The mizu ya mkungudza. makamaka conifers

Pine ndi lofunika kwambiri conifers, ndithu ambiri m'dziko lathu. Yobiriwira mtengo - yathu nthawi zonse. Ndife kuyambira ali mwana ntchito powona pa Hava Chaka Chatsopano kunyumba, nthawi zonse kununkhira kwake kodabwitsa. Inde, mu nkhalango nthandala chogwidwa mitengo makamaka pine. M'mikhalidwe yabwino, iwo nakwaniritsa kutalika mamita makumi anai. Koma nthawi zina ngakhale mtengo zana zakubadwa woletsa osakula nyenyezi yaing'ono. zomera ndi kuwala kwambiri. Iwo akhoza bwinobwino amati ndi nthawi yaitali.

Kufotokozera paini

mtengo ukufika mamita makumi anai msinkhu. Adzaupereka kwa zomera za kukula choyamba. circumference a mbiya angafikire mita imodzi. makungwa Pine ndi pabuka-zofiirira ndi mizere mbali lotayirira. Patsinde pa mtengo uli thicker kuposa pamwamba. Nature cholandiridwa zolinga kumbuyo. Wandiweyani paini makungwa pansi limateteza izo kuchokera kutenthedwa pa moto.

Young zomera ali ndi mawonekedwe conical korona. Kukula, izo krugleet amakhala timapangira ndipo amapeza mtengo okalamba umbellate kapena mawonekedwe mosabisa. masingano Pine amakhala bluish-wobiriwira mtundu. Akuimira matabwa, wopangidwa mwa masingano awiri. Iwo zili mu nthambi. masingano prickly kwambiri ndi zisonga, pang'ono flattened, ndi wochepa thupi kotenga Mzere. Masingano moyo kwa zaka zitatu. M'dzinja izo pang'ono n'kugwa. Nthawi zambiri kumachitika mu September. Masingano pamaso likukhalira chikasu, kupanga paini amakhala maonekedwe akuda.

cones paini

paini kufotokoza chingakhale chosakwanira popanda kutchula kwa cones ndi. Iwo zili mwina mmodzi kapena awiri kapena atatu a iwo pa miyendo, akuyang'ana pansi. Green paini chulucho ali phirilo mawonekedwe ndi mdima mtundu wobiriwira. Nthawi zina n'zotheka, ndi zofiirira. Izo zinali kokha chaka chachiwiri izo kukula, kupeza Brown kapena zofiirira. Kutalika kwa cones ndi zimasiyanasiyana masentimita 3 mpaka 6, ndipo m'lifupi mwake masentimita 2-3.

moyo wake akuyamba ndi mapangidwe yaing'ono wofiira mpira. Izi Ndisanaumbidwe pine. Zikuoneka mu kasupe mochedwa, nthawi imene mtengo akuyamba kukula mphukira ku masamba a. Choyamba, iwo alibe masingano, ndi pa apices awo inali mazira cones.

tokhala zonse m'chilimwe ndi kukula ndi kufika ya nyundo ndi zobiriwira kukula kwa mtola a. Choncho amakhalabe mu yozizira. Ndipo mkubwela kwa kasupe ayamba kukhala. Pofika kumapeto kwa dzinja mtanda umalandira kukula wamkulu. Ndipo yozizira lotsatira lidzakhala bulauni, kucha, koma sizinathe anatsegula. mamba zake ikuchitikira mwamphamvu, kotero paini mbewu zina sagona mokwanira. Ndipo kuyamba ndondomeko iyi kufikira masika lachitatu pamene chisanu chimasungunula. Cones anayamba youma dzuwa, chifukwa mamba lotseguka, ndi mbewu mapiko a paini masamba kwawo.

Mu m'nkhalango kusiyanitsa cones aamuna ndi aakazi. Iwo zili m'malo osiyanasiyana. Akazi pa nsonga zanthete, ndi amuna - za zapansi awo. Kotero izo zinali wamwamuna mungu mungu akazi awo. Umuna kumachitika pokhapokha chaka. nthawi yonseyi umuna, kumenya pa phirilo wamkazi, ndi matalala.

