Kodi muimba wakuda? Timaphunzira!

Black muimba (balati. Aegypius monachus) wa banja Accipitridae. Izi ndi mwachilungamo lalikulu zolusa mbalame, wolemera pafupi 12 makilogalamu. Izo wakudya makamaka pa zovunda, wotchedwa medic achilengedwe. Malo komwe muimba wakuda miyoyo konse kufala kwa matenda epizootic opatsirana.

mapiko Long yotakata ndipo ndi aatali mamita mpaka 2.5, amene amalola mbalame kwa nthawi yaitali, ndipo tiwolokere mokoma Kumwamba wakumwamba kusaka nyama. Large mutu ndi khosi amphamvu okutidwa ndi fuzz lalifupi, amene amathandiza kupewa kudetsedwa pa chakudya.

Mbalame zodya nyama - muimba wakuda

Mlomo khosi lalikulu, chachikulu, pang'ono flattened pa mbali, ndi bwino ndinazolowera kwa butchering nyama ndi mbalame. Iwo utoto zofiirira ndi wachikasu mu zaumbanda wakuda mulomo. Yoteroyo imvi wandiweyani, otsika, yosamveka chiombankhanga. Miyendo ndi m'malo ofooka ndipo sindingathe kuthandiza kulemela kwa. Mtundu wa akulu bulauni mu mmunsi mwa khosi chikuoneka bwinobwino mu mawonekedwe a ugufu, ananena nthenga yowala. mbalame Young utoto mu wakuda.

Anthu muimba wakuda?

Ndani angamvetsere mwatsatanetsatane pa nkhani imeneyi. M'dera limene muimba wakuda amakhala - chili ndi mapiri kumveka malo ndi nkhalango ochepa. Habitat chimafikira kumpoto kwa Africa, kum'mwera kwa Ulaya ndi lonse Asian dera madera kum'mawa phiri la China.

Ambiri, mbalame amangokhala, koma mitundu ina ya miimba m'nyengo yozizira kuyendayenda ambiri amafunafuna chakudya asanafike zilumba Japanese. Makamaka mbalame mphamvu nyama musalole iwo kudya nyama mazira, kotero kumene amakhala muimba wakuda, nyengo ofunda. M'nyengo yozizira, mbalame zodya nyama anasamukira ku madera kum'mwera, kumene moyo kwa October kwa March.

kuswana nyengo kumatenga miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, kuyambira mu January. Miimba zambiri kuthetsa awiriawiri payekha. Chibwenzi akazi, aamuna wopanga pirouettes zosaneneka mu mlengalenga. Amachichita mkwatibwi olowa kuuluka ndege ndi kuthamangitsa wina ndi mnzake. Kusankha bwenzi mwamuna chibwenzi kukhuta padziko lapansi.

malo kukaikira mazira

Places kumene muimba wakuda amakhala ndi kukula ana awo, m'malo kwaokha. Kwa dzira kuika mabanja ntchito mitengo dzenje recess pansi snags, ndi osaya mapanga voids popangidwa ndi mitengo Imatithandiza. malo kukaikira mazira akhoza ili mu mphako anasiya nyumba, munda nyumba, mu ming'alu mu miyala. Zisa kumanga nthambi youma, amaika mumsewu pansi woonda nthambi, udzu, ubweya nyama. Una awiri angafikire mamita awiri ndi kulemera quintal. Anatenga malo zapamwamba kwa kulera banja angagwiritsidwe ntchito mobwerezabwereza.

kubalana

Female muimba wakuda kutchera mazira chimodzi kapena ziwiri lalikulu, zowala ndi zofiirira mawanga. anapiye kuswa angapo chinkhoswe pamodzi, mosinthana zouluka kupita kukafunafuna chakudya. Pambuyo pafupi masiku makumi anai kuchokera mazira kuoneka anapiye yokutidwa ndi fuzz zofewa. Kids amabadwa osatetezeka kwambiri ndipo zimafunika wolingalira chidwi kwa makolo ake. Chakudya anafuna kuti ana, miimba kumeza chunks chachikulu, ndiyeno regurgitate iwo mu chisa.

