Field ya Kosovo. Nkhondo ya Kosovo June 15, 1389

Tikadwala Kosovo ndi nkhondo yaikulu pakati pa magulu a Serbia ndi ufumu Bosnia ndi Sultan Murad Ine ndi la Turkey. Izo zinachitika June 15, 1389. Kosovo Polje ili pafupi Pristina ano. Amawapatula ndi makilomita 5. Nkhondo anabweretsa zomvetsa lalikulu mbali zonse.

m'mbuyomo

Sultan Murad ine ndi asilikali, kupindulira pa Chernomene (1371) ndi Savr (1385), anapitiriza kuukira pa dziko Chisebiya. The Ottoman mukufuna kugonjetsa Middle East, Africa North ndi Europe South-East. Ndipo iwo anakwanitsa patapita kanthawi. Koma Serbia ndikufuna iwo, ziribe kanthu chimene chinali kuteteza.

A drawback lalikulu ufumu Chisebiya anali kuti unasweka mu mabungwe angapo ang'onoang'ono kuti amakhala akusemphana ndi mzake. N'zosadabwitsa kuti analephera kubweza Adani. Chisebiya ndi Albania akalonga, anapanga mgwirizano pansi pa utsogoleri wa Prince Lazar Hrebelyanovicha, anatsutsa kwambiri ndi asilikali Ottoman.

Kosovo kunali mbali yaikulu ya mayiko Chisebiya. Icho chinali mphambano ya njira zofunika wotsegulira ku Turkey nambala ya njira kwa chokwawa zina m'mayiko Chisebiya. Apa ndi panali nkhondo yofunika kwambiri.

Murad Ine kunathandiza kuno kupyola m'mayiko a awo aang'ono mu Macedonia.

mphamvu za zipani

asilikali Ottoman owerengedwa za 27-40 zikwi. Man. Amenewa anaphatikizapo Janissaries (2-5 thous. Pers.), The okwera wa asilikali olondera zake Sultan ndi (2.5 zikwi. Pers.), Sipahi (6 zikwi. Pers.), Ndipo AZAPO Akinci (20 ths.) Ndipo Ankhondo a China ( 8 TH.).

Prince Lazar Hrebelyanovich anatsogolera gulu la 12-33 zikwi. Asilikali.

Prince mwachindunji subordinated kwa 12-15 zikwi. Man. Vuk Brankovic anatsogolera 5-10 zikwi. Anthu. The nambalayi wa asilikali lamulo la Bosnia fuko lomveka Vlatko Vukovic. Thandizani Serbia anali Ankhondo ku Hungary ndi Poland. Komanso, iwo afika kupulumutsa Hospitallers wa - Ankhondo a St. John. Chifukwa, ndi Chisebiya mayunitsi asilikali anali ku Bosnia (anatumiza Tvrtko I), Wallachian, Chibugariya, Chikolowesha ndi alonda Albania.

Mfundo ofooka anali pakalibe Chisebiya Army chapakati Lamulo. Komanso, asilikali osati tizisamala kapangidwe kake. Oyenda bwino anaphimba apakavalo zida lolemera. Yotsirizira zimapanga zambiri za asilikali.

The Serbia analibe zinachitikira usilikali ngati asilikali Turkey, limene kwa zaka 30 anali kupambana m'nkhondo.

nkhondo

Kosovo munda - malo omwe akukumbukira nkhondo ya June 15, 1389. Pa tsiku limeneli, asilikali kutsogoleredwa ndi Prince Lazar Hrebelyanovicha zotsutsana ndi ankhondo, amene anali kwambiri kuposa chiwerengero. Nyimbo za Serbia ananena kuti nkhondo unatenga masiku atatu.

Pa gawo la Ottoman Murad Ine n'kutsogolera Turkey, Prince Bayazid anatenga lamulo la mapiko lamanja, ndi Prince Yakub - kumanzere. Kutsogolo kwa nyumba pa flanks zinali 100 oponya mivi. Janissaries ali ndi malo chapakati, kenako asilikali olondera anali Sultan.

