Kusambira dziwe anapanga konkire ndi manja awo: malangizo ndi zithunzi

Chilimwe maholide dziko, zida ndi dziwe losambira, ndi maulendo angapo okoma ndi athanzi. Komabe, imatipatsa kukhazikitsa zokha simungathe aliyense, chifukwa ntchito oyenera si wotchipa. N'chifukwa chake ambiri mwa eni nyumba ntchito kukhala okhutira ndi chabe shawa chilimwe, kutsanzika chakuti ndi mwayi kusambira pabwalo yake - ndi payipi maloto.

Ndipotu, kumanga dziwe konkire ndi manja awo ndi wosavuta, inu zogula popanga zipangizo, ndi kukhala angapo athandizi kuti ili yofunika kwambiri mu ndondomeko kukumba dzenje ndi kutsanulira konkire. Koma mmene nanga ndondomeko kuchita zimenezi, tikambirana nkhani.

ntchito kukonzekera

Musanayambe kumanga dziwe konkire ndi manja awo, m'pofunika kudziwa malo malo ndi miyeso ya kapangidwe ndi. Apa m'pofunika kuganizira mfundo yakuti wamkulu kuya ndipo m'lifupi wamkulu kufunika ndalama zomangira.

Ngati mukufuna kukhala mu dziwe anali asavutike ngati n'kotheka anapezazo ndi yomanga analimbikitsa lagona pa mfundo zotsatirazi:

• Munthu wamkulu akhoza bwinobwino kusambira, osachepera dziwe akuya akhale mamita 1.5, kutalika - pafupifupi 5 mamita. Kodi mayendedwe ambiri pa nthawi yomweyo izo - kusankha yekha mwini, koma m'lifupi osachepera akhale 1.5 mamita.
• Mu dongosolo la makoma mbali ndi dongosolo pansi limatenga 0.5 mita m'lifupi ndi kuzama mwa dzenje, kotero kuwerengetsera analimbikitsa kuganizira malire izi.

Kwa omwe sangathe n'komwe m'mene tingamangire dziwe simenti ndi manja awo, sitepe ndi sitepe kalozera adzakuthandizani kudziwa ndondomeko ya ntchito.

Pasadakhale ayenera kudziwa mtundu wa dziwe malo. Iwo akhoza kwathunthu recessed kapena protrude pang'ono pamwamba pa nthaka.

Ngati zinachitikira kukumangirani inu yaing'ono, ndi bwino akonzekeretse dziwe yosavuta njira yolondola. mbale amakona anayi Pankhaniyi adzakhala yabwino yothetsera.

Musaiwale kuti, kuwonjezera pa malo kusambira, m'pofunika akonzekeretse malo kuti achire ndi ngalande unsembe (Zosefera, heaters, etc. etc.). Kuti tichite zimenezi, anakumba dzenje yaing'ono (a pang'ono zakuya pachimake pa mbale).

Posankha malo dziwe, kulabadira malo kuya a pansi pa. Ikani mbale ayenera kukhala mu malo ouma m'dera limene mitengo osachepera (deciduous kusadziipitsa madzi).

Zida ndi zipangizo

Choncho, pamene polojekiti wapangidwa dziwe tsogolo ndi malo kumanga izo, nthawi kuyamba zogula zipangizo ndi kukonza zipangizo zonse zofunikira.

Kuti dziwe ndi manja awo (konkire) muyenera:

• simenti (ntchito mankhwala zolinga zaikidwa 500 ndi 600);
• tchipisi mwala (kachigawo pakati);
• mchenga;
• zipangizo kumatira;
• geotextiles;
• zovekera ndi mauna zitsulo;
• matabwa ndi matabwa (kulenga formwork);
• sander;
• simenti chosakanizira;
• chida kumangidwa zolimba.

Pamene zipangizo zonse zidaperedwa kwa zomangamanga, mukhoza kuyamba ntchito.

