Chisanu chaukali kwambiri: Records ndi mfundo zosangalatsa

lathuli akugwirizira zinsinsi zambiri. Mukamakonzekera ena zinsinsi zake, munthu Zingaoneke, kuyambira kalekale anazipanga izo pansi, koma anapeza masamu onse atsopano.

Aakulu chisanu - ndi chimodzi mwa zochitika amene anthu wakhala ankaphunzira ndi chidwi. Pole ngati kufikako ndipo nthawi yomweyo olemera ndi wowolowa manja, nthawi zonse anakopeka molimba mtima ndi wosachiritsika.

M'nkhaniyi tiona tione zina malo ozizira mu nkhani dziko zokhudza anthu awo, komanso kukhudza pa nkhaniyi, ngati kupulumuka mu kuzizira kwambiri. Ena mwa mfundo zosangalatsa kwambiri kukuthandizani chithunzi yonse ya kutentha mbiri otsika.

mbiri dziko

Ambiri akukumbukirabe kusukulu kuti chisanu chaukali kwambiri chinalembedwa pa siteshoni Russian "Vostok" mu Antarctica. The mlingo wa mizinda lozizira pa dziko sungathe kusandutsa malo awa chifukwa nthawi zambiri osati kuthetsa. Komabe, anthu okhala konko (mosinthana), kugwira ntchito kafukufuku.

Mbiri mtheradi, olembedwa pa lapansi, madigiri -89,2. Zinali July 21, 1989, ndipo chifukwa kutentha anali sindinachite kuliika.

The frosts aakulu kwambiri m'mbiri

Anthu anayamba kuwayang'anira nyengo ndi nyengo kwa nthawi yaitali. Komabe, mwandondomeko zida kuti kulola mwachikulu ganizilani zinthu, kalelo, kumene sanali. Makolo anatisiyira yekha chiweruzo zotengera malingaliridwe za masiku pamene chisanu makamaka Feb.

Udabuluka kwambiri za umboni. Mwachitsanzo, amadziwika kuti Adriatic Nyanja ndi mazira kwathunthu mu chaka 856. 1010 TH anali abnormally ozizira ngakhale Egypt - Nile chidafundidwa ndi ayezi. Aakulu chisanu ukali mu 1210 ku Italy, ndi icebound ngakhale ngalande za Venice. Amaundana 1322 kuti adzamvetsere sledding pakati pa Germany ndi Denmark, mwachindunji pa Nyanja Baltic. Ndipo patapita zaka 4 ayezi analanda Nyanja Mediterranean, zomwe kawirikawiri amaundana ngakhale pa gombe. 1709 TH anali mbiri ozizira okhala French. Malinga okha, kutentha amasungidwa pa -24 kwa miyezi ingapo. Pa kulira mabelu mpingo losweka ndi chisanu mu kosungira vinyo. M'zaka 1953-1954 frosts unachitikira pansi pafupi Europe ndi ku Asia, ku France kwa Urals miyezi yoposa isanu kutentha zinali mbiri otsika. Amatunga chisanu, zophimbidwa ndi Nyanja ayezi la Azov. Aukali yozizira anabwerera ku Ulaya mu zaka khumi, lisanduke ndi achisanu mtsinje galasi la Italy ndi France.

Kumene, ambiri yozizira anakumana ndi Russia. Nzosadabwitsa pakati pa anthu amene anabwera kwa iye ndi nthano nkhondo ya General Frost, amene akumenyana kumbali ya Russian. Koma frosts zamakolo n'zofala kwambiri kuti icebound mtsinje gimmick woyenera akutchula m'mbiri ya mbiri, konse anaonekera. Komanso, ngati pa chaka pa frosts wamphamvu (Epiphany) dziwe yokutidwa ndi ayezi, izo zimapangitsa dzenje kuti athe kusambira!

Pofunafuna likulu ozizira

Ena midzi Russian ali m'gulu mndandanda wa lozizira pa dziko. Anthu osati kufuna massively kusiya midzi chipale anaphimba ndi m'midzi, koma kuyesetsa kuteteza ufulu wonditcha yaing'ono kunyumba likulu lake ozizira.

Chimodzi mwa khama chachikulu mutu akuti ndi Russia Oymyakon. Mu mzinda uwu pali frosts kwambiri miyezi 9 pa chaka. Lembani kutentha -71,2 chinalembedwa mu chaka 29. Mu zaka zapitazo. M'madera izi -40 Celsius si ankaona chochitika mwa wamba. Oimjakon anthu ndi yaing'ono 600 anthu. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti dzina la amachoka mu chilankhulo m'deralo monga "madzi si yozizira koopsa." madzi Chigwacho kumeneko, ndithudi, amaundana, koma dzina la kukagawira afunika makiyi otentha, kumenya kuchokera mu nthaka. Mukhoza kupeza iwo mkati ndi pambuyo frosts kwambiri. Ojmjakon bwinobwino akhoza kupereka mutu wa "Mudzi ozizira." pafupifupi ngakhale m'munsi pachaka kutentha Deyankyre ukulamulira mudzi, komanso inali ku Yakutia.

