Aliyense katundu - mu utumiki zosowa zathu!

Aliyense wa ife mu ogula malingaliro! Ife womasuka mu moyo, muyenera mmodzi kapena nkhani ina kupanga wotchedwa: katundu.

Kukumana ndi zosowa zathu

Mu zonse, pali Inde, chuma ndi zofuna za chikhalidwe. Iwo ayenera kugulitsa, mwinamwake moyo wathu umakhala watsopano ndi wotopetsa. katundu aliyense ogula cholinga chabe zogulitsa kwa anthu kuti zofunikirazi, ndi ntchito zina zamitundu yosiyanasiyana.

tanthauzo

Mawu akuti "katundu" zayamba mchiphunzitso cha zachuma kufotokoza mtundu wa mankhwala chosiyana ndi kupanga, mwachitsanzo. E. Sizikudziwika njira yopanga. Nawonso, cholinga kuti ntchito zamalonda. Ndipo kodi katundu? Chifukwa amapangidwa mwachindunji kwa dera munthu.

kapangidwe yopanga

Pali magulu awiri waukulu wa mankhwala:

• "A" - makampani, kutsata yopanga zina katundu.

• "B" - analenga ntchito.

Chiŵerengero pakati pa magulu awa ndiyo zochitika zonse za vuto la zachuma. Monga njira yamakono, pali malamulo a ubwino wa njira yopanga. Pamene mankhwala ogula (mtundu uliwonse) monga limayenda mu maziko. Koma chitukuko masiku ano chosintha sayansi chimatheka ndi patsogolo ulimi wa katundu ogula (chidule - TNP)!

m'mbiri

Mwachitsanzo, chuma cha USSR, ngakhale yomwe ananena "moyo kuwonjezeka ogwira ntchito", kupanga katundu wa gulu "A" ndi chitetezo kupereka kuganizira chachikulu. Kwa moyo wa gululo kuti "B". Chifukwa - ndi disproportion ndi kuchepekedwa kwa katundu ogula (ambiri kukumbukira maalumali yopanda magolosale ndi "katundu chikhalidwe" soseji "pansi pa kauntala", "kukoka" zipangizo banja ndi mipando). Kenako, ndi mawu oyamba mu Russia ndi mayiko a positi-Soviet bizinesi danga, kusiyana pang'onopang'ono angaimbidwenso. Koposa chidwi linaperekedwa kwa zosowa za anthu, chuma ndi chikhalidwe. Ndipo overproduction a mitundu ina ya mankhwala basi Sachita mtengo.

Gawo

Izi makamaka chakudya ndi katundu ogula si chakudya. Koma iwo, kachiwiri, ukunenedwa kukumana chomaliza ankafuna kugula, banja lake, kwawo, munthu aliyense yekha. Popeza chakudya momveka bwino. Izi zosiyanasiyana chakudya (koma osati Gourmet), zakumwa (koma mowa osati osankhika). Omwe sanali zakudya monga: zovala, nsapato, zipangizo banja, mipando, zida zomangira, galimoto, ndi zina. Kupanga mtundu wa katundu - maziko a chuma cha mayiko ambiri. Bukuli lili pa mwadongosolo mankhwala mowa misa. mankhwala umodzi ndi chobvalidwa, chakale, salinso zogwirizana ndi mfundo zina. M'malo ndi mzake, kusinthidwa (latsopano lachitsanzo), womwe wakhala mfundo ena ambiri zovomerezeka. Ndipo kotero - kuti osawerengeka ku ungwiro (maonekedwe kapena kukoma - onse mofanana).

khalidwe misa

Monga ulamuliro, katundu si zapamwamba kapena yekha. Iwo ntchito mwa m'magulu onse a anthu mofanana. Kudziwa khalidwe Unyinji wa mowa awo.

Ndipo iwo anawagawa mankhwala a tsiku ndi tsiku ndi kufunika wapadera. Kugula mankhwala Choncho chosowa (chakudya, zovala, nsapato, mankhwala), kapena kugwirizana ndi zina ndalama chifukwa kugula, choncho ndi bwino kuti Pre-kusankha mtengo, quality, sewerolo kwa munthu (mwachitsanzo galimoto kapena chuma) .

assortment

Uwu ndi mndandanda wa magulu, mitundu ya katundu ogula amagulitsidwa maukonde ritelo, limene lonse mankhwala osiyanasiyana deta yawonongeka. Cholinga lalikulu la imene malonda ayenera kukhala wosangalala pazipita ankafuna kugula. Choncho, mapangidwe assortment akubwera patsogolo pafupifupi sitolo. The ambiri abwino tsopano super- ndi hypermarkets, imene ife tikuziwona ankaimira pafupifupi mitundu yonse nkotheka mankhwala. Ndi pa malo ogulitsira amenewa ikuchitika patsogolo yobereka katundu ogula mwachindunji ku mafakitale, zomwe ndiyo kugwilizana pazipita ndi muyezo wa mankhwala "mtengo kwambiri".

zotsatira

Onse a magulu a pamwamba ndi magulu a katundu, amene amakhala mu ankafuna, kaya nyengo kapena zinthu zina, ndi anafotokozedwa ndi mawu akuti "katundu". Koma tikumbukire kuti kugula mphamvu ya nzika ambiri wake "ogula dengu" zimadalira angathe kulipira, malipiro analandira mwa iwo. Choncho, "Chabwino" boma nthawi zonse amasamalira izo. Ndipotu, ngati tikamayesetsa kupeza - zambiri mungathe ndi kuthera!