Lazar Prince analamula pakati, pambali bwino anatsogolera Vuk Brankovic, ndi Vlatko Vukovic - kumanzere. Kutsogolo lonse la asilikali Chisebiya anatenga apakavalo lolemera, oponya mivi kavalo anali pa flanks lapansi.

Kuti mupereke Inde ya zochitika Kosovo, mapu akhoza amasonyeza malo a asilikali.

Mwatsoka, magwero Chisebiya ndi Turkey zambiri zokhudza nkhondo kotero zotsutsana kuti olemba mbiri yakale simungakhoze recreate nkhondo. Amadziwika kuti poyamba anathamangira nkhondo Serbia, ngakhale chapamwamba n'zosangalatsa kumva za mdani. Apakavalo mphero adalowa malo Turkey. Pa nthawi yomweyo anayamba shelling Serb udindo oponya mivi Turkey. Serbia anagumula pambali yakumanzere ya asilikali Ottoman. Yotsirizira anataya katundu wolemera. Koma pakati ndi pa pambali yoyenera si bwino zimenezi. Patapita nthawi, asilikali Chisebiya amene wakwanitsa kukankhira ena Turkey pakati. The pambali lamanja la asilikali Ottoman molamulidwa ndi Prince Bayezid msanga anasamukira ku kauntala, anakankhira Serbia, kuchita zinthu zopweteka kwambiri kwa oyenda pa. Patapita nthawi, ndi Chisebiya silikhali Corps anali wosweka, choncho anayamba abwerere.

Easy Turkey apakavalo posakhalitsa chidwi ndi counterattack a. The oyenda anapita apakavalo Serb oti muli nazo zida. The apakavalo woyamba anakwanitsa kugwetsa.

Popanda Atsogoleli ...

Vuk Brankovic, kupulumutsa asilikali ake pa ntchitoyi Kosovo. Zochita zake wafunsira kutanthauzira osiyana. Ena amakhulupirira kuti Vuk opulumutsidwa asilikali ake. Ena amakhulupirira kuti iye anabwerera kwa kuopa kutaya gulu lake lonse lankhondo. Koma anthu amakhulupirira kalonga anapereka Lazaro, mpongozi wake. Vlatko Vukovic anatsogolera zotsala za asilikali ake, ndi Lazaro mayunitsi.

Prince Lazar analandidwa ndipo anaphedwa tsiku lomwelo.

Chisebiya Voevoda Milosh Obilic anakhoza kulowa mumsasa Turkey, kulengeza yekha defector. Iye adali ndi kuthekera kuchipha Ottoman Sultan pa chiyambi cha nkhondo. Murad Milos anavutika ndi mpeni, koma kutetezeredwa Sultan sanamulole kupita.

Bayezid Ine tsopano mitu la Turkey. Mwamsanga pamene iye anamva zimene zinachitikazo, kalonga anatuma mthenga kwa mchimwene wake Jakub. Kalatayi inafotokoza kuti Sultan Murad anauza latsopano. Atangofika Yakub kuti Bayazid, anam'manga khosi. Tsopano Prince Bayazid ndiye wolowa nyumba wa yekha Murad.

palibe opambana

Nkhondo ya Kosovo mu 1389 yokhala chokha kupambana kwa Turkey. Koma nkhondo ndiribe aliyense. Ngakhale Serbia ndipo anataya ndi mdani amphamvu kwambiri, koma iwo anasonyeza mtima wosimidwa. Izi zapangitsa kuti zomvetsa yaikulu Turkey. Iwo sangapitirize nkhondo, mofulumira anabwerera ku East, osati ndikuiwala ndi Kosovo Field.

Nkhondo zinachititsa kuti kubadwa kwa kuchuluka kwa nthano. Ambiri a iwo zokhudzana ndi chakuti atsogoleri a asilikali anaphedwa pamaso nkhondo itatha. Choncho, palibe mmodzi wa iwo sanazindikire zotsatira za nkhondo. Zochitika za imfa yawo mwamsanga inamera nthano.

