GOZ "Obukhov fakitale", St. Petersburg

St. Petersburg - akulodza mzinda komwe mbiri amayenda pamodzi woterewu lonse, anakumbatirana m'mabwalo ndi ooneka aliyense amene amapita iye. Apa zapiringizana kukambirana okonzera, kubangula kwa chosintha proletarian khamu kunong'onezana osasweka anatseka misewu, ndipo koposa zonse kukuzungulira kukumbukira ndi chikondi cha mzinda - chikole, aliyense payekha. Fakitale choyamba, kamodzi kubisala mu mzinda wa likulu la Peter, tsopano mbali ya zomangamanga m'tauni. GOZ "Obukhov mbewu" kale akuwawerengera zana lachiwiri la mbiri yake, ndipo chitsanzo chake akhoza mme- magawo a mafakitale la Russia.

Yomanga ndi kuyamba ntchito

Anayambitsa mbewu, Obukhov P. Kudryavtsev SG ndi Putilov N. I., May 4, 1863 analowa ndi Utumiki Maritime contractual mgwirizano pa ntchito yomanga ogwira kuti yopanga zitsulo chosungunula. Malo tsogolo la chimphona anadziŵikitsidwa kumudzi wa thirakiti Alexandrov Shlisselburgsky. Mfumu Alexander Wachiwiri anali ndi mabizinezi chidwi boma, ndipo anapereka gawo la dziko la fakitale Alexander. Zolinga za Partnership ndi kupanga kupanga zida zatsopano kwa nyumba, ndi kumanga ngalawa ndi ufulu kwa amapereka yachilendo manja.

P. Obukhov anali anayambitsa njira yatsopano yopanga zitsulo pulasitala, amene anakonza ntchito pa kampani yomangidwa kumene chitetezo, choncho mmera dzina lake ulemu. Kuwonjezera kutha kubweretsa luso kwa ndondomekoyi, chidwi anthu adamfunsa rearmament, zinadziwika atagonjetsedwa ku Crimea nkhondo. Omangika ndi anapezerapo ntchito za bizinesi msanga maphatikizidwe choyamba, anatenga malo April 17, 1864. Mfumu Alexander Wachiwiri analipo pa chomera pa April 30 pamene akuponya bala zitsulo kwa mfuti m'tsogolo pa asanu ndi atatu.

kusintha

Factory woyamba mgwirizano analibe likulu zokwanira pofuna kukwaniritsa kampaniyo, motero anaganiza kutenga ngongole yaikulu ku banki kugulira zipangizo yachilendo. ngongole linatengedwa pansi chitsimikizo boma, ndi guarantor anachita sitima Utumiki. Kuwayang'anira ntchito ndalama ndi alipire ngongole analengedwa ndi bolodi ndi mkulu wa fakitale, izo anasankhidwa mkulu-leytinant Kolokoltsov AA

Kuwonjezera zida zankhondo, chomera katswiri yopanga axles ndi mawilo kwa njanji, apamwamba opaleshoni, chida, kujambula zipangizo. Zitsulo adaperekedwa kwa England, Germany, kumene iye anali wokondwa kuti apeza chifukwa cha mkulu khalidwe ndi mtengo wotsika kuposa kupanga m'deralo. Chomera bwinobwino mudzalipidwa ngongole ndiponso amayenera kubwerera m'manja payekha.

Monga anali boma

Kupereka njira ndi opindulitsa ogwira sanali zofuna za boma. Lamulo Alexander II, mbewu kunditumiza ku umwini wa breech ndi magawo a anagulidwa kuchokera eni. zinatenga malo mu 1886, pa mfundo imeneyi chomera zotsatirazi shopu ntchito:

• Zitsulo.
• Platen.
• Osewera zitsulo foundry.
• Molotov.
• Mfuti kuwamaliza.
• Akupeka.

zasayansi drovosushilka ndi gasi ntchito inakhazikitsidwa kuonetsetsa ndondomeko kupanga. Ntchito ndodo inkakhala opanga zitsulo Zlatoust ndi artisanal-Urals amisiri amene ankagwira ntchito ku wosula, gunsmith.

GOZ "Obukhov fakitale" (St. Petersburg), ndi katundu boma, anali ndi ufulu malonda, osati kuwathandiza ku Zachuma, koma kukhala ndalama zawo. Management wa kampani nthawi zonse zikugwira ntchito yomanga chomera, kugula zida latsopano kupanga akunja adzakhala shopu kukodzedwa, kukhala atsopano. Akatswiri zonse anapita maulendo kunja, kukhala umisiri wa zitsulo yadothi, bwino zitsanzo atsopano a zida, makina ndi zipangizo.

