Kumasulidwa kwa Warsaw. Zikho "Pakuti Kumasuka wa Warsaw"

Pa Great kukonda dziko lako nkhondo kunachitika zochitika zosiyanasiyana alidi inasintha kuti mbiri yonse ya nthawi imeneyi. Ena mwa iwo amadziwika onse, monga anatseka misewu ya Stalingrad, ndipo ena amakhala kukumbukira ophunzira ndi ofufuza za nthawi yakale imeneyi. Mwanjira, kufunika kwa nthawi ndi wosatsutsika. Monga chotsatira cha Great zosonyeza kukonda nkhondo, dziko anamasulidwa chiwopsezo Nazi. Pamodzi ndi zochita ozimitsa mu magawo oyambirira a nkhondo ankaimba ndi zochitika zofunika kufunika kwa gawo lotsiriza la mkangano. The vuto limenelo anatuluka mu 1944-1945, anasonyeza sizingasinthe kugonjetsedwa kwa dziko la Germany. Komabe, mu mokwanira amphamvu ndi amphamvu "Nditatsegula" pa mthunzi wake akazembe Germany. Pa nthawi imeneyi, kunali koyenera kwa mphamvu telala kuti abwerere sabwerera mu wokhala potsimikizira-kuukira. Choncho, zochitika pa za Kursk lofufuma kwambiri mbali imodzi Soviet atsogoleri a asilikali anayamba kukana pang'onopang'ono la asilikali mdani kwambiri ku Ulaya. Pa mzinda kwambiri ya gwero la Nazism, Germany, izo zinachitika kusiyana zofunika kwambiri mbiri pakati pa Soviet Army ndi German. zotsatirazi tikambirana za kusiyana pafupi ndi likulu Polish - Warsaw.

Nkhondo ya Warsaw 1944

Ambiri kudziwa zimene zinachitika m'ma 1944, ndi nthawi pamene panali kumasulidwa kwa Warsaw ndi asilikali a Soviet. Kumbukirani kuti zochitika izi zinachitika mu nthawi chosiyana, monga ambiri sakudziwa nkomwe. Warsaw opareshoni, 1944 sanali ikuchitika mu mzinda ndipo umakhala pafupi izo. Iwo ayenera kukumbukira kuti ntchito anatenga malo kuti pasadakhale kupitirirabe mumzindawo. M'mawu ena, Nkhondo ya Warsaw mu 1944 zinachitikadi pofuna zinthu zofunika kwa pasadakhale zina za mdani, ndi kuponderezedwa. kumasulidwa Warsaw a pa ntchito imeneyi Sunali kuperekedwa.

Akamanena za ntchito mu 1944

Soviet atsogoleri a asilikali anadziwotcha ntchito kuwononga malinga mdani pa njira ku likulu Polish. ntchito unachitika ku July 25 August 5, 1944. Pafupi Vistula Mtsinje panali nkhondo lalikulu thanki, omwe kaŵirikaŵiri poyerekeza ndi Prokhorov nkhondo. asilikali Soviet anali amapereka mwa militias anapanga detachments wa Home Army. Ngakhale chapamwamba n'zosangalatsa kumva pa mbali ya Soviet Army, zolinga sizinachitike zimatheka. Pakali pano, kudziwa zifukwa zingapo kugonjetsedwa kwa asilikali USSR kunkhondo kuti:

• The kusowa kwa kumvetsa pakati pa Polish ndi Soviet lamulo, komanso zokhumba Stalin chokhudza amadza mu Poland.
• Wachibale "kutopa" wa Soviet Army pambuyo pa mndandanda wa ntchito zazikulu pamaso pa zochitika za 1944.

Ngakhale zolinga anali akwaniritsa, USSR asilikali mwamphamvu mizu pa mzinda wa Warsaw, inanyamula chiopsezo kwa asilikali Wehrmacht. Kale mu January 1945 asilikali Soviet ndi mphamvu zawo ndipo anayambitsa latsopano m'ziwawa zolawula.

Events yapitayi kumasulidwa kwa Warsaw

Warsaw wosamasula imagwera mkati zolinga zimene ziyenera mwana'yo pa Warsaw-Poznan ntchito. Iye anayesera kuti tivule mitundu yonse ya njira, pamene magulu ankhondo German mu East zinatumizidwa pano. Komanso, anali kamodzi gawo la nkhondo. kumasulidwa Warsaw a mutsegule m'njira yachidule kwa Berlin. Motero, zochita za lamulo anali kukhala yeniyeni ndi zapamwamba. Tsiku la opaleshoniyo pa January 20, koma kugonjetsedwa kwa Ankhondo US mu Ardennes ankaimba ndi strategists Soviet. British Nduna, Winston Churchill, 6 January 1945 anafunsa Stalin kubweretsa onse a njira mu nthawi ya Vistula-Oder malangizo. Choncho, ngakhale January 12 kuyamba kukonzekera amanyansidwa zikuluzikulu, mmodzi wa zolinga amene anali kumasulidwa kwa Warsaw. Kodi kukhala zina chochitika?

