ndi dzina lina - phiri la Everest.

phiri zachilengedwe

mapiri Himalaya ndi osiyanasiyana kwambiri zosonyeza Edene. HimalayasI kugona m'dera la m'mayiko asanu: India, Nepal, Bhutan, China ndi Pakistan. M'mapiri anayambitsa atatu mitsinje yaikulu ndi amphamvu kwambiri - Indus, Ganges ndi Brahmaputra. The nyama ndi zomera la Himalaya mwachindunji amadalira nyengo, mvula, mapiri okwera ndi nthaka.

Pakuti mapazi a m'mapiri ozungulira derali lili m'dera lotentha, pamene ayezi lopitirira ndi chisanu lagona pa nsonga ya. ukuwonjezeka pachaka mpweya mu malangizo ochokera West kuti East. Wapadera cholowa zachilengedwe ndi kutalika la Himalaya imvera zosintha chifukwa njira zosiyanasiyana nyengo.

mbali Geological

Himalaya - mapiri Asia South, wopangidwa makamaka a miyala nyanja ndi kusakaniza. Chinthu chapadera mwa phiri otsetsereka ndi transconductance awo ndiponso mapiri monga pachimake kapena lokwera yokutidwa ndi ayezi wosatha ndi chisanu ndi agwilitse malo pafupifupi miliyoni 33 makilomita lalikulu. Himalaya, kutalika kwa nthawi zina ukufika pafupifupi zisanu ndi zinayi makilomita ali wachinyamata poyerekeza ndi ena ambiri wakale machitidwe phiri la Dziko.

Komanso zaka 70 miliyoni zapitazo, mbale Indian ndi akupitirizabe kusuntha ndi chimachititsa kuti mtunda wa millimeters 67 pa chaka, ndipo patadutsa zaka pafupifupi 10 miliyoni, izo kusamukira 1.5 kuchokera ku mbali Asian. Amalalikira ku mawonedwe a pamwamba pa nthaka zimapangitsa chakuti kutalika la Himalaya zikuchulukirachulukira pang'onopang'ono kuwuka za millimeters 5 pa chaka. Chotero zazing'ono koyamba, mu nthawi ndondomeko ndi vlyanie wamphamvu mawu miyala, kuwonjezera, m'dera ndi osakhazikika ndi mfundo zivomerezi maganizo, nthawi zina pamakhala zivomezi.

Himalaya dongosolo mtsinje

HimalayasI ndi wachitatu waukulu miyala ya ayezi ndi chisanu cha dziko pambuyo Antarctica ndi Arctic. Phiri ndi pafupifupi 15,000 oundana, amene ali pafupifupi 12 zikwi makilomita kiyubiki cha madzi abwino. Malo apamwamba okutidwa ndi chipale chofewa chaka chonse. Kutenga kunayambira ku Tibet Indus ndi yaikulu komanso zonse loyenda mtsinje, amene amalowa anthu ambiri ang'onoang'ono. Wasefukira malangizo southwesterly kudutsa India, Pakistan ndi imaphwera m'Nyanja Arabia.

Himalaya, amene kutalika pa mfundo zake apamwamba ukufika pafupifupi 9 Km, yodziwika ndi lalikulu zosiyanasiyana za mtsinje. Magwero chachikulu madzi a Ganges-Brahmaputra beseni ndi Ganges, ndi Brahmaputra ndi Yamuna. Brahmaputra chikugwirizana kwa Ganges ku Bangladesh, ndipo io ikuyenda mu Bay la Bengal.

Mountain Lake

Mwapamwamba Himalaya nyanja Gurudongmar Nyanja mu Sikkim (India), ili pamalo okwera za 5 makilomita. Pafupi la Himalaya pali ambiri nyanja kwabasi, ndipo ambiri mwa ili pa mtunda wa makilomita osakwana 5 pamwamba pa nyanja. Ena nyanja ndi yopatulika mu India. Nepal Tilicho nyanja phiri mitunda padziko Annapurna ndi mmodzi wa apamwamba pa dziko.

Great Himalaya mapiri muli mazanamazana a nyanja wokongola India ndi oyandikana Nepal ndi Tibet. nyanja Himalaya kupereka kukopa wapadera zazikulu phiri mitunda, ambiri a iwo yokutidwa ndi nthano zakale ndi nkhani yosangalatsa.

The yaikulu nyengo

HimalayasI ndi chikoka chachikulu pa mapangidwe nyengo. Iwo obstruct otaya ozizira mphepo youma malangizo kum'mwera, amene amalola kulamulira Asia South nyengo ofunda. Ndimapanga chotchinga chachilengedwe yamvula (kuchititsa rainstorms chaukali), kuteteza m'gulu lawo cha kumpoto. The Sierra n'chofunikira ena mu mapangidwe zipululu Taklamakan ndi Gobi.

Mbali yaikulu ya HimalayasI kugwa pansi zinthu chikoka subequatorial. M'chaka ndi nyengo kasupe ndi otentha kwambiri: kutentha pafupifupi ukufika 35 ° C. Pa nthawi iyi, mvula kubwera nawo wambirimbiri mpweya ku nyanja ya Indian Ocean, kenako imagwera pa malo otsetsereka kum'mwera.