Kuti mphamvu malo mayeso chinafunika. Chifukwa idamangidwa pa chaka cha 1898 pa gombe lamanja la Neva Mtsinje Anagula munda wa Prince Oldenburgskogo P. G. mbewu ubongo zinachitika mu increments zaka lotsatira. Mu 1904, Alexander wa zitsulo ndi sitima zomera unali olumikizidwa kwa SDO ndi, "Obukhov fakitale," ndipo mu 1905 kampani anakhazikitsa opto-makina msonkhano mafakitale. Mu 1906, a Wachiwiri mankhwala kuwala anapambana Zikho Gold pa World mbiri chionetsero kuwala (France, Bordeaux).

Atsopano, 20 m'ma, zinadziwika kuti fakitare ndi limodzi atsogoleri a makampani Russian. chiwerengero cha ogwira ntchito chinali pafupi 4 zikwi anthu, ndipo mu 1914 chiwerengerochi chinawonjezeka antchito 10.266, kuonetsetsa zabwinobwino komanso watanthauzo kuti achita zambiri. mpingo inamangidwa, wopatulidwa polemekeza St. Paulo, ntchito sukulu ndi sukulu antchito 'ana, chithandizo anapereka kuchipatala outpatient chipatala, laibulale, analenga "Kugula Society", anali nyumba ogwira ntchito ndi mabanja.

Pa nthawi kuchokera 1867 mpaka 1908 ndipo SDO "Obukhov fakitale" chifukwa apamwamba ndi mankhwala nzeru, ali mphoto oposa 10 pa yapamwamba zisudzo mayiko ndi zoweta. Monga chizindikiro cha nyota wapadera pamaso njanji boma mu kupereka mawilo apamwamba, axles ndi zinthu zina, mbewu anali kupereka ufulu kuika chizindikiro mitundu yake ndi zizindikiro. Kuyambira 1908 kampani anapatsidwa ufulu ndi mbendera yake. Mu 1913, zotsatira za m'ma hafu ya ntchito analengeza. Tsiku la makumi asanu ndi fakitale wakhala mmodzi wa mafakitale waukulu wa Russia, atatchuka kunja bwinobwino mpikisano ndi kampani German Krupp ndi Armstrong mu English tsopano.

pambuyo zisinthe

Pambuyo 1917 mpaka 1920 kampani anali ndi nyansi, zinthu ali okhazikika ndi kubera malo Director Serov VD Chifukwa Civil nkhondo, mu 1918, SDO "Obukhov fakitale" (St. Petersburg) anadulidwa ku malamulo, mwa kundipatsako kwa zipangizo, antchito analandira mawerengedwe, ndipo anachotsedwa (anthu 12 zikwi). Chigamulo pa realigning kampani kutulutsa crawler thalakitala anapangidwa kumapeto 1918. Ndi ntchito kale kupanga wakhala malonda otchuka chifukwa njanji, ankafunika kukonza a ngolo katundu, sitima, kupanga akasupe, mayendedwe. Zolinga wamba mu dongosolo ntchito izo envisaged kupanga makasu, zitsulo za threshers. Pakuti kukhazikitsa dongosolo boma ntchito ya 4000 antchito, akatswiri, amaphunzitsidwa ndi amisiri unatengedwa.

Choyamba crawler mathirakitala akhala modernized magalimoto American wa mtundu "Holt". Woyamba mathirakitala atatu aja anawatumiza kutsogolo kwa mayendedwe zida wolemera mu 1919. Kumapeto kwa Civil Nkhondo Petrograd makampani anayamba kutsitsimutsa. Mu chaka cha 1921, mmodzi wa waukulu otsegula moto ng'anjo unayamba mu mbewu (5,000 T), ndi thalakitala chachiwiri analandira kupuma. GOZ Obukhov zomera ndi ogwira anapanga chiyambi cha kuŵeta wa mathirakitala.

Mu 1922 chomera anadzatchedwa Petrograd boma zitsulo mbewu "Bolshevik" (dzina mbiri anabwezeretsedwa mu 1992). Mu chaka chomwecho kampani anaikidwa boma. lamulo kwa kupanga injini ndege. The mankhwala oyamba anawamasula ku November 7, 1923, ndipo mu 1925 ndege ndi injini "Bolshevik" fakitale anapanga ndege Moscow - Beijing - Tokyo.

Mu zaka wotsatira, kampani manufactures mankhwala mu ankafuna ntchito yomanga angapo maofesi a mafakitale (a Magnitogorsk, Kuznetsk mphero), ndi Moscow okwerera sitima, pa Volkhov Mphamvu Station ndi ena ambiri. kunyada Special ndi kupanga zithunzi "Hammer ndi chikwakwa" chifukwa mndandanda woyamba wa boma la Russia nyenyezi ndi mafupa wa zitsulo kwa boma la Russia rube nyenyezi.

