Kodi kusambira? Amamwa kusambira: malangizo opanga

Amamwa kusambira - chipangizo otsika mtengo kwa kupuma pansi madzi. Olemba ndemanga ambiri amanena kuti wagawo uyu akhoza m'malo okwera mtengo zida pamadzi mu mwambo kuk kuti akuya mamita anayi. Choncho, kusambira amamwa - icho chiri ndi momwe apange izo?

kudalira munthu pa luso

Funsani funso za kupanga aqualung amamwa ayenera kukumbukira kuti chilichonse chochitika anthu kumphatikiza ntchito zida iliyonse, zida kapena zida zina, zimapangitsa udzathetsa mwayi wawo kapena thandizo bwenzi. Kwa iwo, mwachitsanzo, anati yachibadwa kusambira. Amagwiritsa ntchito luso - galimoto kapena kusambira - mobwerezabwereza wachulukitsa mwayi wake. Koma malinga ndi zovuta za kuwonjezeka luso ndi kudalira munthu wake.

Diver, okonzeka ndi ya "chigoba, zipsepse snorkel," wovutika ndi imfa ya chilichonse awo m'madzi kwa zipangizo alipo. Koma vuto ovuta kwambiri igunda ndi diver, ngati madzi mwadzidzidzi mabasi mpweya okwanira. Izi zingachitike pa mozama pa zomwe n'zosatheka kutuluka mu mpweya chomwecho. Bulky kusambira kumachepetsa sayenda ndi kuonjezera madzi kukana. Amenewa ndi zochitika mwadzidzidzi angayambe pansi ayezi kapena phanga. Kosiyanasiyana ayenera kulabadira kwambiri kwa luso ntchito. Izi zili choncho makamaka kwa anthu amene akufuna kupanga pamadzi panokha.

Pa zovuta za nkhani

zida zamakono diver lolunjika pa chitonthozo ake ndi chitetezo. mfundo zonse ndi zinthu zida ayenera bwinobwino unalingirira. Akatswiri apanga malamulo pa ntchito zida, kuswa ndi kuletseratu. Kwakung'ono newbie likhoza vuto pang'ono mu kuchita zipangizo ayenera kupempha nzeru kwa mphunzitsi wake monga kugwiritsa ntchito kwaulere zida ndi chinsinsi otetezeka pamadzi.

Aqualung ndi chipangizo yovuta kwambiri. Akatswiri kutsimikizira kuti akonze zinawonongeka kusambira zida kunyumba ndi kovuta. Kuti tichite zimenezi, muyenera kukhala odziwa zoyenera ndi kugwira ntchito pa zabwino zida lathe. Anthu amene ali ndi chidwi mu funso la kupanga kusambira amamwa ndi manja awo, ayenera kuphunzira za chipangizo ichi ngati kuli kotheka.

nkhani

Mawu "kusambira" amatanthauza "madzi kuwala". Mbiri imasonyeza kuti chipangizo lisanalengedwe pang'onopang'ono. Woyamba patenti mpweya yang'anira kuchokera pamwamba ndi kusinthidwa kuti ntchito m'galimoto. Mu 1878, iye anatulukira ndi zida chifukwa kupuma m'madzi. Limagwiritsa ntchito mpweya koyera. Mu 1943 aqualung woyamba unakhazikitsidwa. Mlembi yake inali French Emil Ganyan ndi Jacques-IV Kusto.

chipangizo

Amene anaganiza zopanga kusambira zinawonongeka, ayenera kudziwa kuti wagawo izi idzafotokoza 3 waukulu ndi zipangizo zingapo zina:

• Zibaluni. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito muli imodzi kapena ziwiri osakaniza wothinikizidwa kupuma. Aliyense chidebe akugwirizira 7 - 18 malita.
• Yang'anira. Amakhala ndi zida m'mapapo makina. Kukasambira zingaphatikizepo gearboxes umodzi kapena kuposerapo.
• Kompresa buoyancy. Kufufuma bulandi cholinga chapadera - lamulo la kuya kwa kumiza.
• Kuyeza okonzeka ndi chizindikiro chimene adamulowetsa pamene mpweya 30 atmospheres.

Features

Pofuna kuti akonze zinawonongeka kusambira zida muyenera kudziwa za maonekedwe a zigawo zake.

