Kasitomala SSH: kolowera. Best SSH-kasitomala

Kasitomala SSH - ndi chida zofunika ntchito SSH-kugwirizana makina awiri. Chinali cholinga kulowa opaleshoni dongosolo la kompyuta kutali ndi kuthamanga mu lamulo. Kasitomala waikidwa pa makina wosuta zakumeneko. Iye ayenera wotsimikiziridwa pa makina, ndipo patapita kuti utumiki ayamba. Kasitomala akhoza akuyendera ntchito kudwala kapena ndi mawonekedwe mawonekedwe kasinthidwe.

SSH ndi chiyani?

SSH (Wabwino Nkhono) latembenuzidwa kwenikweni monga "chipolopolo otetezeka." Ntchito SSH - ndi zopezera protocol ndi amene anapanga kasamalidwe abwino mfundo kumidzi mu dongosolo maukonde opaleshoni. Imakhala malo kugwirizana, kutsimikizika, ndi kutengerapo deta ku khamu wina ndi mzake kudzera kubisa magalimoto, kudutsa izo.

Iwo limakupatsani kulenga una wa encrypted kwa HIV mosungika ndondomeko zina zopezera pa maukonde ndi osatetezeka monga Intaneti. amagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri pa doko kutumiza kompyuta wina ku madoko ena.

Yambani SSH chinaikidwa zizindikiro Ilonenom la Finland mu 1995, zomwe wachita naye monga lipoti chinsinsi. Baibulo limeneli ankatchedwa SSH-1. Pa nthawi, pafupifupi konse ntchito.

Mu 1996, ndi bwino Baibulo la SSH-2 anayamba kupanga. Ndi yosemphana ndi SSH-1 ndi otetezeka ndipo ali ndi mndandanda yaitali ma aligorivimu kubisa. Tsopano mu Baibulo SSH amatanthauza SSH-2. Popeza 2006, protocol wa anazindikira IETF muyezo Internet Association.

Pali kukhazikitsa ziwiri zikuluzikulu za SSH. Mmodzi wa iwo kampani, amene mwakuchita SSH Kulumikizana Security. Chachiwiri - OpenSSH, kukhazikitsa pansi pa utsogoleri wa Theo de A Raadt ndi ufulu zina kutsegula choyamba. Ndi ambiri ndipo ali m'gulu ndi kachitidwe kwambiri Unix ngati.

ndi SSH kasitomala ndi SSH Seva Kodi

protocol kugwirizana SSH akuyendera mwa zigawo ziwiri zikuluzikulu: a kasitomala ndi makina a.

Mu mawu osavuta, wosuta ndi kasitomala kuti waikidwa pa kompyuta wamba ali ndi makina kutali (Seva). Tikumbukenso kuti kasitomala akhoza akuyendera mawonekedwe wosuta mawonekedwe (monga ntchito destktopnoe) ndi ntchito mu osachiritsika (kutonthoza).

SSH Seva amamvetsera makasitomala ndi kugwirizana maukonde pamene inu amafika kwa kulumikiza zimapangitsa zoyenera kwa chilolezo. Pa bwino m'kupita imalankhula anapereka utumiki kutali kasitomala.

mwayi wotetezedwa ndi bungwe kudzera ndondomeko ndi kutsimikizika ntchito asymmetric kubisa ndi kiyi anthu pamene inu poyamba kugwirizana. Pa wotsatira kubisa ntchito ofananira.

SSH muyezo zikuphatikizapo ndondomeko zitatu:

• Transport Gulu Protocol - zipangitsa Seva kutsimikizika, zinsinsi ndi wokhulupirika. Imakhala deta psinjika. Amathamanga pamwamba pa TCP / IP.

• Kutsimikizika Protocol - amachita kutsimikizika kasitomala makina. Chili pa zoyendera protocol wosanjikiza.

• Protocol kugwirizana - ndi njira encrypted ndi multiplexed monga angapo zomveka njira ntchito ntchito zosiyanasiyana. Ilo liri pamwamba pa njira kutsimikizika.

chitetezo bwino kungakupatseni ndi kasitomala kutsimikizika pa makina kufika ndi kasitomala ssh ndi makina kutsimikizika kwa kasitomala. Kutsimikizika zikuchitika pa mbali zonse.

Kasitomala akutumiza pempho kwa nthawi yoyamba kukhazikitsidwa kugwirizana otetezeka wa zoyendera wosanjikiza. Pempho lachiwiri watumidwa pambuyo kutsimikizika SSH-kasitomala.

Kukhazikitsa OpenSSH

OpenSSH - ndi lotseguka gwero kukhazikitsa OpenBSD timu. Kodi Baibulo ambiri kudzera uzigawidwa mwaulere.