Mwachitsanzo, pali Mabaibulo zingapo za mmene Sultan Murad anaphedwa. Mmodzi wa iwo amati anaphedwa ndi msilikali Serb m'manja mwake, n'kumaganiza kuti akufa. Koma mu mbiri Chisebiya mukhoza kupeza zambiri. Baibulo boma kuti iye anaphedwa ndi Prince Milos Obilic. Pali miyambo imene iye anatsogolera Order wa St. George. Malo amenewa anali ndi cholinga chake kupha Sultan.

Zotsatira za nkhondo ya Kosovo

Serbia wakhala anatha kusunga ufulu wodzilamulira, koma zomvetsa pambuyo nkhondo zinali kwambiri. Ndipo anatenga nthawi yaitali kuti abereke asilikali watsopano. Patapita nthawi, asilikali Ottoman anabwerera ndipo anagonjetsa Serbia - mu 1459. Ndiyeno ine ndinapita pafupifupi anafika Vienna. Kulumikizana mayiko Chisebiya kwa Ottoman kusiya andale ndi azachuma chitukuko cha dziko. A chikhalidwe Serbia ataloŵa.

Prince Bayezid, amene wakhala tsopano ndi Sultan, ndithudi, anali mtsogoleri kwambiri. Iye imadziwika Bayazid Mphezi. Pankhaniyi, ndale mkati anakhala sakonda bambo ake. The yakumeneko latsopano anaima pa madera anagonjetsa a kuloŵerera yaukapolo. Makonsolo anayamba kulamulira zigawo.

Kugonjetsedwa monga chigonjetso

History of Kosovo anasonyeza kuti imfa ya nkhondo ndi imfa ya asilikali akanatha kudzutsa mzimu wadziko ndi kutsitsimuka kwa anthu. Ndipo ngakhale pamene Turkey zaka 300 wokwatibwa ndi maiko Chisebiya, ndi Serbia anatha kusunga chizindikiro chawo dziko. Komanso anatha kusunga ziphunzitso, pamene anzawo Albania pafupifupi paulendo gulu lonselo ankaliphera pamodzi kwa Islam.

Olemba mbiri ena amaganiza kuti Turkey anali wopambana, izo zikanakhala imathandizira kulanda Balkans. Ndipo imfa ya Sultan Murad ndi kukana zosaneneka ku South Asilavo anawapatsa mwayi kusunga dziko ndi chipembedzo chawo. Europe si pansi chimene ine ndikanakhoza. Kosovo, Serbia wonse, anatenga mbali yaikulu ya mmene.

Kufunika kwa nkhondo kuti Serbia

Ngakhale kuti Serbia anagonjetsedwa, nkhondo 1389, kunali kofunika kwambiri. losafunika lagona kugwirizana kwa maukulu Chisebiya alipo. Ndipotu, Kosovo m'munda - kumene mbiri ya dziko limodzi la Serbia anayamba. Akatswiri ambiri amanena kuti nkhondo imeneyi ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zosadziwika ndi zovuta kuzimvetsa. Nthawi ankanena kuti nkhani kulengedwa nthano zongopeka, anatsimikizira magwero a m'zaka XIV.

azambiriyakale Chisebiya amakhulupirira kuti, poyamba anali ndi Kusiyana kwa Nkhondo ya Kosovo. Ndi nthawi, iwo ophatikizidwa mu chimodzi.

Chifukwa nkhani wakhala nthano?

N'zotheka kuti nthano linalengedwa kuti zimakhudza m'badwo wa Serbia. Nthano zachokera nkhani za m'Baibulo. Prince Lazar nthawi zambiri poyerekeza ndi Yesu Khristu.

cholinga achipembedzo amakhalabe nthano. Kutalika kwa nkhondo - masiku 3, kotero ife Pali kufanana ndi Kalvare. Ndipo imfa ya pafupifupi buku lonse Chisebiya asilikali wofera.

Choncho, pafupifupi nyimbo zonse Folk ndi epic kuimba Ankhondo ngati ofera. A mtengo wapamwamba Serbia wakhala korona wa chikhulupiriro, T. E. Limalimbikitsa kwambiri tanthauzo lauzimu la zochitika, kotero Serbia ndi kumva monga opambana. Ndipo kumverera uku adaliuzira mu moyo mbadwo watsopano.