Spanish ojambula - yowala ngati dzuwa la kwawo

The kwambiri ojambula zithunzi Spanish ntchito yawo limachitira mfundo zofunika munthu aliyense, kotero maina awo anali mu zaka. Kuyambira El Agiriki, tingasiyanitsire naini wa ambuye awa, amene ankakhala ku XVI XX atumwi. Maluwa apamwamba a zaka XVII. Apo ayi, umatchedwa Golden. Izi nthawi Baroque.

m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chimodzi

Woyamba amene analemekeza sukulu Spanish, anali Greek Domenico Theotokopoulos (1541-1614) wotchedwa mu Spain ndi El Agiriki. M'masiku amenewo pafupipafupi anatentha chimoto panja la osokonezeka. Choncho, mitu yolembedwa nkomwe kwambiri. Easel ndi mural zojambula - mtundu wa mafanizo Malemba Opatulika. Koma payenera kukhala osamala kwambiri. mankhwala Traditional chofunika.

El Agiriki Chili mitu achipembedzo ndi kukongola chodabwitsa ndi ulemerero wa njira mtundu lomwe lili m'mbuyo maonekedwe a Baroque. Mmodzi wa katswiri wake, "atumwiwo Petro ndi Paulo" (1582-592), awasungira mu Russia. Iwo akunena yosavuta osaphunzira Rybak Petr ndi mlengi wa chiphunzitso lonse la Chikhristu ophunzira kwambiri Paulo, kumene Baibulo. Chikristu m'zaka za zana loyamba, anapambana mitima ya chikondi chake zonse anthu, chikondi ndi kuphweka - zinali zokwanira mungokhulupirira, ndi aliyense, wophunzira osati, wolemera kapena wosauka, anakhala Mkristu. ojambula zithunzi Spanish ndaphunzira zambiri kuchokera zojambulajambula, ali kalembedwe wapadera kugwirizana ndi matenda diso. Komabe, kwa nthawi yaitali kupenta wake aiwala ndipo anapeza mazana atatu.

Baroque - The Golden Age

Monga kulikonse, Chikatolika chidakali cholimba Ndipotu, ikuimira wamphamvu ndi oopsa mphamvu, chimene chimafuna anthu nsembe zofuna za thupi ndi zokondweretsa ndi kumiza mu miyambo yachipembedzo. ojambula zithunzi Spanish monga Jose Ribera (1591-1652), Francisco Surbaran (1598-1664), Diego Velaskes (1599-1660) ndipo Bartolomeo Murillo (1617-1682) ndi nthumwi yaikulu ya nthawi imeneyi. Iwo amadziwa kuti ntchito za Caravaggio lomwe lili ndi chikoka chachikulu pa iwo, osati mwa awo-lifes, ndi kumvetsetsa kwake imfa komanso pafupi ndi pokhudzana ndi moyo.

Spanish amisiri Ribera ndi Zurbaran

kuyanjana izi ndi umasinthasintha. Painting Jose Ribera (1591-1652) chimasiyanitsa nkhani kugwirizana ndi kufera ndi chilengedwe m'chifanizo ndiponso anthu oyera kuvutika kwa nthano komanso Mosiyana kuwala ndi mthunzi. Francisco Zurbaran (1598-1664) wake zojambula bwino, utoto lyricism, amalenga mu zaka 30 za m'ma XVI. Mu 1662, iye analemba ndi chikondi "Madonna ndi Mwana Saint Yohane Mbatizi."

Chithunzi chosangalatsa cha mwana pa malo a zikuchokera yosavuta zachilengedwe, pomwepo anthu amakopeka ngati nkhope wachifundo wa Madonna, ndi zovala golide atagwada Yohane, limene lili pa mapazi a nkhosa yoyera yophiphiritsira. Adaukitsa Yesu Khristu ndiye mbusa wa ng'ombe yaikulu amene anakhulupirira mwa iye. Zurbaran analemba yekha kwa chilengedwe - ndi mfundo za ntchito kusiyana chithunzi kwambiri ndi kuwala amphamvu. Zurbarán anali bwenzi la waluntha wojambula Diego Velaskesom, amene anamuthandiza ndi malamulo. ojambula zithunzi Spanish adafuna kuthandizana.