• kuthamanga chotengera gawo la thanki kusambira ndi kusunga mpweya. Opaleshoni kuthamanga m'menemo - 150 atmospheres. Standard yamphamvu mphamvu malita 7 pa kupanikiza accommodates ndi malita 1050 mpweya.
• Ntchito kusambira one-, thuu kapena trohballonnye. Bwinobwino zonenepa capacitance - malita 5 ndi 7 ndi zonenepa 10 ntchito ngati pakufunika kutero, 14- lita.
• Fomu zonenepa - cylindrical, ndi khosi elongated anapereka ndi ulusi mkati kwa ogwiritsa pa paipi chubu kapena chitoliro.
• zonenepa ndi zopangidwa ndi zitsulo kapena zitsulo zotayidwa. zonenepa zitsulo ataphimbidwa ndi wosanjikiza dzimbiri oteteza, umene nthaka ntchito. Zitsulo zonenepa ndi mphamvu poyerekezera ndi aluminum, koma iwo sakhala buoyant.
• zonenepa ndi wodzazidwa ndi osakaniza mpweya kapena wothinikizidwa osasankhidwa mpweya. chidebe Modern zida ndi chitetezo zikusefukira.
• N'zokhudza kwa reducer mpweya kuthamanga, mu ntchito aqualung kuthamanga amachepetsa kuchokera 150 mpaka 6 atmospheres. Ndi zizindikiro ngati kuthamanga osakaniza kupuma akulowa makina m'mapapo mwanga.
• M'mapapo mwanga basi chipangizo ndicho chipangizo aqualung, popeza akudyetsedwa kudzera mpweya kupuma, amene kuthamanga ndi wofanana vuto madzi maselo pachifuwa m'dera diver a.

mitundu ya kukasambira

Anaganiza kuti amange kusambira zinawonongeka ayenera kudziwa kuti mitundu itatu ya zida ntchito pamadzi: lotseguka, anatseka, theka-chatsekedwa madera. Iwo wolemekezeka Chrixitu ntchito njira ya kupuma.

dera lotseguka

Agwiritsidwa ntchito chotchipa, zosavuta, ndipo alibe zida miyeso kwambiri. Iwo amagwira ntchito kokha kotunga mpweya. Pa mpweya zobwezerezedwanso zikuchokera amachoka mu chilengedwe popanda wothira chisakanizo cha kudzaza zonenepa. Zimenezi zimathandiza kuti mpweya njala kapena poyizoni ndi mpweya. Kachitidwe amakhala ndi kuphweka kwa kapangidwe ndi otetezeka ntchito. Koma lili ndi drawback: si kusinthidwa kwa pamadzi akuya chifukwa cha otaya mkulu wa kupuma mpweya pa kuya kwambiri.

dera pafupi

Kukasambira ukugwira motere: ndi diver exhales mpweya kukonzedwa - lidzayeretsedwa wa kaboni woipa ladzala ndi mpweya, inatuluka ndi kachiwiri oyenera kupuma. Ubwino dongosolo:

• wochepa thupi;
• yaing'ono zida kukula;
• mwina kuyenda pansi pa madzi mu madzi akuya;
• Iwo anapereka motalika pansi diver madzi;
• n'zotheka kwa diver kukhala padera.

Mtundu wa zida lakonzedwa kuti mkulu mlingo wa maphunziro, oyamba kugwiritsa ntchito ali osavomerezeka. The kuipa dongosolo monga kufunika kwake kwambiri.

theka-chatsekedwa dera

Mfundo ntchito m'njira imeneyi - wosakanizidwa madera poyera ndi chatsekedwa. Part zosakaniza ndi zobwezerezedwanso limayenda ndi mpweya, kenako kachiwiri kupezeka kwa kupuma, ndi kusadziletsa yake excreted mu chilengedwe. Pankhaniyi, osiyana kumiza kuya zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito zosiyanasiyana cocktails mpweya m'mapapo kwa kupuma.

mphamvu kuthetsa

osiyanasiyana ambiri mu mini-aqualung ntchito monga thanki kubwerera. Mini chitsanzo - dongosolo yaying'ono kwa kupuma pansi pa madzi pa akuya yaing'ono. Pamafunikanso gearbox ndi cholankhulira ndi midget thanki ndi mpweya. mitengo mpweya voliyumu zimadalira makhalidwe munthu diver.

