Kulankhulana molunjika. Zizindikiro zomveka bwino

Mu Chirasha, mawu "achilendo" aliwonse, owonetsera mawu ndi ophatikizidwa m'malemba a wolemba, amatchedwa molunjika. Pakukambirana, iye amachoka ndi kupuma ndi chiwonongeko. Ndipo kalata ikhoza kufotokozedwa m'njira ziwiri: mu mzere umodzi "mu kusankha" kapena kulemba mzere uliwonse kuchokera pa ndime. Kulankhulidwa kwachindunji, zilembo zolembera zolembera molondola ndizovuta kwa ana. Choncho, pakuphunzira lamulo limodzi sikokwanira, payenera kukhala zitsanzo zabwino zolembera zoterezi.

Momwe mungayankhire zokambirana pa kalata

Kulankhula molunjika "zokambirana", zilembo zamakalata ndi zolemba pa kalata ndi nkhani yovuta kwambiri, yomwe muyenera kudziwa momwe mungayankhire. Choyamba, zolemba za anthu osiyanasiyana, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimalembedwa kuchokera pa ndime. Mwachitsanzo:

"Ndipo yang'anani mu chisa chimenecho: kodi pali chirichonse apo?"

- Palibe. Palibe nyamayi imodzi!

"Kodi pali zipolopolo zozungulira chisa?"

"Palibe zipolopolo!"

"Ndi chiyani icho?" Osati kwenikweni chirombo chimene chimakonda kuba mazira - ndizofunika kuzifufuza!

Izi ndi zokambirana za anthu awiri , zogwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito ndime, momwe ndime iliyonse yatsopano ndi chiwonetsero cha mmodzi wa oyankhulana ayenera kuyamba ndi dash ndi kalata yaikulu. Zotsatirazi zikhoza kukhala ndi mawu amodzi kapena angapo a zolemba, zosangalatsa kapena zofunsana.

Chachiwiri, kalankhulidwe kachindunji, zizindikiro zolembera pambuyo pake zimayikidwa mwatsatanetsatane, zikhoza kulembedwa mzere umodzi. Kulembetsa kotereku kwazokambirana "muchisankho" popanda kusonyeza kuti ndi ndani kwenikweni, aliyense wa iwo ayenera kutsekedwa m'malemba a quotation ndi osankhidwa pogwiritsa ntchito dash. Mwachitsanzo:

"Nanga bwanji iwe?" - "Ndikuopa, bwanji ngati masitepewa agwa?" - "Masitepe sungagwe, koma ukhoza kugwetsa dengu ndi mazira!"

Zikanakhala kuti pambuyo pa chimodzi mwa ndemanga chikutsatira ndondomeko ya wolemba, dash isanayambe chiganizo chotsatira. Ndipo asanalankhule mawu a mlembi adaika chida ndi dash.

"Akugona," adatero Tanya. "Kumene mukugona, chisonyezani!".

Kulankhulana molunjika chisanafike ndi pambuyo palemba la wolemba

Ngati, ngakhale, mawu angapo akuphatikizidwa mu malembo a zokambirana, mawu a wolemba amatsogolera mawuwo, ndiye coloni imayikidwa pambuyo pawo. Ndipo ndizofunikira ndipo pazochitikazi palibe chiganizo chomwe chimaonetsetsa kupitiliza kukambirana, koma kulankhula momveka bwino kumawonekeratu. Mwachitsanzo:

Mayi anamwetulira:

"Ndiwe mwana wanga wanzeru!"

Komanso mawu awa akhoza kulembedwa mu mzere umodzi, pokhapokha muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zizindikiro za quotation: Mwachitsanzo:

Amayi akumwetulira kuti: "Wanga ndinu wanzeru!"

Ndikoyenera kudziwa kuti maganizo osayankhula kapena mawu a mkati mwa mlembi nthawi zonse amaperekedwa ndi ndemanga, mosasamala kanthu komwe kuli chiganizocho. Komanso pa kalata yomwe ili pamagwero, yesani kumveka. Mwachitsanzo:

"Tsopano ndikanakhala tiyi," adaganiza.

Ine ndikuyima ndi kuganiza: "Ndipo chifukwa chiyani mvula iyi?".

"Aa, anthu?" - anafuula mokweza.

Liwu la wolengezayo linamveketsa momveka bwino ndi lofuula: "Samalani, tcherani!".

Musanayambe kulemba mawu a mwachindunji, mutatha mawu a wolemba nthawi zonse muikepo colon ndi kutsegula ndemangazo. Chidziwitso nthawi zonse chimayamba ndi kalata yaikulu, isanafike kutsekedwa kwa ndemangazo kumapereka zizindikiro kapena zolemba, komanso mfundoyi pokhapokha atatchulidwa.

