Kachitidwe mafoni a magulu ankhondo okhala ndi zida (Os WSWS): kutetezedwa ambiri-cholinga opaleshoni dongosolo

Ndithudi zina owerenga ndinaganiza limene opaleshoni dongosolo ntchito mphamvu zathu onyamula. Ndipotu ife tonse kumvetsa kuti sungathe pa machitidwe aliyense chida ntchito nkhondowo, kuima Windows. Today ife kuulula chophimba mwachinsinsi pang'ono ndi kulankhula za Os WSWS. Izi otchedwa Mobile ka Asilikali onyamula zida. Za ukulu wa dzina lake ati, koma mmene anakonza ambiri, ife tinena.

Maziko a THE

Woyamba i kompyuta dongosolo chitetezo anali kukonza mu mochedwa 60 ntchentche Mu zaka zapitazo. Cha m'ma 80s mu United States zonse zimenezi asonkhanitsa mu chikalata umodzi. Choncho anabadwa "Orange Book," Utumiki wa chitetezo - woyamba kompyuta dongosolo chitetezo muyeso. Zotsatirazi zikalata ofanana anaonekera mu mayiko a ku Ulaya ndi Canada. Mu 2005, zochokera iwo anawakonzera ISO muyezo chitetezo mayiko / IEC 15408 "i General chitetezo."

Mu Russia, kuphunzira ofanana amachitika 22 TH Institute kwa Utumiki wa silikhali Research Central. Mapeto anali ndi nthenda yotaya chitukuko mu 2002 Os WSWS mu onyamula Mphamvu Russian. Zosinthika dziko muyezo zochokera ISO / IEC amafuna anavomerezedwa mu 2008.

Chifukwa usilikali ali Os yake

Opaleshoni dongosolo, amene timagwiritsa ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku, si abwino ntchito mabungwe a boma pa magawo chitetezo. State Commission zaumisiri pansi mutsogoleli wa boma latsopano la Russia liyenera iwo motere:

• Information ayenera kutetezedwa mwayi wosaloleka, mkati ndi kunja.
• dongosolo ayenera mulibe mbali iliyonse undocumented, mwa kulankhula kwina, palibe "Isitala mazira" Mpambo wa opaleshoni dongosolo sayenera.

Komanso, opaleshoni dongosolo otetezeka ayenera Mipikisano mlingo dongosolo masanjidwe ndi mwayi kuti anagawa ntchito zaboma.

Choncho, ntchito kupanga apadera chatsekedwa Os si zazing'ono ngati zikuoneka pa koyamba. Kupanda mbali undocumented zikusonyeza kuti gwero malamulo ndi malongosoledwe luso njira zonse zikugwira ntchito adzakhala bwinobwino kuyezedwa ndi ulamuliro chosonyeza. Ndipo ichi - m'dera zinsinsi malonda makampani, eni nzeru katundu kapena kutukula. chododometsa Izi zimapangitsa maso kutembenukira kwa lotseguka Os, chifukwa kuti mokwanira luso zolembedwa kwa mapulogalamu kampani ndi sizingatheke.

zofunika GOST

FSTEC ngati utumiki udindo chitetezo mudziwe kudutsa dziko, anakhazikitsa kulekana wa opaleshoni dongosolo pa mlingo wa chitetezo cha mfundo kukonzedwa. Pakuti mayiko, deta onse limafotokozedwa mwachidule mu tebulo limodzi.

Tebulo akuonetsa kuti zingapo zofunika, anapereka magulu atatu ndi makalasi zisanu ndi zinayi za chitetezo ndi mwayi wosaloleka, ndipo iwo amapangidwa kugawanika zina yopemphera kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zachinsinsi.

The Linux ofotokoza

Kodi ndi yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito Linux, amene wofunitsitsa kutenga utumiki wa zida boma? Ndipotu, ambiri owerenga wamba kumuopa, mdierekezi amaopa madzi woyera. Dziwani izi. Kuyamba amamvetsera laisensi imene anagawira "Linux". Izi otchedwa GPL2 - chilengedwe anthu, kapena mfulu chilolezo. Aliyense atha kutenga gwero malamulo ndi mfundo imeneyi kulenga wanu mankhwala. M'mawu ena, palibe amene kazivutitsa kutenga bwino Linux distributions ndi ntchito iwo kukhala otetezeka awo opaleshoni dongosolo.