Mu 1927, kampani anayamba misa-kubala MS-1 (T-18) akasinja, ndiye magawano anakhala chilli (thanki Bzalani. Voroshilov tsopano a "The Star"). Kulengedwa timu GOZ "Obukhov fakitale" anakonzedwa zida zankhondo machitidwe likungosonyeza. Yaikulu prewar heyday kampani wakhala akwaniritsa pa directorship Ustinova D. F., kuyambira 1938 mpaka 1941.

Great kukonda dziko lako Nkhondo

Nkhondo ndi chiyambi cha anatseka misewu ya Leningrad posachedwa kwambiri chepetse chiwerengero cha anthu ogwira ntchito kufakitale Obukhov, koma kampani akupitiriza kubala zinthu zofunika patsogolo. Ena masitolo zinasungidwa, ntchito anapitiriza zokambirana ndi lolunjika pa nkhani ya lamulo la asilikali. Pa nthawi ya nkhondo mbewu anayikidwa kutsogolo:

• Oti muli nazo zida ndi zachiwawa zipolopolo (opitirira mamiliyoni 20 mayunitsi).
• Tsatanetsatane wa ndege Mph dongosolo "Katyusha" (90,000).
• Mbali kwa mfuti makina "limakhulupirira" (11,000).
• Mines (125 zikwi).
• mabatire atsopano zida zankhondo kusinthidwa kwa njanji nsanja (zidutswa 30).
• Siriyo yopanga odana thanki mfuti.

Komanso anapanga zomangamanga ndi kumanga zipangizo, munthu zoteteza zipangizo ndege, sapper sled. M'zaka nkhondo, kampani ataya ogwira ntchito oposa 4 zikwi, ena a iwo anafa ndi njala, ndi ena - kutsogolo. ntchito amunamuna antchito fakitale achita dongosolo la Red mbendela.

yamtendere

kukonza zimene Obukhov fakitale nkhondo unali pafupifupi rubles 60 miliyoni. Ntchito yobwezeretsa inayamba mu 1943, mphamvu yaikulu anatumizidwa ku kukonza ng'anjo otsegula moto. Kuyambira m'chaka cha 1945, kampani anayamba ntchito yomanga. Woyamba positi-nkhondo kuti mtendere kupanga chinapezeka mwa zipangizo zaulimi.

Full kupanga mkombero wabwezeretsedwa pofika cha 1948. Memory ntchito ndi nthawi ino - kuchokera amapereka boma kasamalidwe anakana, kampani katswiri kupanga mankhwala malonda. Inasanduka neftekachalki kwa makampani mankhwala, pakuti yamachubu mobisa, ulimi adakula tempo, kuchita malamulo muyezo. Mu 1957, onse ng'anjo yotsegula malo osonkhapo moto anali makina, zomwe chinawonjezeka chiwerengero cha mankhwala unayendera wotetezedwa steelmakers ntchitoyo.

Mu 1980 ntchito yaikulu ya SDO ndi, "Obukhov fakitale" anali:

• Kumasulidwa wachitsulo wa sukulu zosiyanasiyana.
• Kuponyera zitsulo ndi zitsulo sanali akakhala.
• Large-kakulidwe makina.
• Mbali zomera mphamvu za nyukiliya.
• Mapampu kwa mafuta.
• Mbali zombo (a Navy ndiponso anthu wamba).
• Tsatanetsatane wa mauthenga danga.
• zida pansi makampani danga.
• katundu ogula (zitsulo).
• Ulimi makina.

M'zaka za m'ma 21

Mu 2002 kampani anakhala gawo la Concern PVO "Almaz-Antey" ndipo mu 2003, fakitare anasintha mawonekedwe a umwini ndi opereka magawo, ndipo anatchedwa JSC GOZ "Obukhov fakitale" (St. Petersburg). Mu 2004, ndi Pulezidenti wa kampani Russian analowa mndandanda wa mabizinezi Russian njira. Chomera umabala mankhwala a boma, mafakitale ndi asilikali.