Kapangidwe ka paini ndi

Ndipotu, kapangidwe ka paini ndi zofanana ndi za mtengo wina uliwonse. Iwo ali thunthu, mizu, nthambi ndi singano. chidwi ayenera kukhala mizu ya mkungudza. Panopa, pali mitundu inayi ya kachitidwe muzu :

• Wamphamvu, chomwe ndi taproot kwambiri anayamba ndi angapo mbali, ndilo lililonse kwa dothi chatsanulidwa.
• Wamphamvu ndodo ndi ofooka, koma amphamvu mizu lateral kuti kukula kufanana pansi. chimake ndi zina kwa dothi louma ndi akuya madzi pansi.
• Ofooka, wopangidwa yekha wamfupi nthambi njira. paini izi zimapezeka mu muzu wa chithaphwi ndi malo theka bog.
• Losaya, koma zokwanira dongosolo wandiweyani mizu mwa mawonekedwe a burashi khalidwe la nthaka olimba.

The mizu ya paini zimadalira kapangidwe ndi chikhalidwe cha nthaka imene mtengo wamango. Tsamba mawonekedwe kuvumbitsira paini wapatali kwambiri. Iwo amapereka kuthekera kwa ntchito mitengo yokumba kwa afforestation. Pine anabzala achinyontho, youma komanso m'mayiko zosafunika. Onani kuti paini muzu kumayamba kukula pa kutentha kuposa madigiri atatu. Iwo likulowerera kuti akuya masentimita 230-250, ndipo mu zaka zoyambirira za moyo ikukula mofulumira. Kwa zaka makumi atatu mizu kufika kukula awo pazipita ndi kuya pazipita. Komanso pali kuwonjezeka kachulukidwe njira pamwamba. Horizontally mu madera osiyana, iwo kukula ndi mamita khumi ndi awiri. Kuzipenya zikusonyeza kuti akuya mizu paini umalowa mu lumen wa kumanzere ku zowola za mizu ya mitengo ina. Malinga ndi gulu akalola ukusunthira pansi Magulu lonse la zanthete.

paini mtengo thunthu

Pine, kukula mu nthandala wandiweyani, izo si yosalala ndi wochepa thunthu popanda mfundo. Mu kakwamba osowa zikhalidwe za mtengo danga limakula zochepa mkulu ndi zambiri gnarled thunthu. Makungwa pa madera osiyana a paini ali mumtundu ndi makulidwe. Pansi pa mtengo ndi wakuda ndi pabuka-bulauni, ndi pakati ndipo pamwamba - lachikasu yofiira mtundu ndi wosakhwima ukuchoka othandiza magazi kuundana.

Pamene kukula conifer?

Ngati ife kulankhula za mmene ndi mochuluka bwanji kukula paini, tisaiwale kuwonjezeka kwambiri mu msinkhu amapezeka mmasate lapansi. Ndipo kwa zaka makumi asanu ndi atatu mtengo ukufika mamita atatu.

Ambiri a mitengo ya paini - mofulumira kukula. Pa zaka 5 mpaka 10, iwo mwakula chaka ndi masentimita 30 mpaka 60. Ndiye kuonjezera chaka angafikire mita imodzi m'mikhalidwe yabwino. Komanso, kuyambira azaka 30 mpaka 50, paini osati kukula msinkhu monga kukula makulidwe lake. Choncho, kuchuluka ikukula paini? Coniferous mitengo - azaka zoposa. Pafupifupi iwo moyo zaka 150 kapena 300. Kodi izo kanjedza chidwi?

Pine korona

Mawonekedwe a korona wa paini mu nkhalango zimatengera makamaka zaka. mitengo Young ndi mawonekedwe conical. Ndiye pang'onopang'ono mutates ndipo amakhala ukalamba umbellate.

Mwachibadwa, pa nthambi za mtengo anakonza mu tiers. Pa aliyense wa iwo pa mlingo chomwecho mu zipani kusagwirizana pa nthambi anayi kapena asanu. Izi otchedwa whorls. Ndi njira yatsopano chaka. Komabe, zaka mfundo imeneyi sangathe mtima, koma zomera achinyamata, chifukwa cha zaka, monga ulamuliro, ndi tiers m'munsi kufa ndi kuwasandutsa nthambi.

kukula paini

Nthano Chinese limanena kuti paini ndi - ndi mtengo zamatsenga zimene amayendetsa kutali choyipa, ndi kumabweretsa chimwemwe kwa anthu. Ndipo chifukwa ankafika awo pafupi ndi nyumba kumaimira moyo wautali ndi wotukuka. Ndipo musaope mtengo kukula, chifukwa pali wamtali paini mitengo, ndiponso pali kukongoletsa, mitundu nyenyezi yaing'ono. Mukhoza kusankha njira anakhumba, ngati n'koyenera.