Patapita miyezi iwiri, ndi mwana wankhuku kufwanyulira pa thupi n'kukhala wakuda zikuuluka. Patapita miyezi inayi wamng'ono miimba akuda palokha ndithu. Mwatsoka, izo umapulumuka kukhala wachikulire osachepera theka akhanda anapiye. Kumalo osungira dziko kumene mbalame yakuda muimba moyo, satha kwambiri kusintha mlingo kupulumuka. The zaka pazipita ogwirira moyo zaka makumi asanu.

Ngati pafupi pali zovunda, miimba kuti akhoza kuukira nyama, vyklevyvaya maso awo kapena kuba zisa anthu ena a anapiye wamng'ono.

kusaka

Kusaka mbalame zodya nyama anatumiza m'mawa. Iwo tikukhumba kuti fungatirani mu mlengalenga, akuyang'ana nyama. Miimba aukitsidwa kwambiri moti kwasanduka yaing'ono wakuda dontho. Koma m'pofunika kwambiri diso mbalame zodya nyama ndi kuona zonse zimene zimachitika pa dziko lapansi. Kodi kupeza piringupiringu gulu la akhwangwala, kites nthawi kapena mwamsanga zimaonekeratu kuti pali chinachake ndalama.

Mapiko apangidwe ndi pamalo yoteroyo, muimba wakuda mwala akugwa pansi pa nyama, nthawi yomweyo dispelling mwa adani ake. Pakuti mlenje mwayi athanso kuthamangira mpikisano amene amayesera kuzikwatula chidutswa cha mpikisano wa, kukhuta phokoso ndi nkhondo. Dzazani mbalame amauluka monga kudya ndi kuonera anansi awo. Miimba amatha mukalongeza mothina kuti nkomwe adzauka mu mlengalenga.

Zimayambitsa ikutha

Angapo zapitazi wa zaka zambiri, chiwerengero cha mbalame zodya nyama mu dziko kwambiri chazilala. chifukwa pali mikhalidwe cholinga.

Mu malo okhazikika zaka zingapo wintering zinachitika nyengo aakulu ndi kunagwa chipale chofewa katundu amene analenga mavuto foraging. Mu ulimi nyama pafupifupi analola imfa Unyinji wa nyama. Ndipo pa nkhani ya imfa limodzi mitembo kuwataya bwinobwino. Komanso, ambiri ubweya minda ndi minda yawo kwa kuswana wa nyama zing'onozing'ono (mink, sable) kwambiri yafupika ziweto zawo kapena ngakhale tsekani mabizinesi.

zinthu izi yomweyo anali kungasokoneze udindo wa wintering miimba. Njala mbalame zambiri wotopa komanso anali atasiya kuti awuluke. Milandu kudya achibale akufa, ndilo chodabwitsa nthenda. Mbalame, n'kukakhala ku malo a m'tauni, bolder ndipo anayamba kufunafuna chakudya pa landfills anthu. Komanso, iwo asiya kugopa a anthu, omwe mfundo ina ya kuchuluka imfa ya mbalame ku manja a anthu. Izi anawonjezera kupanda kulamulira zochita za anthu zokhudzana ndi miimba kusaka, kuwononga zisa zawo chipangizo misampha ndi poizoni nyambo.

Mbalame zodya nyama ndi kutchulidwa Red Book of Russia, komanso alumikiza II wa mayiko yatchula.

Ngati mulibe kulepheretsanso imfa unyinji wa mbalame, posakhalitsa anthu kuyiwala amene muimba wakuda, ndi chithunzi chimene tidzakhalabe mabuku kukumbutsa anthu zotayika za mbalame opindulitsa zolusa.