OpenSSH phukusi zikuphatikizapo ya zida:

• SSHD - Seva gawo.
• SSH - kasitomala mbali.
• SCP - ndi zofunikira kwa kukopera otetezeka file.
• SSH-keygen - amapanga makiyi anthu (RSA, DSA ndi zina) kwa makompyuta ndi owerenga.
• SSH-keyscan - akusonkhanitsa makiyi anthu mu maukonde.
• SSH-wothandizila - amasunga munthu RSA mafungulo kwa kutsimikizika atawapulumutsa makiyi anthu.
• SSH-pokha - anawonjezera latsopano makiyi payekha wothandizila SSH-wothandizira.
• SFTP-Seva - SFTP Seva.
• SFTP - zofunikira kuti adzatsekeredwa kutengera owona kudzera FTP.

OpenSSH zili m'gulu la yobereka bokosi kachitidwe kwambiri Unix ngati. Ambiri amaona Linux, Open (Free, Net) BSD, Solaris, HP-UX, Irix, MacOS X, ndi ena.

Tima ntchito chitukuko ikuchitika kukhazikitsa OpenSSH Windows, limene likupezeka dawunilodi pa webusaiti. Iwo limakupatsani kulenga SSH-Seva mu Windows banja la machitidwe ali ndi kasitomala SSH kulumikiza. OpenSSH Windows ali m'gulu yobereka CygWin.

Wotchuka kwambiri pakati pa osuta ndi kupereka zochokera Linux ngale. M'tsogolo, zitsanzo zonse za ntchito SSH ali anasonyeza kuti sintha OpenSSH. Pakuti momveka wa Linux adzaika SSH-kasitomala kwa Ubuntu, Windows ndipo Mac Os X.

Khazikitsa ndi Configuring openssh-Seva

Pali ambiri kasinthidwe options OpenSSH -server. Kuti sintha kasitomala ikhale zochokera Seva yosinthira. Chigawo chino chitsanzo cha SSH Seva anaika Ubuntu Server Edition. Mu mafotokozedwe wotsatira sintha makasitomala ntchito kasinthidwe a makina.

1. Pali njira ziwiri kukhazikitsa OpenSSH -server:

1.1. Sankhani OpenSSH -server unsembe phukusi yomweyo pa kudzifutukula Ubuntu Server /

1.2. Koperani ndi kukhazikitsa kwa zapamwamba ndi akuthamanga lamulo:

2. Khalani bwino mfundo SSHD Seva ndi kusakhulupirika kasinthidwe file / etc / ssh / sshd_config, ntchito lamulo:

3. Musanayambe kusintha zoikamo kusakhulupirika onetsetsani kuti kulenga buku kubwerera kwa file ndi kutetezera kulemba. Izi zichitike choncho, ngati mukufuna falitsani ku mfundo ndi kusakhulupirika mu chochitika kulakwa.

4. zoikamo ndi kusakhulupirika doko TCP 22. chitetezo, izo tikulimbikitsidwa kuti m'malo zake sanali muyezo Mwachitsanzo, 5754. Change wa Port malangizo ndi lamulo:

5. Sungani wapamwamba / Zina / ssh / sshd_config ndi Chisudzulo Chikuwononga SSHD:

Seva waikidwa ndi kukhazikitsidwa. Tsopano wakumvera pa doko 5754. ndi kusakhulupirika, kulumikiza wosuta aliyense akhoza lowani mu dongosolo ndi maudindo. Kutsimikizika imagwiridwa ndi ntchito achinsinsi kapena kiyi DSA, RSA, ed25519 neri Al.

Cross-nsanja OpenSSH-kasitomala osachiritsika. SSH kasitomala kwa Linux

Poyamba ananena kuti zofala kwambiri ntchito kukhazikitsa protocol wa SSH ndi OpenSSH, lomwe ndi kusakhulupirika akubwera ndi ambiri Linux distributions ikuluikulu. Nthawi zina, OpenSSH akhoza dawunilodi ku zapamwamba kwa distro izi.

Monga mbali ya OpenSSH kasitomala-phukusi akuyendera ngati SSH pulogalamu, amene amayendetsa lamulo lomwelo. Configuring kasitomala ndipo ankalamulira kudzera osachiritsika, iwo alibe mawonekedwe mawonekedwe. Amaona Baibulo ambiri kumodzi ndi wosuta-wochezeka.

Khazikitsa ndi configuring OpenSSH-kasitomala pa Ubuntu

Pa makina kutali wamukhazika ndi kukhazikitsidwa OpenSSH-Seva. Cholinga chake ndi kuti muwone kuti ichi kuchokera kompyuta wamba ikutha Ubuntu.