Roy dzenje

Earthworks - choyamba komanso chofunika nthawi yambiri sitepe, popanda zomwe n'zosatheka kumanga dziwe losambira ndi manja awo mu konkire. Sitepe ndi sitepe malangizo kwa nyengo imeneyi motere:

1. Chongani pa nthaka. Pamodzi ndi kukafika kutsogolo kwa tsogolo la dzenje anapereka zitalizitali limene kukoka zingwe.
2. Chodetsa kunja kwa mpanda wa dziwe, ndi m'lifupi ndi kutalika kwa mphika ayenera zidzawonjezedwa pafupifupi 80 cm. Malire Izi kubwera imathandiza pa dongosolo la formwork ndi spacers.
3. Pamene maphunziro a amalembedwa, mungathe kuyamba yomanga. Ntchito mu ndondomeko ya makoma yomanga musati kutha, iwo anapangidwa ndi otsetsereka pang'ono (pafupifupi 5 madigiri).
4. Ngati zida apadera inaswedwa, ndi kuyeretsa komaliza pansi ayenera kuyendetsedwa ndi dzanja (fosholo) ntchito nthaka.

kukonzekera gawo lapansi

A mbale pansi - mbali yofunika kwambiri ya dongosolo lonse, lomwe ndi katundu pazipita. Choncho, makonzedwe ake, kupereka ulemu wapadera kwa kupanga dziwe ndi manja awo (a simenti). Kumatira ndi zofunda kongoletsani mphamvu zina kwa mbale pansi ndi zokulitsa moyo ambiri mbale.

Pa nthawi imeneyi, ntchito zotsatirazi:

1. Pansi pa dzenje ndi anakumba ngalande kutsogolera kudzenje. Iwo anaika paipi kukhetsa. Ngati m'dera dziwe ndi opondapo, chubu angakhale ang'ono, ndi bwino kuganizira bere angapo. Iwo anaika ndi maganizo kwa dzenje (ndingaliro ya mamilimita 10 pa kutalika mita a chubu).
2. Pansi pa dzenje ndi angaimbidwenso ndi tikaumbike.
3. Pofuna kupewa akulimbana za mbale pansi, pansi pa dziwe tsogolo strew geotextiles. Overlapped ukonde zinthu za masentimita 20.
4. Pamwamba pa zinthu geotextile kumatira. denga anamva kapena filimu pulasitiki angagwiritsidwe ntchito zolinga zimenezi. Kumatira zakhala zikuzunza m'miyoyo mu zigawo 2, n'kupanga pafupi alipo -. 15 masentimita m'mbali mwa zinthu denga ayenera kugona pa mbali makoma 20 cm.
5. Konzekerani ndi pansi pa dzenje anatsanulira mchenga ndi wolapa thumba mwala ngalande. m'lifupi ayenera kukhala osachepera 20 cm. miyala zingagwiritsidwe ntchito m'malo mwa miyala. Zofunda angaimbidwenso, komanso ting'onoting'ono basi ndi kukhetsa madzi.

Kupanga ikuthandizira mauna

A mbale pansi analimbikitsa kuchuluka kukula (20-40 masentimita onse kuposa mbale). Izi kulenga kukana pansi chikusuntha kupanga apamwamba ndi yokhalitsa dziwe konkire ndi manja awo. masiteji:

1. Kukafika kutsogolo lonse la pansi pa formwork dzenje anapereka otsika okwera, ndi kupitirira kwa armature mating. ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito zitsulo ndodo ndi awiri a 12-14 mamilimita kwa chilengedwe cha zolimba stacks. Pakuti maiwe kwambiri akhoza kutenga makulidwe zakuthupi. Mtunda pakati pa zitsulo zosiyanasiyana mkati 10-50 cm (yopingasa).
2. M'munda wa motsatana ndi mbali yokhota kumapeto valavu ntchito ndi awiri 10 mm. Mu sitepe ayenera kuchepetsedwa kuti kupereka dongosolo mphamvu zokwanira.
3. Ngati mbale makulidwe uli mkati masentimita 20, ikuthandizira nyama kutalika ayenera kukhala osachepera 10 cm.
4. Kuti chimango yopingasa anali pakati pa screed konkire, izo pamwamba pa midadada (5 masentimita wandiweyani).
5. Oika zolimba mipiringidzo ili kukafika kutsogolo kwa gululi pa, akuyesetsa pa madigiri 90, mopitilira Muwamange ofukula zolimba mipiringidzo.
6. Pofuna kupewa dzimbiri wa zolimba TACHIMATA ndi nyumba wapadera zozitetezera. Kwambiri chifukwa cha ichi abwino polima utoto, omwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito mankhwala mu zigawo zingapo.