Ntchito kusambira zida

Kukasambira amathandiza munthu kusambira m'madzi ufulu. Kuthetsa kufunika koyenda nthawi zonse pansi kapena kukhala mu malo woongoka. Izi ndi chifukwa wodziika ntchito zida osiyanasiyana komanso ojambula, okonza, zakale ichthyologists, hayidiroliki ndi ojambula, ndi ena.

Anthu ambiri kuyesa amamwa kusambira manja. Zimene posankha angakhale ndi chilakolako ndalama, ndi chikondi yosalephera ya zilandiridwenso luso. ogwiritsa Network kuuza malangizo ndi malangizo ndi kulemekeza yopanga chipangizo kunyumba.

"Sparks": amamwa kusambira zida kuchokera yamphamvu mpweya

Muyenera:

• Mpweya zonenepa, zitsulo gulu, zitsulo mpweya ndi mavavu mpweya mzere cutoff (kickback) ndi chigamulocho nawuza mavavu. Buku lililonse: 4 L, kulemera: 4,200, kuthamanga: 150 bar.
• vavu ndege mpweya
• Flywheel panokha.
• Reducer m'mipando ndege ejection.
• Soviet mpweya reducer kuti propane.
• Amamwa masika zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zitsulo waya ndi ena.

Kodi kupanga?

1. Zonenepa ogwirizana ndi clamps zosapanga dzimbiri (zikhoza kupangidwa kuchokera akasinja ya makina ochapira). Pakati pa balloons ali anaikapo mu Ikani mtengo, yokutidwa ndi nsalu pa epoxy ofotokoza wakuda utoto PF. The zida chivundikiro mokhomerera mabowo, kuti si stagnate madzi.
2. Makinawa kutsegula a dongosolo mpweya atachotsedwa. Wokwera ndalezo ndi cotter.
3. Amamwa yang'anira kuti kusambira likhoza kupangidwa kwa vavu mpumulo olumikizidwa kwa gearbox ya masika zosapanga waya zitsulo ndi duralumin chivundikirocho ndi nipple kwa kulumikiza makina kuchoka m'mapapo. Kusintha zida (atakhala kuthamanga - 6.5 kamodzi).
4. makina m'mapapo mwanga chingapangidwe kuchokera ku zida mpweya Soviet. Mu casing 2 kufunika kumanga ndi koyenera zopangidwa duralumin chubu (m'mimba mwake - 16.5 mm). Mu mmodzi wa iwo kuika kamwa kuti achepetsa ndi zosapanga mbale. Wina phala textolite galasi ndi valavu pa chigoba mpweya. Ngati vavu mafangasi msanga sichitha, ayenera kukhala chikho analimbitsa mphira (akhoza kudula ku Soviet himkomplekta nsapato chimakwirira) ndi bawuti ndi mtedza Kupeza vavu mwachindunji Kwera. M'malo mwa zaka zoyenerera mogwirizana ndi zopangidwa ndi duralumin watsopano, amene glued kuti epoxy pamalo a okalamba. M'mimba mwake wa mpando vavu - 2.5 mm.
5. Kutsutsa kutsegula mphamvu ya mpweya wothinikizidwa mu kapu ya wayikidwa amamwa kukoka masika, omwe amamatira ku pamwamba pa chivundikiro cha pini yopingasa.
6. Kakhungu wopangidwa ndi mphira chomwecho pa nsapato chimakwirira. Iwo anapereka puck ndi yaing'ono kulemera kuthetsa kugwedera pa kudzoza. PAD akhoza n'kupangira inhalation valavu pa mkulu-liwiro pamanja sandpaper mphira chidutswa.
7. M'mapapo mwanga basi kumanga ndi akapichi atatu. ngakhale dzanja omangika, ali bwino akhoza kusunga Kakhungu lapansi. The mmunsi mwa makina m'mapapo chifukwa owonjezera zida chitonthozo ntchito ndi okonzeka ndi mbale zopangidwa rivets zosapanga dzimbiri, amene anaika pansi kuchigama.
8. The zomangira phewa ndi zidutswa nayiloni tether popanda kusintha chifukwa chosowa zosowa. Lamba m'chiuno pasakhale chomangira lamba mwamsanga-kumasulidwa.