1. kusakhulupirika Ubuntu yogawa si anawonjezera OpenSSH-kasitomala, kotero muyenera kukhazikitsa ntchito:

2. Pambuyo pulogalamu unsembe ndi ankaipembedza SSH lamulo kwa osachiritsika popanda Muzu.

3. Ngati kutsimikizika wosuta ntchito ndi achinsinsi ndi:

1) Kugwirizana wopangidwa ndi:

• lolowera - dzina la akaunti pa makina kutali,
• khamu - ndi akumidzi Seva IP-adiresi (kapena dambwe ngati ankalamulira wakhala anapatsa makina);

2) atachita lamulo, muyenera akanikizire Lowani - mudzakhala chinachititsa kuti achinsinsi ndi; achinsinsi A chofunika pa nkhani kutali makina (ayenera kusamala kuti chitetezo cha achinsinsi si anasonyeza);

3) kulowa achinsinsi cholondola, kutali Seva osachiritsika zenera ndi moni ndi; Inu tsopano tikhoza kuchita malamulo kutero.

4. chochitika chilolezo kuti chofunika kwa makiyi DSA:

1) ngati kuli kofunika kupanga makiyi a boma ndi ena zotheka kwa SSH OpenSSH-kasitomala:

2) Njira pofikira anthu mukusungira file /home/user/.ssh/id_dsa.pub ndi kutsekedwa mu /home/user/.ssh/id_dsa;

3) ayenera anakopera ku makina kutali ndi kuwonjezera kwa gulu /home/user/.ssh/authorized_keys chilolezo kwaiye chinsinsi cha boma:

Tsopano wosuta mukhoza kutsimikizira ndi SSH-Seva popanda kulowa achinsinsi.

Khazikitsa ndi configuring OpenSSH kwa Cygwin Pokwelera pa Windows

Khazikitsa Cygwin Cygwin.exe kukhazikitsa file amene dawunilodi ku malo boma.

Cygwin - ndi kusonkhana zosiyanasiyana phukusi osiyana. Ntchito ndi osachiritsika kutali angofunika OpenSSH. Mungapeze mapuwa mu Cygwin.

Pambuyo inu kwabasi phukusi muyenera kuthamanga Cygwin Pokwelera ndi kulowa lamulo lotsatirali:

Ndiye dinani Enter. Adzakutengerani chinachititsa kulowa achinsinsi. Atayendetsa kutsimikizika limapezeka seva akutali wosuta osachiritsika moni.

malembedwe ali chimodzimodzi monga OpenSSH-kasitomala, zagwiridwa kwa Linux.

SSH-kasitomala mtanda nsanja GUI PuTTY

Putty - ndi mawonekedwe SSH kasitomala kwa makonzedwe kutali, womwenso kuthandiza protocol SSH. Pologalamuyi ndi anagawira ndi lotseguka gwero ndi mfulu kwathunthu.

Poyamba chikalata okha Os Windows, koma kasitomala patapita ported kwa Linux, izo zili m'gulu la zapamwamba pafupifupi onse distributions otchuka Linux.

Mwachangu anayamba kugwira ntchito Mac Os X.

PuTTY kasinthidwe zenera awoneka mofanana pa machitidwe onse ntchito. kusiyana alipo yekha mu njira unsembe. Choncho, unsembe adzakhala anatisonyeza mmene machitidwe atatu opaleshoni, ndiyeno - magawo a zoikamo PuTTY.

Khazikitsa PuTTY Linux Ubuntu

1. Ikani PuTTY ndi lamulo:

2. Yambani putty lamulo osachiritsika kapena pitani mbewa pa menyu:

3. zoikamo kasitomala zenera, kumene kuli koyenera kuti akalembetse magawo kugwirizana.

Khazikitsa PuTTY Windows

Kukhazikitsa chofunika putty.exe kukopera wapamwamba, kupulumutsa malo enaake, monga pa kompyuta. pulogalamu likuyamba ndi kudina awiri batani kumanzere mbewa.

PuTTY - SSH-kasitomala kwa Mac. Khazikitsa ndi kuthamanga GUI-Baibulo

Pa nthawi ya kulemba PuTTY ali mokwanira akhala ported ntchito pa Mac Os X. mavuto mu buku la gawo limene ndi amene mawonekedwe mawonekedwe.

Pakuti unsembe, muyenera kuchita ntchito ina waukuluwo.

1. Ikani Xcode.

phukusi la zofunikira ndi mapulogalamu ku Apple kupanga ndi kumanga ofunsira Mac Os X.

Ndi Os Baibulo la Mac X 10,7 Mkango m'pofunika kuika «Lamulo Line Zida Xcode» ndi Apple webusaiti Wolemba Mapulogalamu.