Lembani pansi konkire dziwe

Kumanga thamanda la konkire ndi manja awo, muyenera kwambiri wa njira. Ngati ndalama kulola - bwino kuyitanitsa zopangapanga simenti, umene udzabweretse inu malo mu makina wapadera. Kuti apange ndalama anakhumba akhoza eni njira ndi powonjezera wapadera zina madzi sangalowe zomwe kupereka mphamvu zina mankhwala.

Kupanga dziwe losambira ndi manja awo auzidwa mu dziko, tiyenera kukumbukira kuti tsinde ayenera kudzaza mu tsiku lina, pansi kunapezeka amphamvu monolithic slab. Mu ndondomeko ya kuponya pansi slab njira ayenera kubaya ndodo matabwa kumasula mpweya anapeza pansi.

Pamene konkire lidzadzaza msinkhu anakhumba, pansi pa dziwe ali ndi zojambulazo ndi kumanzere kuti ziume kwa masiku 10. Ngati nyengo kunja ndi otentha, njira ndi nthawi moisten ndi madzi kuthetsa kuthekera akulimbana.

Kupanga makoma

Pakuti maiwe ang'onoang'ono amene capacitance si upambana 15 cubes akonzekeretse khoma makulidwe a masentimita 20. Kuganizira chithunzi ichi, anayamba kumanga ndi ofukula formwork ikuthandizira mauna.

Kupanga dziwe ndi manja awo (konkire), ikuthandizira chimango amapangidwa m'njira mofanana mbale pansi. ndege ake anatsanulira makulidwe konkire masentimita 50. ndodo ofukula khoma Ufumuyo chimango ndi yotundumukira kunja kwa mpanda Prouty pansi ikuthandizira wosanjikiza.

Pafupi khoma wokwera zinthu zonse zofunikira: mipope zokhazikapo kuunikira ndi Kulumikizana trays.

Pa mbali zonse za chimango chifukwa anapereka timbering. Iwo akhoza anasonkhana ku nkhani iliyonse nkhuni si n'kakang'ono kuposa 2 cm. The kubwerera anapereka kuchokera kunja ndi mkati mwa dongosolo matabwa, amene sadzalola makoma kukhotetsa pansi kuthamanga konkire.

Kutsimikiza kuti chimango malinga ndi cholimba kwambiri, mungathe kuyamba kudzaza ndi konkire. Ntchito anagwiritsanso mu tsiku lina. Nthawi yomaliza solidification makoma zimadalira nyengo ndi kungakhale kwa masiku 10 mpaka 30.

ntchito kuwamaliza

Monga mmene taonera, simenti dziwe ndi manja awo kuti amange si zovuta. Kumene, ndondomeko ndi nthawi ndithu kudya, koma malo a chidziwitso chapadera aphunzitseni si chofunika.

Pa nthawi imeneyi, ntchito yovuta kwambiri ku mapeto. Tsopano muyenera zoteteza chithandizo mbale.

Pambuyo kuchotsa makoma formwork pulasitala. Koma kuti pali atathana kupaka pulasitala mauna. Ntchito ikuchitika ntchito simenti-mchenga matope (mu chiŵerengero cha 1: 2) ndi Kuwonjezera wa lalabala ndi zina microfiber. Mpanda TACHIMATA yunifolomu wosanjikiza pulasitala ndi kusiya kuti ziume.

Pamene zauma mokwanira, mukhoza chitani unsembe wa mindandanda yamasewera kuunikira, nozzles ndi kuda pansi.