The mpikisano waukulu Oymyakon - mzinda Verkhoyansk. Wolembedwa kutentha madigiri -69,8 imatengedwa zothetsera kwambiri chigonjetso. Mbiri ya mzinda anayamba ndi kuthetsa akapolo. Kodi mukuganiza za Chilango monga zoopsa kuposa bokosilo mu yozizira wosatha? Kamodzi apa ife kutumiza zapathengo, ndipo tsopano amakhala Verkhoyansk anthu osachepera 1.4 zikwi, zikuoneka kukhuta tsoka ndi wachikondi mayi dziko akhakula. Verkhoyansk anthu oyenera yoyenera kulemekeza yaing'ono kunyumba kunkafika pachimake mzinda wake.

ena ambiri m'madera amene ali m'gulu la mndandanda wa kwambiri frosty, okongola ang'ono. Choncho, kumenya athu pamwamba Irkutsk lili ndi anthu 250,000 monga kuzizira mizinda zazikulu za nkhaniyo ntchitoyi.

Other malo ozizira

Midzi yambiri ili pa gombe ndi kuzilumba za Ocean Arctic. Aakulu chisanu bwino kwa anthu chinkhoswe makamaka mabizinezi chitetezo, kufufuza ndi migodi. Sizoti Russia, komanso maiko Masewerera a Nordic, ndi US, Alaska, Greenland. Nyengo nkhanza chimapambana ndi m'madera ena phiri (mwachitsanzo, Mongolia ndi Kazakhstan). Koma thermometer pali kawirikawiri akutsikira m'munsimu 40, kotero kuti kupikisana ndi Antarctic ndi Arctic, iwo sangathe.

Madzi oundana

Pa gombe la kumpoto kwa Viluy mtsinje mu Siberia mu February 1982 umboniwo chinalembedwa asayansi Madzi oundana. kuya kwake kuposa mamita 1370. zigawo wandiweyani ayezi kuti cipo chimasungunula, ndi apo pa Taimyr Peninsula. M'madera ena akafika akuya mamita 600.

The zinyama ndi zomera mwa malo frosty pa dziko

N'zosadabwitsa kuti madera nyengo aakulu siife opanda moyo. Chifukwa frosts amphamvu samuopa nyama ndi mbalame? Pali katundu zoteteza wogwidwa ndi okhala m'madera nyama wosatha yozizira. Izi wandiweyani madzi ubweya ndi nthenga, nkhungu wosanjikiza subcutaneous mafuta, ndi thermoregulation wapadera.

zomera Arctic wakufayo ndithu. mitundu yambiri ya nyama m'madera awa: zimbalangondo, walruses, nkhandwe Arctic ndi mimbulu, mphalapala, lemmings, narwhals, zinsomba ndi orcas. Kodi chachikulu ndi chiwerengero cha mbalame kumpoto, ndi nyanja ozizira wolemera mu nsomba. waukulu anyani ambiri amakhala Antarctica (iwo kulibeko mu kumpoto kwa dziko lapansi).

Antarctica ali ochepa mailosi zana kuchokera Pole South angapezeke lichens ndi ndere. Iwo ali ofanana ndi pa mzati ina ya dzikoli. Iwo ali wamphamvu malo Moss. Kusamutsa ozizira zowawa ndi ena zomera lalikulu: birch, mitengo ya paini. Pa yochepa yotentha kumpoto, mungathe kuona maluwa. Kwambiri dziphunzitsiranso mphamvu zomera akulola North kuti usafe nthawi yozizira. Iwo siumafa, ngakhale mu ozizira kwambiri ndi kudikira m'firiji pamtunda kuti ugwire gawo lawo la dzuŵa.

Kodi tipulumuke lyutom ozizira?

Aakulu chisanu ndi oopsa makamaka kwa anthu amene anakulira wofatsa nyengo. Kodi bwino kwa Northerners, kungathandize amapha munthu wosaphunzitsidwa. Kuti adziteteze frostbite, aliyense ayenera kudziwa malamulo wamba ochepa. Ndipotu, monga ife tikudziwa kale, frosts zina aakulu zimachitika ngakhale mu nyengo yofunda.

Choyamba, ntchito zosavomerezeka mowa "ndi chikondi." Choledzeretsa ayi kumathandiza overcooling, ndipo okha kumathandiza kuti kulenga nkhambakamwa kutentha mwachidule. Kachiwiri, chifukwa kufunika ntchito mpweya pa chisanu katundu ayenera alternated ndi nthawi ya mpumulo mu malo otentha. Ngati mukukayikira frostbite m'makona ndi nkhope ayenera Kumalimbikitsa wovulalayo youma kutentha ndipo nthawi yomweyo anatumiza kuchipatala. Sikuti kuyembekezera kuti matenda ndidzadutsa palokha. Ofunika kupewa hypothermia ndi mwadongosolo zonse oipa. Kwambiri ayenera kumwedwa kusankha zovala.

Photos of malo lozizira pa dziko tiyeni mukuona mmene kukongola dera limeneli. connoisseurs chenicheni ngakhale frosts aakulu saletsa amasirira kukongola makolokoto.