Pambuyo unsembe chofunika kuvomereza pangano chilolezo:

2. Ikani Xquartz.

Izi kukhazikitsa Seva X.Org X Tsamba System (X11) kwa Mac Os X. Amafuna Kuti GUI-buku la PuTTY, zinalembedwa GTK +. Ikani webusaiti cha boma. Pambuyo khazikitsa ndi relogin chofunika.

3. Ikani Homebrew.

Unsembe wopangidwa ndi:

Kenako muyenera fufuzani kwa unsembe olondola a timu:

4. Ikani Putty, kuchita:

Dongosololi akhoza kutenga oposa ola, monga ndi kuchuluka kwa dependencies ngati Glib / GTK + / Pango / Cairo.

5. Kukonza wapamwamba oyambitsa Putty.app.

Muyenera kuthamanga Automator.app. Mtundu chikalata kusankha "pulogalamu" zochita muyenera kusankha "athamangadi chigoba script" mu bokosi athandizira kukhazikitsa njira kwa executable file «/ wosuta / m'dera / bin / putty», kupulumutsa monga «putty.app», kuwapatsa malangizo ndi file mtundu " pulogalamu "kwa Directory" pulogalamu. " Ngati n'koyenera, muyezo chizindikiro akhoza m'malo.

Kuika SSH kasitomala PuTTY

Njira atakhala mawonekedwe kasitomala SSH PuTTY awoneka mofanana pa machitidwe onse ntchito. Maonekedwe kusiyana pang'ono, malingana ndi kamangidwe ka malo antchito.

Kulumikiza ndi makina kutali kudzera SSH amafuna kuwazemba PuTTY. Mu zenera chifukwa, uike magawo:

Kulumikiza Mtundu - mtundu kugwirizana - anakhazikitsa SSH.

Mwamantha Dzina (kapena IP-adress) - dzina khamu kapena IP-adiresi - apa mwachindunji kumidzi Seva IP-adiresi, dzina ankalamulira kapena Internet adiresi. Mu chitsanzo ichi Anatipatsa IP-adiresi 192.168.128.3

Port - kumvetsera doko - Seva, yopatsidwa chitsanzo, adzaika doko 5754. ake ndi mfundo.

Ngati anakhumba, mukhoza kusunga zokonda kwa gawoli.

Pamene inu tilimbikire "Open" batani, zenera osachiritsika adzaoneka, kumene ayenera kulowa kutali makina dzina achinsinsi chifukwa nkhaniyo.

Ngati ndi kotheka, kasitomala kutsimikizika kiyi awiri chofunika puttygen.exe zofunikira kuti akuthamanga Mawindo. PuTTY-Gen amapanga awiri makiyi a boma ndi ena.

Kiyi onse ayenera zidzawonjezedwa pa makina, iyo ndi kwaiye mu SSH muyezo. Kuwonjezera kiyi mungathe chimodzimodzi OpenSSH kudzera osachiritsika kapena kudzera PuTTY, atadutsa woyamba kutsimikizika malowedwe achinsinsi.

Kiyi payekha ndi kwaiye .ppk mtundu ndipo anawonjezera kuti kasitomala. Kumanzereku mu mtengo kupeza SSH, kukuza mndandanda kupeza Auth ndi chizindikiro ichi mu «Private kiyi file kwa kutsimikizika» sankhani kiyi.

Pambuyo mwai izi, wosuta mukhoza kutsimikizira kuti ndi makina popanda achinsinsi a.

Pa nthawi, PuTTY SSH kasitomala imatengedwa ndi GUI konsekonse. kutukula lachitatu chipani analenga Gao-Feng SSH-kasitomala kwa Android, monga Baibulo mafoni a PuTTY.

Best SSH-kasitomala

Padakali palibe kugwirizana pa ntchito zimene SSH-kasitomala bwino. System olamulira osankhidwa zida zochokera zofuna zawo.

Monga ulamuliro, mapulogalamuwanso * Unix-kachitidwe amakonda kugwiritsa ntchito SSH muyezo ku phukusi OpenSSH. Iwo ali bwino chilengedwe malembedwe ndipo amapezeka mwachindunji ku osachiritsika a. Chifukwa ntchito ndi zipangizo zina monga otetezeka file buku (SCP) si chofunika kukhazikitsa pulogalamu zina. Zonse muyenera ali m'gulu OpenSSH.

mafani GUI amene Amagwira ntchito mu Windows machitidwe zikugwira ntchito, ntchito PuTTY. Akukhulupirira kuti izi ndi zopambana SSH-kasitomala Windows. Ilo liri ndi zipangizo zonse zofunikira tunneling, kutengera owona, ndi zina zotero, ngakhale inafunika kutsitsa zigawo zina.