Total hypothermia: zimayambitsa ndi zotsatira zake. thandizo kwa supercooling

Thupi la munthu amatha kupirira kwambiri, koma pali malire, umene kusintha kungayambitse mavuto aakulu. Zoyambitsa kuphwanya angathe chofunika monga kutentha otsika. Pamene munthu kwa nthawi yaitali kukhudzana ndi ozizira, angagwe hypothermia. Pankhaniyi, kutentha thupi akutsikira mlingo yovuta, akusokoneza machitidwe onse ndi ziwalo.

zifukwa

Total hypothermia zambiri zimachitika ndi kutopa thupi, anakakamizika anthu kuyenda ana, achikulire ndi anthu amene ali mu wakomoka. Kukulitsa nkhaniyo angakhale kuvulala, mphepo yamphamvu, zovala yonyowa, mankhwala kapena mowa kuledzera, mkulu chinyezi, kutopa. Hypothermia bwino zimayamba ndi ngakhale kuviika mu dziwe ozizira. Mlingo ndipo zotsatira zake kudzadalira yaitali bwanji pamaso pa madzi.

umboni

Angadziwire zizindikiro za hypothermia si wovuta. Choyamba, munthuyo amamva funde la mphamvu, chisangalalo kwambiri, koma nthawi yomweyo khungu lake wotumbululuka, pali cyanosis wa makona nasolabial. Kenako akuyamba kufupika kwa mpweya, zimachitika mofulumira pali malungo amphamvu. Ngati kanthu zachipatala pa mfundo imeneyi Sadadzipangire, zizindikiro idzapambana: malemeredwe m'malo mwa mphwayi, ulesi, sluggishness. Munthu akhoza kusuntha, adzakhala ofooka, kumva kuwodzera. anthu ambiri kutaya chikumbumtima zimenezo. Ngati kunyalanyaza tsembwe, zotsatira zake zingakhale zoopsa. Kulephera amamasulira chithandizo kumayambitsa kutha kwa ntchito kupuma ndipo mtima, kotero kuti munthu akamwalira.

Frostbite ndi hypothermia. madigiri

KUSIYANA KWA hypothermia ndi zitatu:

• Easy. Thupi kutentha amagwa madigiri 32-34. Wodwala akumva kuzizira, amavutika kulankhula chifukwa cha kugwedera kwa milomo ndi m'munsi nsagwada. Iye anati bluish nasolabial makona, wotumbululuka mtundu wa khungu, thupi yokutidwa ndi nyerere yaing'ono. Anzanu anakhalabe mu osiyanasiyana wabwinobwino, kumawonjezera pang'ono zina. Munthu akhoza kusuntha paokha. N'zotheka maonekedwe a foci wa frostbite digiri yoyamba wachiwiri.

• Avereji. Thupi kutentha amagwa madigiri 29-32. Chimakwirira wa khungu kukhala ozizira kukhudza, kukhala cyanotic hue. Wodwala anakumana somnolence ndi mphwayi zimachitika osayanjanitsika kwa iye. Tsembwe panthawi imeneyi amakhala ndi mkhalidwe "torpor": munthu sakugonja ndi funso, analankhula naye, kunja zikuchitika. Kuthamanga penapake yafupika, kupuma umakhala osowa kugunda kwa mtima kubweza. Mphamvu ndi kayendedwe palokha atayika. Kubuka frostbite kungakhale mlingo 4. Ngati mulibe thandizo wodwala angathe mavuto osiyanasiyana, ndipo mwa zina, imfa angayambe ku hypothermia.
• Lolemera. Kutentha thupi akutsikira m'munsimu madigiri 31, adzionere yekha kubweza kwa 30-35 zikwapu, munthu watha kutsitsimuka. nembanemba Mucous ndi khungu integument kukhala osiyana bluish kulocha, manja, mapazi, nkhope zatupa. Munthu khunyu, chikhalidwe zipita chikomokere. Kuthamanga yafupika zikuchepa kwambiri, ndi kupuma amakhala chosowa kwambiri. Pakuti gawo ili la hypothermia amakhala ndi frostbite kwambiri. Wodwala ayenera kuthandizidwa owonjezera, mwinamwake imfa mosalephera.

Madigirii a frostbite ambiri

Iwo anayi:

• 1 digiri. Choyamba, munthuyo akumverera kumva kulasalasa, moto kugirigisha, ndiye kumachititsa anthu kusachitirana malo akhudzidwa. Pali kuyabwa, kupweteka (zizindikiro ngati ukhoza kukhala ofooka ndi kutchulidwa). The zinkakhala m'dera akutembenukira woyera, pambuyo n'kumawotha manyazi, mwina chibakuwa yofiira hue. Edema, koma minofu necrosis amapezeka. A sabata zitachitika zingaoneke khungu wa khungu, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zazing'ono. Ndi wachisanu ndi tsiku lachisanu ndi chiwiri mukubwera kuchira bwino.