Anamasulidwa Warsaw (1945). tsiku loyamba

Mmene onse anayamba? Kumasulidwa kwa Warsaw ku Nazi anayamba January 14, 1945. Tsiku loyamba zinali zodzaza ndi ankawoloka Vistula ndi kulimbikitsa chitetezo kumtunda. Ndi kale anafotokoza kuti malo German anali bwino mipanda yolimba kwambiri pa mzinda wa Warsaw. Choncho, zochita Soviet Army anali yochenjera kwambiri. Pa zolawula, tsiku loyamba la ntchito 8 alonda Army ndi 5 Shock patsogolo mtunda wa makilomita 12 mu chitetezo cha German. Wisla anali ndinayamba 61 TH Army. Kuukira anali aliwiro imene anaigwira mwakhama zinachititsa mthunzi wa ku Germany chozama mu malo awo, pafupi ndi mzindawo.

Tsiku lachiwiri la kumasulidwa kwa Warsaw

47. Army lankhosa mdani kuwoloka mtsinje Vistula pa 15 January. Pa nthawi yomweyo, 2 alonda thanki Army kudula njira kuti Warsaw pafupi m'mudzi Sochaczew. Choncho, asilikali a ku Germany anali atazunguliridwa. Sitingathe kunena kuti Soviet Army anabwera pafupi Warsaw, koma lalikulu anali lakutali. The Germany sankadziwa mmene kutuluka chilengedwe Choncho, anadza kwa chinyengo. Iwo anagwidwa wamba pafupifupi 300 mu mpingo ndipo ankafuna kupha onse, ngati mdani adzapitiriza kuukira. Pofuna pachiswe miyoyo ya anthu wamba pa usiku wa 15 pa January 16 bungwe opareshoni, imene Anagwiranso atamasulidwa.

Kamodzi sitepe opareshoni

M'mawa wa pa January 16 anayamba nagonjetsa pa amadzibisa zonse Warsaw. Mu tsiku limodzi m'mudzi anamasulidwa monga ziboda, Piaski, Opaci ndi ena. Pakuti German 9 Army izo zinali basi kakasi tsiku. Pafupifupi malinga yonse udindo German kuzungulira mzindawo zinawonongedwa, ndipo kulankhulana ndi dzikoli idaleka. Palibe chinalepheretsa mphamvu Soviet kugwila likulu la dziko monga Poland. Warsaw anali pa mtunda wa makilomita angapo. M'bandakucha pa January 17, asilikali a Soviet wotanganidwa misewu cholowera mumzinda. Ndi usana, mzinda anayamba nkhondo oopsa, kumene kunachitika m'misewu ya Tamka ndi Marshalavskoy. Mu maola 14 January 17, 1945 boma provisional mu Lublin adalandira telegramu kuti mzinda linatengedwa. chochitika amatanthauza kuti m'manja mwa asilikali Soviet lonse la Poland. Warsaw anakhala mfundo kuyambira kwa patsogolo kwa Berlin. Pa tsiku la kumasulidwa wa Warsaw lonse ankachitika misonkhano polemekeza liberators lalikulu - asilikali Soviet.

Mendulo

mlingo umenewu sakanakhoza kukhala zosavuta kuiwala, kotero boma Soviet anaganiza zimalimbikitsa ndi mphoto ophunzira onse kumasulidwa kwa Warsaw. Icho chinakhazikitsidwa chifukwa cha ichi, ndi Mendulo "Pakuti kumasulidwa kwa Warsaw." Ntchito yomanga nyumba yopangidwa ndi chithunzicho mendulo Kuritsyn. Mphoto anapatsidwa onse adadziwa pa ntchito kuti amasule mzinda. Mendulo yaulemuyo ndi chobvalidwa kumanzere kwa pachifuwa pambuyo chizindikiro "Pakuti kumasulidwa kwa Belgrade". The mphoto udzathiridwa ku mkuwa ndi. awiri ake ndi 32 millimeters. Patsogolo pa Mendulo ndi lalembedwa lolembedwa. Kumbali n'zosiyana angapezeke lalembedwa tsiku ndi chaka. Kumasulidwa kwa Warsaw, motero, inatikomera kwa USSR, ndipo ambiri anatchula Mendulo.

Pomaliza

Tafotokoza imodzi mwa nkhani yosangalatsa ndiponso yofunika kwambiri ya chomaliza Wamkulu zosonyeza kukonda nkhondo. Anamasulidwa Warsaw (1945) anapereka Red Army mwayi kusuntha kwa West kuononga mphamvu Nazi mu dziko, umene unali mu Berlin.