Milandu yapadera yolankhula molunjika

Pali nthawi zina pamene mawu a wolembayo atchulidwa mwachindunji, zizindikiro zolembera zomwe zimasiyana pang'ono ndi zomwe zili pamwambapa. Zomwe zili choncho, ngati palibe liwu lomwe limatanthauzira kuti likutchulidwa, ndizosatheka kuika mawu akuti "ndipo", "ndikuganiza," ndi "kudandaula", "kufunsidwa" ndi zina zotero, pazochitika zoterezi zikalata zomwe wolembayo sakulemba. Mwachitsanzo:

Palibe amene ankafuna kuchoka.

"Tiuzeni nkhani ina!"

Mawu anga onse anasokonezeka.

"Kodi simukukhulupirira ife?"

Momwe mungayankhire kalata mu kalata

Pafupifupi malamulo omwewo, malemba omwe aperekedwa m'malembawo akuwonetsedwanso. Ngati sichiperekedwa mwathunthu, ndiye kuti pamalo omwe mawuwo akusowa, amaika ellipsis. Monga lamulo, ziganizo nthawi zonse zimakhala ndi makasitomala, ngakhale ziri zofanana ndi mawu osayankhula. Asanalankhule mawu a wolembayo, mawu omwe ali ndi mawu oyambirira amalephera kulembedwa ndi madontho ndi kalata yaikulu, ngati ali pakati pa chiganizo, ndiye kuti ali ndi vutoli. Pano, monga momwe ziliri ndi chilankhulo cholunjika, anthu ogwiritsira ntchito makoloni ndi operekera, omwe ali ndi malingana ndi malamulo omwe amadziwika kale ponena za malo omwe atchulidwa.

Ndemanga za wolemba mwakulankhulidwa molunjika

Ngati nkhaniyo ikulankhula momveka bwino, iyenera kulemba mawu a wolembayo, ndiye kuti mawuwo atsekedwa m'mawu omwe ali pamodzi ndi ndondomeko ya wolembayo. Mwachitsanzo:

"Ndipita kwa agogo anga aakazi - anati mwanayo - ndipo ndizo!"

Pali nthawi yomwe malemba sakuyikidwapo, makasitomala amagwiritsidwa ntchito mmalo mwake:

• Ngati palibe chidziwitso chodziwika cha munthu yemwe chithunzicho chiri, kapena pamene mwambi wodziwika bwino ukugwiritsidwa ntchito mulemba.
• Pamene kuli kovuta kudziwa pamaso pathu mawu olunjika kapena osayankhula.
• Ngati mawu oti "alankhula" akuphatikizidwa mu ndemanga. Mwachitsanzo: I, ndikukuuzani, ndikuwonetsani!
• Ngati mawuwo ali ndi gwero. Kawirikawiri izi zimatanthawuzira ku makina osindikizira. Mwachitsanzo: Kulankhulidwa kuchokera pa siteji, omwe analemba kalatayi, kunawombera nyumbayo ndi kuwomba m'manja.

Ngati, pamene chigamulo chithyoledwa, zolankhulidwe zoyenera siziyenera kutha ndi chizindikiro chirichonse, kapena chida, dash, koloni kapena semicolon, ndiye mawu a wolembayo asanati aike chida ndi dash, ndipo pamapeto pake pali dontho ndi dash. Ndiye chotsaliracho chotsaliracho chinalembedwa ndi kalata yaikulu. Mwachitsanzo:

"Ndikhala kunja kwa mphindi zingapo," anatero Lenochka. - Ndidzakhala komweko posachedwa. "

Nthawi yomwe kumayambiriro kwa chilankhulo cholunjika kusanayambe padzakhala chizindikiro kapena chizindikiro, ndiye amaiyika patsogolo pa mawu ndi mawu a wolemba, kenaka amaika mfundo ndikupitiriza kulankhula momveka pambuyo pake. Komanso ellipsis ndi coloni imasungidwa.

M'malo momaliza

Kulankhula momveka bwino, zizindikiro zolembera zomwe sizili zovuta kuphunzira, m'mabuku olembedwa ndizofala. Choncho, mabuku angakhale chithandizo chabwino chowunikira phunziroli. Ndipotu, malingaliro owona, kuphatikizapo kudziwa malamulo, akhoza kukonza chidziwitso pa mutu wakuti "Kulankhulana molunjika" kukumbukira.

Zizindikiro za zizindikiro, ndondomeko ya ziganizo ndi ndondomeko yolankhulidwa mwachindunji ndi ndemanga zomwe zalembedwa mu phunziroli zimaphunzira kusukulu kwa chaka chimodzi, zomwe zimamveka, chifukwa gawo ili la Chirasha ndi lovuta kwambiri ndipo liri ndi zinthu zambiri zowonongeka. Komabe, malamulo oyambirira omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri polemba sikuti ndi ovuta kukumbukira.