• 2 digiri. A mtima mu nthawi koyamba angaone kuzirala, pallor a integuments khungu, imfa tilinazo, koma zizindikiro zimenezi zimachitika frostbite aliyense digiri. Khalidwe kwa gawo ili la chizindikiro - yatsoka mu masiku oyambirira pakutchulidwa thovu wodzazidwa ndi madzi mandala. Ayambe umphumphu wa khungu amapezeka mu masabata limodzi kapena awiri, amamuyambitsa timabala ndi granulation sumangoyambika. Pa nthawi imeneyi ululu frostbite pambuyo n'kumawotha yaitali kwambiri kuposa m'mbuyomu, anthu kusokoneza kuyabwa moto.
• Chachitatu digiri. Pa khungu, monga mmene zinalili m'mbuyomu, thovu anapanga, ali odzazidwa ndi magazi zili ndi buluu wofiirira pansi Anachita irritations. Zonse zokhudza kufa khungu, kukhala amamuyambitsa timabala ndi granulation. kupita msomali, kachiwiri, iwo sadzakhala kukula pa mapazi frostbite kapena manja, ngati kukula, ndiye olumala. Mu sabata wachiwiri kapena wachitatu zitachitika umatha osati minofu akufa ndipo amamuyambitsa timabala amapezeka. Iwo kumatenga mwezi. Ululu ndi kutchulidwa zambiri, poyelekeza ndi sitepe frostbite.

• 4-TH digiri. Onse minofu zigawo zofewa sphacelating angakhudzidwe zimfundo ndi mafupa. Frostbitten khungu amakhala yowala bluish, zina zingakhale wa nsangalabwi ochekenera. Pambuyo n'kumawotha yomweyo edema akufotokozera, ndi kukula mofulumira. Thovu mu nkhani iyi si kupangidwa, iwo ndi khalidwe la zigawo ndi digiri wamng'ono wa frostbite. Khungu kutentha mu zinkakhala m'dera kwambiri m'munsi kuposa malo ozungulira.

thandizo kwa supercooling

Chinthu chachikulu kuti igwirike - kusiya zotsatira pa ozizira anthu. Chifukwa chaichi ndikofunikira kubweretsa kapena kulowa chipinda ofunda. Ngati zimenezi sizingatheke, muyenera kuika mtima pa malo otetezedwa ku mvula ndi mphepo. Nthawi yomweyo kuchotsa zovala chonyowa ndipo ndiye kukulunga wovulalayo bulangete youma kapena kuvala zovala youma. Ngati munthu amadziwa, ampatseko chakumwa chotentha tiyi, madzi, madzi kapena mkaka.

ndi madzi

Subcooling chamoyo angathe kuthetsedwa ndi kuwayika moleza kusamba ofunda, kutentha madzi ayenera pang'onopang'ono kukula koma osati madigiri oposa 40. Kumapeto kwa madzi a njira akhudzidwa ayenera kuikidwa pa kama mukafunde ndi zoika heaters. Ngati ayi, mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito mabotolo madzi otentha.

Kodi kuchita mwadzidzidzi

Zikatero, munthu anakomoka, m'pofunika kuti aziona zimachitika wake ndi kupuma. Ngati iwo sali, muyenera yomweyo kuyamba yopulumutsa kupuma ndi compressions pachifuwa. Pamene thandizo kwa supercooling anapereka, ayenera kuperekedwa kwa munthu ku chipatala, ngakhale chikhalidwe chake ndi zogwira koyamba sayambitsa nkhawa. Only dokotala akhoza kudziwa zina mavuto a.

thandizo kwa frostbite

Frostbite ndi limodzi ku hypothermia, kotero thandizo koyamba kutentha kwa wolakwiridwa ndiponso resumption a magazi. Ngati pang'ono zala frostbitten kungakhudze iwo poika mu m'khwapa lapansi. Ngati frostbitten mphuno, pakuti kudzakhala kutenthatu zokwanira n'kumawotha manja ake. Koma musalole kuti malo ansangala zii. Amaundana ndi kutenthetsa khungu, zazikulu zambiri zikhoza kuonongeka. Kawirikawiri frostbite wofatsa pa chiphaso zawo pambuyo ola limodzi kapena awiri. Pamene akusisita khungu si kuthetsa kunja kuli zii, muyenera kuwona dotolo.

Choncho, monga momwe tafotokozera pamwambapa, choyamba muyenera kubweretsa wodwala mu chipinda ofunda, kumasula thupi kuchokera nsapato ndi chobvala. Musati malo munthu wapafupi ndi kutenthetsa magwero monga moto, chotenthetsera, batire, mbaula otentha. Musagwiritsire ntchito tsitsi choumitsira - wozunzidwayo akhoza mosavuta kutenthedwa, chifukwa asaone frostbitten thupi gawo. Ngati kutupa ndi matuza pa zinkakhala m'dera si, misozi ndi mowa kapena mowa wamphamvu, ndipo manja oyera, kutikita magulu anu motsogozedwa mtima. Ngati pali thovu kutikita simungathe kuchita, chifukwa inu kumapweteketsa zina ndi kubweretsa matenda. Konzekani, adzakula nthawi yaitali pakani pakhungu la wodwalayo mpaka wachifundo, ofiira ndi ofunda. Kutikita m'pofunika kusamala kwambiri pofuna kupewa choipa mtima. Pambuyo kutentha khungu pa zinkakhala m'dera ayenera zoika bandeji wosabala.

precondition

Monga tanenera kale, kupeza dokotala n'kofunika kwambiri, ngakhale ndi kuvulala kuwala. Pamene supercooling amapezeka ndi frostbite ndichepe chitetezo cha m'thupi, akusokoneza ziwiya ndi ubongo, nkhawa kumachitika. Choncho, mankhwala ayenera kukhala katswiri.

pomaliza

Monga mukudziwira, njira yabwino vuto lina zosasangalatsa - si kupeza izo. Musati kunyumba ozizira owawa popanda kufunika, chifukwa zomverera kwambiri amene tsembwe inu chirichonse.