Kumaliza ndondomeko zomangamanga, wamkati khoma pamwamba ndi impregnated ndi kumatira madzi. Ngati pansi ali pafupi kwambiri, nyemba ndi chisanadze mankhwala phunziroli. Kunja kumatira ikuchitika mwa kusakaniza kapena zipangizo madzi. Yomanga imeneyi ndi pa dziwe, ndipo eni mukhoza kuyamba zokongoletsa izo.

A dziwe losambira ndi manja awo auzidwa mu chipinda

Posachedwapa maiwe zakonzedwa osati kunja, komanso mkati nyumba. A ambiri zing'onozing'ono payekha zili ndi zipinda nthunzi, mutapita kwa ngati kusambira zotsitsimutsa ndi analumphira mu ozizira dziwe la madzi. N'chifukwa chake Ndikufuna payokha mmene kumanga ndi dziwe losambira ndi manja awo (konkire) mu kusamba.

Ndipotu ndondomeko ya kumanga thamanda mu chipinda si losiyana kwa njira pamwambapa. Kusiyana kofunika lagona chokha chakuti dzenje ndi ndizofunikira kukokera panja pa siteji ya nyumba. Pankhaniyi, zinapangitsa maziko konkire yakwera chikho mu dzenje okonzeka.

Ngati maziko a nyumba ndi mphamvu zokwanira komanso chozama, n'zotheka tinyamuke dziwe kale mu nyumba watha, koma apa m'pofunika kusamala kwambiri. Ngati pansi ili pafupi kwambiri kunyumba, iwo akhoza kuchepetsa maziko ake, kuti adzatsogolera mavuto aakulu.

Komanso, kudziwa kuti dziwe khoma Mulimonsemo sayenera kukhudza makoma a nyumbayi, monga madzi, nkhawa kwambili padziko lonse loyandikira la thamanda la zikhoza ming'alu. Choncho ndi bwino kusiya kusiyana yaing'ono, wodzala ndi thovu kapena mchenga.

Kukongoletsa liza dziwe

Pomaliza nkhani imeneyi, limachitira njira yotchuka kwambiri ya kumaliza maiwe - akukumana matailosi. chophimba ichi khoma imatengedwa kwambiri aesthetically zokondweretsa, ukhondo ndi zothandiza. Choncho ngati mwaganiza kumanga dziwe losambira ndi manja awo mu konkire ndi matailosi, dziwani kuti Mapeto ndithu kusangalatsa inu.

Koma ngati matailosi zonse maiwe kusambira? Tiyeni tione zimene ndendende ayenera kupeza zipangizo kwa cholinga ichi.

1. Posankha matailosi kwa dziwe, muyenera amakonda mankhwala ndi makhalidwe mkulu madzi kufumbwa.
2. Samalani wapadera kumbuyo kwa mankhwala. Kuyenera roughened ndi grooves antislip. matailosi Izi akhalitse padziko.
3. Pakuti kuika matailosi mu dziwe ayenera anasankha yekha madzi ulimbo.
4. Grouting imagwiridwa ntchito mankhwala titaniyamu amene ali kugonjetsedwa ndi chinyezi ndipo musati kupanga nkhungu.

mankhwala makongoletsedwe anapanga padziko pulasitala. Woyeretsedwa fumbi khoma topaka ngakhale wosanjikiza zomatira, kenako litakhazi- mbamuikha matailosi. Motero anaika beseni lonse.

Pambuyo atayanika zomatira mfundo triturated madzi grout. Mu stepi ino, dziwe ndi wokonzeka ntchito.

M'nkhani ino ife tayesera kulongosola mwatsatanetsatane mmene kumanga dziwe konkire ndi manja awo. Photo ena masitepe kukuthandizani kuti muone ndondomeko yomanga ndi kuwunika mlingo wa Kuvuta ntchito.

Onani kuti pomanga dziwe sikuthandiza kupulumutsa nkhani m'munsi, monga mu nkhani iyi, inu tikungotaya ndalama, nthawi ndi mphamvu zawo. Tikukhulupirira ife anayankha mafunso anu onse za nkhaniyi. zabwino zonse.