Anthu ndi chikhalidwe la Himalaya

Chifukwa makhalidwe nyengo la Himalaya (mapiri Asia) ali m'malo kumene kulibe anthu ambiri m'madera. Anthu ambiri amakhala otsika lapansi. Ena mwa iwo zapamoyo ndi atsogoleri alendo ndi m'munsili okwera amene amabwera kugonjetsa ena nsonga ya. Mapiri anali chotchinga chachilengedwe kwa zaka masauzande ambiri. Anaimitsa kuloŵerera wa anthu Chinese ndi mbali mkati mwa Asia ndi anthu Indian.

Mafuko ena zochokera mu Himalaya mapiri, ndicho mu North-East India, Sikkim, Nepal, Bhutan, mbali ya West Bengal ndi ena. Only mu Arunachal Pradesh moyo mafuko oposa 80. Himalaya mapiri - mmodzi wa mizinda ikuluikulu kwambiri mu dziko ndi ambiri mitundu zayamba nyama, monga kusaka ndi ntchito otchuka pafupi ndi HimalayasI. Zipembedzo zazikulu ndi Chibuda, Islam ndi Chihindu. Wotchuka Himalaya nthano ndi nkhani ya snowman amene amakhala kwinakwake mu mapiri.

Kutalika la Himalaya

Himalaya adzauka pafupifupi 9 Km pamwamba pa nyanja. Iwo akakhale mtunda wa makilomita pafupifupi 2.4 zikwi ku Indus Valley kumadzulo kwa Brahmaputra Valley kummawa. Ena nsonga amaonedwa wopatulika mwa am'deralo, ndi zambiri Abuda ndi Ahindu kupanga maulendo ku malo amenewa.

Kutalika ambiri mamita Himalaya ndi oundana ukufika 3.2 zikwi. Mountain kukwera, zomwe zinatchuka mu m'ma XIX, wakhala ntchito yaikulu la alendo kwambiri. Mu 1953, Edmund Hillary la New Zealand ndi Sherpa Tenzing Norgay anali woyamba kukwera phiri la Everest (chimbuzi).

Everest: kutalika kwa mapiri (HimalayasI)

Everest, yemwenso amadziwika kuti phiri la Everest, ndi chimbuzi cha dziko. ndi kutalika kwa phiri chiyani? Himalaya, wodziwika ovuta kufikako nsonga, kukopa zikwi alendo, koma cholinga chawo chachikulu - kutalika makilomita phiri la Everest 8.848. Malowa - paradaiso alendo amene simungathe kulingalira moyo wanga popanda chiopsezo ndi kwambiri.

Kutalika la Himalaya amakopeka ambiri okwera mapiri apadziko lonse. Monga ulamuliro, kwambiri luso mavuto ndi kukwera pa maulendo ena sali pamenepo, koma Everest ndi zinadzala ndi ngozi zina zambiri, monga kuopa misanje, kusintha mwadzidzidzi ya nyengo, kusowa mpweya ndi gusts yolimba kwambiri ya mphepo.

Asayansi chimodzimodzi anaika pamwamba pa phiri lililonse osiyanasiyana padziko lapansi. Izi kunatheka pogwiritsa ntchito dongosolo NASA a Kanema polojekiti. Kuyeza chilichonse kutalika phiri, anapeza kuti 10 14 mapiri apamwamba mu dziko ali ku HimalayasI. Aliyense wa mapiri awa a mndandanda wapadera wa "eyiti thousanders". The anagonjetsa zonse nsonga zimenezi akuti pachimake cha ulemerero climber.

mbali Natural pa magulu la Himalaya

Himalaya lowe nkhalango, yomwe ili m'mphepete mwa mapiri otchedwa "Terai" ndi yodziwika ndi zosiyanasiyana zomera. Pano mukhoza kupeza m'nkhalango 5-mita udzu, mitengo ya kanjedza ndi kokonati, Mumapezekanso, ndi m'nkhalango nsungwi. Pa okwera makilomita mamita 400 1.5 ndi Mzere wa nkhalango yonyowa. Komanso mitundu yambiri ya mitengo kukula pano Magnolia, zipatso ndi camphor mlombwa.

Pa mlingo wokwererapo (2.5 km) malo migodi wodzazidwa yobiriwira subtropical ndipo deciduous nkhalango, pali Tingaone Mimosa, mapulo, chitumbuwa, mgoza, thundu, chitumbuwa zakutchire, phiri Moss. nkhalango Coniferous kuwonjezera kwa okwera 4 Km. Pa okwera ichi, mitengo kukhala zing'onozing'ono, m'malo mwa munda zomera mawonekedwe a udzu ndi zitsamba.

Kuyambira 4.5 kuchokera pamwamba pa nyanja ndi HimalayasI zone wosatha ayezi ndi chipale chofewa. Dziko nyama ndi osiyanasiyana. M'madera m'dera lamapiri, mungapeze zimbalangondo, njovu, antelopes, rhinos, anyani, akavalo zakutchire, mbuzi ndi nyama zina zambiri. Apa izo zimapezeka kwambiri a njoka ndi zokwawa, ndi owopsa kwambiri kwa anthu.

HimalayasI - apamwamba mapiri Padziko Lapansi. Chibwenzi pamwamba Dzhomolungma (Everest) wagonjetsa m'ma 1200 nthawi. Kuphatikizapo pa nsonga ya munthu anakwanitsa kufika zaka 60, khumi ndi zitatu wachinyamata, ndipo mu 1998 anapambana pamwamba munthu woyamba olumala.