World zinachitikira boma limasonyeza kuti kusintha kwa pulogalamu ufulu zimachitika kulikonse, lingaliro zikufunika ndi n'chofunikira kwathunthu. Mayiko atongi wa dziko monga USA, Germany, Japan ndi ikuyandikira mofulumira iwo, China ndi India, zikukangalika ntchito Linux mu gossfere ndi maphunziro.

World Socialist Web Site ndi nkhani zake

Kachitidwe mafoni ya zachitetezo 3,0 wachita asilikali zaka khumi ndi zisanu, tsopano m'malo mwa mankhwala changwiro choposa, koma tikhoza kuyang'ana "pansi pa nyumba" Mwamunayu. Choncho, Intaneti opaleshoni dongosolo kuti ntchito mu mode oswerera angapo ntchito mawonekedwe wosuta mawonekedwe. Anathandiza hardware nsanja:

• Intel.

• SPAPC / "Elbrus".

• MIPS.

• IBM System / 390.

Bukuli lili pa Linux distributions bwino panthawiyo. Ambiri mwa zigawo za dongosolo anali anaitenga ku RedHat Linux ndi recompiled ndi zofunika kwa Utumiki wa chitetezo. M'mawu ena, dongosolo mafoni a magulu ankhondo okhala ndi zida ndi rpm-Linux yogawa ndi ntchito zonse zokhudzana ndi zida chitukuko.

Support kachitidwe file ndi kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma, koma popeza ambiri a iwo kale ndiye kuti nambala imeneyi si yovuta.

Baibulo WSWS

Ngakhale kuti dongosolo maukonde ntchito, alibe chilichonse Linux owerenga bwino mapulogalamu repositories. mapulogalamu onse akubwera pa ma CD unsembe. alionse amene ntchito m'dziko lino, poyamba kuti mbiri yabwino ndi unduna wa chitetezo. Ndipo popeza si zimatenga kudya, zaka zonse khumi ndi zisanu ntchito linatulutsidwa owerengeka Mabaibulo ndi kusintha kwa iwo.

The mapulogalamu a WSWS ndi Institute Onse-Russian Research wa Control zokha m'munda mafakitale. Pa webusaiti chake chauneneri mungapeze mfundo za Mabaibulo a WSWS, amene anathandiza pa nthawiyo ndaika zikalata chitetezo ku Unduna wa chitetezo.

Kachitidwe mafoni a nkhondo atakonzekera 2017 ukufanizidwa ndi zogwiriziza awiri khamulo kuti:

• WSWS Os 3,0 flirey 80001-12 (kusintha nambala 4).

• WSWS Os 3,0 flirey 80001-12 (kusintha nambala 6).

Version 5.0, yomwe ili pa webusaiti VNIINS yotani ndi chitetezo DoD, koma mwalamulo kupereka asilikali ndipo sakuvomereza.

wolowa mmalo mwa WSWS

Wina Os otetezeka, umene umayamba mmalo mwa wina wanu wakale ndi zaka theka la WSWS, anali Os Astra Linux. Mosiyana ndi kuloŵedwa m'malo, amene analandira okha kalata chitetezo ku Unduna wa silikhali, "Astra" analandira zikalata zonse zotheka mu Russia, ndi kuti zikalata kuchokera Kuteteza Utumiki FSB ndi FSTEC. Chifukwa cha ichi angagwiritsidwe ntchito matupi onse, ndipo pali Mabaibulo angapo, ndinazolowera nsanja osiyana hardware, zina amawapatsa kuchuluka kwa tanthauzo lake. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, tingathe pamodzi pansi pa ulamuliro wake onse zipangizo - kuchokera m'manja kuti hardware n'kupuma Seva.

Astra Linux ndi zapamwamba Linux-yogawa zochokera deb-phukusi, limagwiritsa ntchito Baibulo atsopano a ngale ndi mapulogalamu zogwirizana. Mndandanda wa mapurosesa imayendetsedwa ndi mapangidwe awo komanso anawonjezera kuti monga ziwembu ano. Mndandanda wa mwalamulo anaifalitsa amalola kuyembekezera bwino pulogalamuyo osachepera gossfere ndi makampani chitetezo.

pomaliza

M'nkhani ino tinakambirana za WSWS Os - waukulu opaleshoni dongosolo la RF onyamula Mphamvu, anatumikira mokhulupirika "mu utumiki" kwa zaka 15 ndipo akadali ili pa "mzere wa ntchito". Komanso posachedwapa kufotokoza m'malo ake. Mwina ena owerenga athu adzakankha kuwona chimene Linux, ndi kupanga mankhwala maganizo osakondera.