Kubzala paini mtengo

Posankha zomera, muyenera kumvetsera mwatcheru zimene zikuwoneka ngati dongosolo muzu wa m'nkhalango, ngati chawonongeka, ngati pali dothi kumugenda. Zonse izi ndi zofunika kwambiri. Pambuyo Thirani paini ndi zovuta mbewu yokha. The kuwonongeka zochepa, kosavuta komanso mofulumira mizu mtengo. Tikufuna kutsindika kuti kumuika sayenera akhale wamkulu kuposa zaka zisanu. Wamkulu zomera bwino kumuika m'nyengo yozizira ndi kumugenda a dziko lapansi.

Nthawi zambiri, pali nthawi awiri pamene n'zotheka kudzala conifers:

• Spring - April ndipo May.
• Oyambirira yophukira - August-September.

Kodi paini ndi kumuika? Choyamba, kukonzekera kuti mita dzenje lakuya. Ngati ndinu wotsimikiza kuti nthaka pabwalo anu ndi katundu, ndi bwino pamaso kubzala kupanga ngalande ndi kuthira mu pansi miyala ndi mchenga (wosanjikiza makulidwe ayenera 20 cm). Ndi bwino kudzaza dzenje kubzala ndi osakaniza nthaka yachonde ndi kuwaika mchenga, kuwonjezera NPK. Pamene nthaka acidic ayenera kukhala wa magalamu 200 a slaked laimu.

Pa kupatsidwa zina n'kofunika kuti kuwononga mizu ya mitengo ya paini. mozama kubzala ayenera kukhala wotero kuti muzu kolala ndi pamwamba pa nthaka. Ngati mukufuna kudzala mbewu zambiri kuposa wina, ndi gulu lonse, mitengo asungidwe patali zolondola. Apa m'pofunika kuganizira kukula kwa mitengo m'tsogolo. Ngati ndi lalikulu paini mtengo, ndipo mtunda akhale wamkulu, ngati zomera ili nyenyezi yaing'ono, n'zotheka kuchepetsa patali. Pafupifupi pakati pa mitengo ya paini kupereka mtunda wa mamita chimodzi ndi theka, ndi inayi. Ndi yoyenera paini kubzala mwamsanga mizu ndipo sakhala odwala. mbande ambiri achinyamata m'malo modekha kulekerera ndi kumuika. Koma msinkhu, ndondomeko amakhala zopweteka kwambiri.

Kodi wosamalira mitengo ya paini?

Pine - ndi conifer wokongola. Kuwonjezera kukongola, ntchito zake zofunika kwambiri ndi kuphweka. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mtengo safunikira chisamaliro amphamvu. Komabe, mu zaka zoyambirira awiri pambuyo kumuika pa n'zomveka kuti apange feteleza. Kenako, kudya sangabereke. masingano Opavshuyu konse kutuluka, ndipamene mphasa pansi pa mtengo. Iwo adzamanga Chakudyacho organic zofunika kukula bwinobwino.

Pines - mitengo chilala zosagwira ndi kuthirira chifukwa iwo safuna. Humidify muyenera mbande ndi mitengo achinyamata. Koma conifers sindimakonda madzi. mitundu ngakhale madzi zosagwira kulekerera awiri kapena atatu kuthirira nyengo. zomera wamkulu madzi safuna. Iwo kulekerera osati kutentha kwa chilimwe, koma yozizira ozizira. zomera Young akudwala cheza kutentha kwa dzuwa. Pofuna kupewa mavuto amenewo, iwo ataphimbidwa ndi nthambi spruce kapena pritenyayut. Pogona akhoza kuchotsedwa m'ma April.

kuswana Features

mitengo Pine akhoza kukhala wamkulu kwa mbewu, koma mitundu kukongoletsa amakonzedwa mwa Katemera. Cuttings zomera musati kubereka. Kuti mbewu ku cones, iwo akusowa youma bwino, mwachitsanzo pa batire la. Posachedwa masamba ayamba crackle ndi kumuchitikira. Mbewu mosavuta kuwafika. Bzalani iwo mu mabokosi yaing'ono. Pansi anagona ngalande, izo udzathiridwa pa osakaniza lotayirira mchenga ndi peat prisypaya nthaka wosanjikiza ndi madzi. mbewu akuya kubzala ndi 5-10 mm.

mbande Pine amavomereza wamkulu pa dothi la mchenga loam ndi legkoglinistyh. Kufesa mbewu kuchita, kawirikawiri mu kasupe, ngakhale n'zotheka ndi m'dzinja. Amalangiza mulching mbewu. Patapita masabata atatu mphukira loyamba kuonekera. Mbande mwakula kutchire mpaka zaka zitatu, kenako kuziika pa malo okhazikika. Mpaka mtengo si lalikulu, zochepa chiopsezo kuti mizu ya paini kuonongeka pa kupatsidwa zina.