Velazquez (1599-1660)

Poyamba, Spanish zojambulajambula Diego Velaskes, tikukhala mu Seville, ntchito zambiri zochitika mtundu wanyimbo, komanso pa zojambula ophiphiritsa. Koma ankadziwa zojambula Italiya ku zosonkhanitsira achifumu kwambiri anasintha maganizo ake zokongoletsa. Chingasinthe mtundu wotumbululuka siliva, n'kuyamba kuchotsa malankhulidwe. Movutikira anatha kupeza mpando bwalo zojambulajambula. Koma Korol Filipp IV yomweyo anayamikira mphatso ya wojambula wamng'ono, amene kenako adalenga zithunzi za banja lachifumu. Pamwamba anali zojambula awiri mu ntchito yake, sanaidziŵe mpaka tsopano, pamaso matanthauzo ambiri anaika mu iwo chithunzicho. Ndi "Las Meninas" (1656), mwachitsanzo, retinue la ogwira pa olandira yachifumu ku mpando wachifumu, ndi "Spinners" (1658).

Mu "Las Meninas" pa koyamba zikuoneka zophweka. Mu chipinda chachikulu ali wamng'ono Infanta, wazunguliridwa ndi adzakazi a ulemu, msilikali, atumiki awiri, galu ndi chithunzicho. Koma kuseri kwa zojambula pakhoma chagona kalilole, kumene kumasonyeza mfumu ndi mfumukazi. Pali banjali wachifumu mu chipinda kapena ayi - ndi chimodzi cha zinsinsi. Pali zambiri pa nkhani yakuti wamkulu. Ndipo palibe mwambi wina si anapatsidwa yankho lomveka bwino.

Ndi Francisco Goya kuti Dali

Anabadwa mu Zaragoza, Goya (1746-1828) anakhala nduna zojambulajambula, koma ndiye wotaya ndipo umapeza malo a khalidwe lonyansa-mkulu wa Academy of Tirhana. Kaya Goya ntchito zojambula zovuta ndi kudya, kulenga kwa zopeta, zithunzi, mpingo utoto, iye akupereka zithunzi za tchalitchi ku Valencia. Iye amagwira ntchito mwakhama moyo wake wonse ndi ambiri, osiyanasiyana monga mbuye wake kupita ku kuwala holide nyimbo ndi mitundu olemera ndi lakuthwa ndandanda mofulumira, ndipo ngati kupenta, mdima ndi zakuda.

chojambula sukulu ku Spain sadzafa, koma chithunzicho wotsatira wa Spanish kupenta, Mbuye wamkulu, chidzaonekera 1881. Izi Picasso. Kodi silinatchulidwe ntchito yake. Izi "buluu" ndi "pinki" nthawi ndi cubism, ndi surrealism, ndi pacifism. Chifukwa ntchito yake ndi ofunika wochenjera Izitu n'zovutitsa ndi chilakolako choti n'kugulitsa. Ndipo iye anali kudziŵa kudzatunga. Kupanga mu nthawi Cubist, zithunzi za wake wokondedwa, amene anagulitsa yenda, kwa yekha, analemba mu kalembedwe Kuzindikira. Ndipo kokha mwa kukhala munthu wolemera, anali kulola yekha kudzatunga, ngati iye akufuna.

Concise ntchito yake "Don Quixote" (1955). Iye akuonetsedwa yekha Knight, squire wake, kavalo, bulu ndi ochepa makina oyendera mphepo. Don Quixote ndi kuwala, kulemera kwake ndi Rocinante - pafupifupi thumba la mafupa. Mosiyana, Sancho kumanzere - wakuda katundu kulemera. Ngakhale kanjedza onsewo ali mu malo, kujambula zonse kuyenda. Mizere amphamvu, catchy ndi zonse nthabwala.

Mumadziwika eccentric Spanish wojambula Salvador Dali. Munthu chirichonse chinali zogulitsa. Ndi zojambula ndi zolemba, ndi mabuku. Momwe anatchula kuyamika thandizo amphamvu a mkazi wake Elena Dyakonova, imadziwika ndi Gala. Iye anali imasonkhezera wake ndipo bwana. ukwati wopambana kwambiri mawu malonda.

Pomaliza pa nkhaniyi pa nkhani wotchuka Spanish wojambula, ziyenera kuti iwo onse anali owala ngati dzuwa mu Spain, umunthu.