Makasitomala chachikulu ndi Utumiki wa silikhali, a mabungwe yazamalamulo. Chomera amapereka mankhwala ake kuti m'mayiko ena, monga China, Vietnam, Egypt ndi ena. Pa gawo lino mu masitolo a mbewu ndi ankamangidwanso, anaika zida zatsopano, kuyambitsa umisiri wotsogola. Ntchito yaikulu kuti boma la chitetezo, "Obukhov fakitale" (St. Petersburg) mu zaka kudza adzakhala womasulidwa wa mankhwala zina zamakono, chitukuko cha umisiri mkulu, kukhazikitsa malamulo boma ndi asilikali.

zomangamanga

Mawotchi Engineering - khalidwe lomwe kutsogolera ntchito ya zomera ndi kuwonetsedwa osiyana structural unit. Ntchito imapereka kasamalidwe malonda, ikuchitika mosalekeza kusinthidwa chuma ndi zipangizo luso, maholo kupanga zili ndi mizere zamakono zatenga malo aakulu, ogwira ntchito ndi akatswiri, ndodo ndizo ogwira ntchito kwambiri oyenerera.

Stock kampani GOZ Obukhov chomera ofotokoza zokambirana zomangamanga anavomereza yaikulu mndandanda wa mankhwala:

• Launchers kwa maroketi.
• Chida zida.
• launchers Sitima chida zolinga zosiyana.
• dongosolo depreciation chifukwa chotengera roketi "Mphamvu" m'mlengalenga "Buran", intercontinental ballistic mivi.
• zodzitetezera zomera mphamvu za nyukiliya.
• Makina zoyendera ndiponso zogula VOP.
• Zipangizo kachitidwe danga anaziika.
• Machine zida kupala matabwa ndi miyala ntchito.
• Katundu, olimba zida.
• Zipangizo masewera ndiye. d. mwa ngalandezi ndi zambiri.

dipatimenti kapangidwe

Experimental Design Bureau kumanja ndi wolandila miyambo anakhazikitsa anayambitsa fakitale mu 1865. Popeza 1948, amasinthira ndi osiyana structural unit wa kampani. Engineering zina zamakono chitukuko amasinthira, kwa zaka zonse kuli kampani, akhala akuyendera kupanga mankhwala zolinga asilikali ndi yapachiweniweni:

• Wamakono wa mathirakitala crawler.
• Kukula kwa injini ndege.
• Wanga, zida zankhondo zida za Navy ndi Army.
• Thanki T-26 flamethrower thanki, kudzikonda injini zida zankhondo unit.
• zida zida ndi makhazikitsidwe.
• Roketi launchers.
• Civil, mafakitale ndi malonda zida.

Reviews

Pafupifupi 5000 antchito ntchito pa SDO "Obukhov kubzala. ' Reviews umene antchito, kusonyeza ziyenera a munthu kupanga malo, kumene ndinali kugwira ntchito. Zabwino maganizo awo pa mtendere malipiro, zonse phindu phukusi, malo omasuka ntchito zipangizo chitetezo ndi zida.

Anthu ambiri ogwira ntchito ngati gulu, kumene kunachitika ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku, mungathandize nawo zinachitikira ndi chidziwitso. Iwo ananena kuti shopu onse zokonzedwa bwino mkangano m'nyengo yozizira ndi mpweya wokwanira m'chilimwe. Pakuti ambiri mwa chinsinsi polowa mu kampani anabwera monga anadabwa. Kutuluka ndi kupita chitetezo GOZ Obukhov mbewu JSC n'chotheka m'malo mwa maulendo, ndi nthawi pa ntchito yawo zonse kanema anaziika.

kuwunika zoipa anamasulidwa dongosolo kopeleka malipiro umene ndalama zina ndi kupereka kwa yowonjezera, kupita ku ntchito za tchuti ndi kumapeto kwa sabata. Izi amalenga chodabwitsa salimbikitsa - onse amakhala pa ntchito, koma zabwino za chibwana izi si, ndi umafunika anditchaja achabechabe prosizhivanie kuntchito. Kunena zoona, ndodo ananena kuti deta mu wolembedwa ntchito yakulipidwa mkulu malipiro akulonjeza kukula ntchito, mkulu umafunika si wolungama.

Reviews ndi mthunzi ndi chenicheni. Pa kuzionetsetsa bwino muona zimaonekeratu kuti ntchito m'madipatimenti ena, palibe amene si zogwira mtima kapena mwa mawu a malipiro a iliyonse zinthu. Voliyumu ya malipiro mlanduwo zina komanso kwakukulukulu amadalira ukatswiri, ndi luso mlingo wa wogwila ntchito kwa udindo yotseguka boma kuti chitetezo, "Obukhov kubzala. '

adiresi

kampaniyo ili mu St. Petersburg, pa Njira Obukhov chitetezo dongosolo 120. Pamene fakitale ndi zakale, kumene zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho, kuwauza za mbiri ya kampani, anasonkhanitsa mndandanda wa katundu ndi zida za nkhondo, anapereka yonena za ogwira ntchito kwambiri.