Fuluwenza - ndi zotsatira za nyenyezi kapena matenda opatsirana

Chaka chilichonse, mwamsanga pamene mukubwera yophukira zosaphika ndi ozizira, pamodzi ndi nyengo sili ambiri a ife limagwira chimfine kapena fuluwenza. Ndi matenda enaake kuti, ngakhale kuti khama lonse la anthu, "kuba" chaka lonse la miyoyo yawo. Ndiye n'chifukwa mu kugwa kapena oyambirira yozizira, ndi konzekera ife "akuika" masabata mu chimfine bedi? Kodi muyenera kuchita kuti kudwala? Tisanayankhe mafunso amenewa, tiyeni tikumbukire kuti fuluwenza, tanthauzo ndi kumene anachokera.

Kodi zikutanthauza

Dzina lolondola ndi: "fuluwenza", koma Russian mizu mawonekedwe cholakwika cha mawu - "fuluwenza". Mumtambowo Italy mu Russian, komanso mu zinenero zambiri ku Ulaya. Pali malingaliro angapo za m'mene zinachitikira mawu.

Mmodzi mwa iwo anati kuti asayansi akale ndi madokotala alephera chifukwa cha matenda m'dziko, ndi okhulupirira nyenyezi anapereka kwa Baibulo malinga ndi zimene makonzedwe apadera a zakuthambo zingakhudze anthu ndi kuyambitsa matenda. Kumasulira mwachindunji ku fuluwenza Italy amatanthauza "amadza, zimakhudza."

Baibulo lina la prosaic kwambiri. Malinga ndi fuluwenza izi - ndi chidule kuti mawu amodzi Italy akuti - ". Zotsatira za kuzizira" fuluwenza di fredo, omwe anamasuliridwa ngati Dzina limeneli ankatchedwa chimfine onse ndi matenda opatsirana, pakutchulidwa imene kugwirizana ndi hypothermia. Mu mankhwala, mawu wakhala mbe pambuyo pa mapeto a XVIII m'ma chimfine mliri.

The anthu ambiri ntchito ndi ife m'dzina la ichi "chimfine" patapita zambiri zinachokera ku Chifulenchi.

ndi matenda Kodi

Chimfine kapena fuluwenza - izo zimakhudza anthu thirakiti kupuma pachimake nthenda, mbali ya gulu lalikulu, wotchedwa matenda pachimake kupuma tizilombo (ARI). Amachititsa matenda ortomiksovirusov - Myxovirus influenzae. Asayansi apeza atatu a mitundu yake yaikulu, omwe losiyana kwambiri pa matabwa ake ndi mzake: A, B ndi C. Chifukwa cha ichi, ndi refresher kapena katemera aliyense wa mitundu, mungathe "nsomba" enawo ndipo kachiwiri kudwala.

A mbiri pang'ono

Amaganiza kuti fuluwenza kapena fuluwenza - matenda masiku ano. Amati wosazindikira munthu anadwala iwo, n'kovuta, chifukwa matenda sasiya aliyense kuvulala structural kunja pa mafupa mu mafupa a anthu. Komabe, ambiri magwero olembedwa akusonyeza kuti zaka zoposa 1,000, anthu akuvutika ndi matenda opatsirana. Academician VM Zhdanov limanena kuti pa nthawi iyi panali osachepera 13 mliri ndi pafupifupi 500 miliri ya fuluwenza.

Chotero olemba zakale Diofor, Tito Livy ndi Hippocrates anafotokoza matenda amenewa imene odwala anakumana ndi kuwonjezeka lakuthwa kutentha zokwanira mwatsatanetsatane, minofu ndi mutu, kusapeza mu mmero. Zinaonetsa kuti chimfine kapena fuluwenza - kwambiri matenda opatsirana kufalikira mofulumira mu ena m'madera, ndi zosangalatsa mayiko lonse ndi m'maiko.

Woyamba zalembedwa umboni wa AIDS fuluwenza-, ndiye amatchedwa "Italy malungo" ndi kufala kwa mayiko ambiri a ku Ulaya, amatanthauza 1580.

Dzina "fuluwenza" Mliri pambuyo pa zaka 1780-1782. Malinga ndi chiphunzitso china za chiyambi cha dzina, izo aumbike ku Latin mawu influere, likumasuliridwa kuti "kufalikira, kudutsa" kuti umasonyezadi ndi kafalitsidwe liwiro ndi kufulumira kwa isanayambike.

Miliri ya fuluwenza (fuluwenza) uka zambiri, koma kunkakhala tsoka lonse, ali katatu anayi zaka handiredi, ndipo amatchedwa mliri.

Miliri ndi mliri wa masiku athu

M'mbiri yamakono, pali zotsatirazi, kwambiri wathuwu mliri:

• "Spanish chimfine" mu 1918-1920 chifukwa cha HIV kwa H1N1, anatenga Chiyerekezo yovuta miyoyo anthu pafupifupi 20 miliyoni;
• Mliri wa zaka 1957-1958, otchedwa Asian chimfine chifukwa cha HIV H2N2, wapha za miliyoni 1 anthu;
• chifukwa cha H3N2 mtundu wa chimfine Hong Kong wa 1968-1969 inapha 34 000 anthu;
• Russian chimfine 1977-1978 nthawi.

Akatswiri ena amakonda m'kagulu ndipo zinayambira mu 1997 "mbalame" ndipo mu 2009 "chimfine nkhumba", koma asayansi ambiri amakhulupirira kuti ndi mliri.