Kufotokozera chifukwa

Pa akuya 10 mamita kusambira timatha kuchita ntchito yakalavulagaga (kukoka pansi pa makhalidwe kapena kudya kusambira) popanda akusowa mpweya. Si zida ndi kuchotsa batani, koma popanda n'zotheka kuchita. M'mapapo mwanga makina kufunika anatsekula yekha ntchito poyamba, ndiyeno atakhala kayendedwe osachepera anapanga mavavu inspiratory. Mozama pa mavuto 6-7 bar. Kuyesetsa zachifalansa yodziwika ndi zololedwa ndithu, ofanana AVM-5. Kulemera - 300 ga zikugwirizana ndi payipi popanda ziyangoyango, mothandizidwa ndi kugwirizana conical. chipangizo ndi opepuka kwambiri (za 11,5 kg), yaying'ono ndi streamlined. Ulibe osachepera kuthamanga Cholozera.

Wina chimake cha improvised zonenepa mpweya kukasambira

1. Konzani zibaluni. Gwiritsani ntchito buku chidebe malita 22, malinga mukufunira. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito zonenepa 2 malita 4,7-7. Pakuti ochiritsira masuti pamadzi zibaluni 200 bala, chifukwa luso - 300 bar.
2. Konzani reducer kuthamanga, kuthamanga yamphamvu chomwecho.
3. Lumikizani zida ndi zibaluni lapansi. Onetsetsani kuti kuthamanga m'menemo pa 6-11 bala kuposa kuthamanga yozungulira.
4. Lumikizani kuthamanga reducer payipi ku payipi Ufumuyo kufunika valavu. Pamene ukugwira ntchito moyenera ndi kupewa kuthamanga limafanana ndi kuthamanga yozungulira zolakwa mbuye sing'anga.
5. Angagwirizanitse owongolera. Chiwerengero chawo zimadalira ntchito. Pakuti anakonza pamadzi bongo ayenera 2 opha: pulayimale ndi kubwerera.
6. Ikani BCD (safunika kuti uziyenda bwino za aqualung, koma mosavuta ndi otetezeka pamadzi).
7. Kutulutsa mmwamba thanki mpweya ndi kuona dongosolo anasonkhana. Ngati zinthu zonse ogwirizana molondola ndi makina akugwira ntchito, m'pofunika kuchita woyamba mayeso madzi pa akuya zonyozeka. Ngati ndi bwino, kusambira tinganene kuti wokonzeka ntchito.

Amamwa aqualung kuchokera chida moto

1. Ntchito yamphamvu mpweya woipa moto chida (kuthamanga - 150 bala, mphamvu - 5 malita kulemera - za 7.5 kg)
2. vavu m'pofunika kupera mawonekedwe zozungulira, tili m'mavuto mu koyenera T woboola pakati (zibaluni ku mpando ejection), amene ayenera akhale okonzeka ndi valavu adzapereke.
3. Iwo anaika mbale duralumin awiri, m'chiuno pamodzi.
4. Iwo analimbitsa reducer, zomwe ndi chinthu chachiwiri cha mpweya reworked zida ku mpando ejection (akuthamanga 8 kamodzi).
5. Chopangidwa m'banja vavu chitetezo m'mimba mwake nembanemba ndi yafupika pogwiritsa 2 mbale.
6. Chopangidwa reducer vavu mpando awiri 1, 2 mm airbag vavu (fluoroplastic) Komanso, m'pofunika muzipeza limasinthira kwambiri zina zazing'ono.
7. M'mapapo mwanga makina ofanana ndi chitsanzo tafotokozazi (onani "nthethe" mbiri :. amamwa kusambira ku yamphamvu mpweya "). Ntchito thupi kuchokera zida zina, komanso kuli nthambi kunyumba zopangidwa ndi mpweya mpweya. zibaluni ndi wotetezedwa ndi duralumin clamps kumbuyo kwa fiberglass.

chifukwa

chipangizo ndi wodalirika komanso vuto lililonse ntchito. The vuto lalikulu pa ntchito yokonza - dzimbiri dural zida nyumba mu madzi amchere. Ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito silikoni mafuta kuthetsa vutolo. zida si zida ndi n'zotsimikizira kuthamanga, palibe Zosefera (mungagwiritse ntchito kupopa chubu mu thanki ndi mabowo ang'onoang'ono kumapeto). Kulemera - 9,5 makilogalamu.