Palinso njira kukula mbande mu zikhalidwe kutentha kwa zaka ziwiri. Anthu bwino dongosolo kumezetsanitsa akhoza kuyesa kufalitsa mtengo m'njira. Kuti tichite zimenezi, kutenga cuttings ndi kukula kwa zaka zitatu. Monga katundu ntchito ndi mitengo ya zaka zinayi zisanu. masingano onse ayenera kuchotsedwa, kusiya iye yekha pafupi impso, chitsa pamwamba. Katemera ali m'chaka, pamaso masamba pachimake. Mukhozanso kuchita zimenezo pa chiyambi cha chilimwe. Ngati katemera zachitika m'chaka, ndiye ntchito nkhuni akale, ndipo ngati m'chilimwe, ndiye kutenga kupulumuka kwa chaka.

Mapangidwe korona mtengo

Pine, samasankha amafuna ndikutchetcha. Komabe, zikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito suspend, kukula m'malo wozengereza mbewu, kupanga kwambiri wandiweyani korona. Kuchita izi, inu musati ngakhale ayenera zipangizo zapadera, zokwanira basi kuswa zala zanu gawo limodzi kukula achinyamata.

Nthawi zambiri pogwiritsa ntchito njira yosavuta paini N'kutheka kupanga bonsai munda kapena bwino basi kakang'ono mtengo. wotchuka tsitsi ambulera pine. Ngati inu kwenikweni ananyamuka kulera bonsai, muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti sasiya mtundu kukongoletsa. Iye akusowa kudulira mphukira wapadera kamodzi pa chaka. Wamkulu anapanga bonsai kukameta ubweya clippers. Wamng'ono mbewu adakali osati mwamphamvu anapanga korona. Chifukwa aliyense unadulidwa kuthawa osiyana. Conifers tadulidwa ku mapeto a May ndipo pafupifupi mapeto a June. Nthawi yabwino - nthawi imene masingano ndi sizinathe maluwa.

Tizirombo wa conifers

Ngakhale paini ndi undemanding chomera, koma ngakhale iwo anagunda matenda ena. Conventionally, iwo akhoza kugawidwa mu opatsirana ndipo sanali opatsirana. matenda Recent chifukwa cha zinthu chowawa. Izi zikhoza kukhala kupanda Kuphunzira, nthaka osauka, chinyezi kwambiri.

matenda amayamba ndi tizilombo chomwecho, bowa, mavairasi, nyongolotsi ndi mitundu yonse ya majeremusi. The owopsa - ndi mafangasi matenda. Gwero la matenda akhoza kukhala coniferous kwambiri zinyalala, chifukwa chimamangirira unyinji wa tizilombo bowa. Amakhala oopsa chifukwa iwo kukula mu zimakhala za mtengo akufa, kutulutsa poizoni, chifukwa mu imfa ya mtengo chikuchitika.

Pine zingakhudze ndi tizirombo. zomera zambiri akudwala tizilombo lonse. Pankhaniyi, masingano ndi kuguluka. Nkhondowo majeremusi ngati n'kovuta kwambiri, ndi bwino kuti kupopera mankhwala pa nthawi ya kumasulidwa kwa mphutsi wa. Podkorny komanso wamba cholakwika. Pine dzimbiri chifukwa bowa kuti kupatsira singano. Matendawa amasonyezera mu kasupe oyambirira pamene inu mukuwona wobiriwira lachikasu lalanje mawanga, zomwe zimabweretsa chikasu zina la singano.

Komabe, ndi kuisamalira ndi chithandizo yake ya kukonzekera mwapadera ndi tizirombo onse akhoza asamalidwe nthawi yochepa. Makamaka paini - ndi chomera zodabwitsa mwachilungamo undemanding, nthawi zonse zokondweretsa diso ndi pristine kukongola zapadera. Kudziwa ena mokoma kuisamalira, inu mosavuta kukula mtengo lodabwitsa ili pa malo.