Pa Intaneti, pali zina zimene mungachite kuti zitsanzo kunyumba zopangidwa chida kukasambira.

njira №1

• chipangizo unapangidwa yamphamvu - wolandirayo (2 L) ku chida moto.
• Wokhomeredwa ku chifuwa.
• M'malo mwake, Mtsogoleri amagwiritsa amamwa pnevmoknopka Buku chakudya mpweya mpweya.
• chipangizo ali okonzeka ndi valavu cheke, amene amadula mzere mpweya mwambo anawononga payipi, ndi wodyetsa mpweya.
• No gearbox Choncho ntchito kuchepetsa akuya madzi a.
• Kakhungu makina pa vavu mpando masika. Pamene inu tilimbikire ndalezo wakwezedwa ndi mpweya apita mpweya wa. Mpweya opangidwa mu madzi kudzera mwa valavu utsi.
• Yobweretsa mpweya ikuchitika padziko lapansi zoyendera yamphamvu ya mphamvu kuwotcherera wa malita mpaka 40. Pakuti zida chikugwirizana makina m'mapapo.
• Mayina mkono pnevmoknopka mabatani yabwino kuti kugwira mu dzanja lanu. Dzanja pang'ono kumasulidwa ndi ntchito kuchita iriyonse - ntchito iliyonse.

zosinthika №2

• Ntchito pa chida yamphamvu (1.5 L).
• chipangizo amagwiritsa ntchito dongosolo Buku chakudya kwa mpweya.
• zida ali okonzeka ndi valavu - pnevmoknopkoy, valavu ndi zida.
• Amakhala ndi chubu, ndi tili m'mavuto loyenerera ndi chida moto, limene pulasitiki ndi valavu n'zosiyana, unkagunda mpando tapered ndi masika wothinikizidwa mpweya. Pa mphepo chubu thupi Kakhungu ndi sitadi kukanikiza pa vavu pulasitiki. Kumbali n'zosiyana ndi chokhethemulira lakonzedwa kuti akanikizire chala.
• Mpweya exiting kwa chipangizo chimadutsa nsonga madzimadzi (m'mimba mwake - 2 mm), kenako inhalation mu kamwa ya. Mpweya ikuchitika ndi valavu.
• lamba kulemera ndi wosavuta popanga. Zopangidwa zonenepa patsogolo, osewera duralumin chubu ndi kudula kotenga. Okonzeka ndi amamwa mwamsanga-kumasulidwa chomangira lamba.

Machitidwe abwino zida sangakhoze kukayika, koma mabvuto wasindikizidwa pulasitiki valavu kutseka yamphamvu

Kodi kupanga kusambira zida mwa botolo?

The Internet amapereka malangizo a mmene kupanga amamwa kusambira zida mwa botolo. Malinga icho kwa wolemba, mungathe kugwiritsa ntchito sprayer ntchito horticulture. Chophweka njira kupeza mu zapaderazi sitolo kwa wamaluwa. Pamene muli kusankha Musapereke zokonda mabotolo chachikulu kwambiri; ali mwamphamvu "Chikoka" mmwamba.

Muyenera:

• kupopera (mpope kanthu);
• kusintha payipi (pulasitiki);
• U-chubu ntchito pamadzi;
• chidebe (botolo).

luso:

1. Choyamba, kuchotsa limiter anaika mu sprayer lapansi. Izi ndi zofunika kuonetsetsa kuti mpweya wambiri akutuluka sprayer lapansi.
2. Pamwamba pa sprayer payipi anatambasula mosamala losindikizidwa ndi silikoni kapena wotentha ulimbo.
3. Pansi pa chitoliro m'madzi anaika pa chivundikiro cha botolo pulasitiki, ndi dzenje chisanadze mokhomerera kwa m'mimba mwake payipi.
4. payipi ndi anaikapo mdzenje mosamala glued, losindikizidwa. Wopepuka kusambira wokonzeka.

Mfundo ntchito

botolo chikugwirizana ndi mpope kanthu sprayer nadzazidwa ndi mpweya. Mphamvu 330 ml ya wodzazidwa ndi mpweya ndi 50 zikwapu. ndalamazo kwa mpweya wokwanira kumaliza mpweya anayi. mphamvu zikuluzikulu ayenera akhale okonzeka ndi katundu, monga wodzazidwa ndi mpweya tiwolokere pamwamba botolo. Kuchotsa mpweya botolo, ndi okwanira kuti akanikizire batani lolingana pa mfuti kutsitsi.

Pomaliza

Independent kupanga kusambira adzapulumutsa ndalama ndi mpata luso komanso zosangalatsa chosaola cha nawo ndondomeko za kulenga. Pofuna chitetezo cha moyo wawo ndi thanzi la amisiri ayenera kutsatira malangizo.