Dzhon Kabot ndi Sebastian Cabot. Kutsegula North America

Dzhovanni Kaboto, imadziwika Dzhon Kabot, anali English kuyenda panyanja chiyambi Italy. Iye anagwiritsitsa udindo wofunika ndipo zimatheka kwambiri, koma lero iwo imadziwika kuti munthu amene anapeza North America.

yonena

Dzhovanni Kaboto anabadwa mu Genoa, koma kenaka, bambo a John zokakhala ku Venice, kumene anakakhala kwa nthawi yaitali. Apa Wofufuzayo tsogolo anakhala zaka zambiri, anakwanitsa kuyamba banja, mkazi wake ndi ana atatu. Kenako, mmodzi wa ana ake kukhala wotsatira wa atate wake ndi adzathandiza ulendo wake.

Kukhala Venice, Cabot ntchito yapamadzi ndi ogulitsa. Anagwidwa East, iye anali mwayi wolankhula ndi amalonda Arab amene ayesa tikupeza amene kuwapatsa zonunkhira.

ntchito

Zinali paulendo wake mu East Dzhon Kabot wayamba kuganiza za kufika m'mayiko osadziwika kudutsa kumpoto, chifukwa kuli America adali wodziwika. Iye anayesera kuuzira mfundo za Spanish ndi Chipwitikizi mafumu, koma sangathe kukhala naye. Choncho, mu 1490s oyambirira wofufuza anatumizidwa ku England, kumene adzatchedwa Yohane mu kalembedwe English, osati Giovanni.

Atangoyamba Columbus wakutsegula m'dziko latsopano, ndiyo America South, Bristol amalonda asankha ntchito ulendo, amene anasankhidwa mkulu wa Cabot.

Maulendowa loyamba

Mu 1496 pa nthawi imeneyo kale odziwika bwino kuyenda panyanja anakwanitsa kufika chilolezo kwa mfumu ya England yopita pansi mbendera British. Mu 1497, anachoka ku doko la Bristol ndi cholinga kufika madzi mu China. ulendo uno inayenda bwino kwambiri ndipo mwamsanga yayenda bwino. Chakumapeto June, chombo adapezeka, ngakhale kuti sizinali bwino kuti Dzhon Kabot anatulukira. Pali awiri Mabaibulo, mmodzi ndi mmodzi, zinali ndi Labrador Peninsula, pa zina - Newfoundland.

Kuyambira nthawi ya Normandy kupezeka anali woyamba kwambiri ulendo North America, kukhazikitsa azungu. Kumbukirani kuti ankakhulupirira Cabot, ngakhale pafupi anakwanitsa kufika ku Asia, koma ndi kuchoka ndi kupita kutali kwambiri kumpoto.

Pambuyo ankafika pa yadothi incognita, Cabot otchedwa watsopano dziko cholowa korona English ndi kumapitirira. Likupita kum'mwera chakum'mawa ndi cholinga akadali kufika China, kuyenda panyanja mwaona nyanja shoals lalikulu m'nyanja zikuluzikulu ndi hering'i. Ichi chinali m'dera limene panopa limatchedwa Grand Banks. Monga mwachizolowezi m'dera limeneli ndi ochuluka zedi nsomba, pambuyo anapeza zake amalonda British anataya kufunika kupitirira mu Iceland.

Maulendowa yachiwiri

Mu 1498 ndi ulendo wachiwiri kugonjetsa m'mayiko ena, anasandulika, ndipo anamuika Dzhon Kabot anatsogolera ulendo. Kutsegula North America pa nthawi imeneyo unagwiritsabe. Ngakhale deta zochepa zomwe zilipo, amadziwika kuti ulendo analephera kufika kumtunda, imene zombo anapita ku Florida.

Sizikudziwika mmene inatha moyo wa John Cabot, mwina, anafa pa njira, kenako ulendo utsogoleri zapita mwana wake - Sebastian Cabot. Amalinyero nthawi anafika pa gombe, kumene anakumana ndi anthu ovala zikopa za nyama zimene analibe golide kapena ngale. Chifukwa cha kusowa chakudya, anaganiza zobwerera ku England, kumene khoti ndipo anabwera chimodzimodzi 1498.

Anthu a England Komabe, ngati othandizira cha ulendo, ife anaganiza kuti ulendo unali kulephera, chifukwa iye anakhala ndalama zambiri, ndi chifukwa cha anthuwo sakanatha chilichonse chamtengo wapatali. The British ankafuna kupeza mwachindunji nyanja wopita ku "Cathay" kapena "India", ndipo analandira okha m'dzikolo ndipo pafupifupi anthu ochepa. Chifukwa cha ichi m'zaka zochepa chabe lotsatira, anthu a Albion sanali ntchito anayesa zina kupeza njira yayifupi kwa Asia East.

Sebastian Cabot

Dzhon Kabot, bambo Sebastian a, mwachionekere, zinakhudza kwambiri mwana wake, pamene muona kuti ngakhale atamwalira, iye anapitiriza ntchito ya bambo ake ndipo anakhala kuyenda panyanja. Nditabwerera ku ulendo, komwe alowa m'malo mwa atate wake atamwalira, Sebastian wakhala bwino luso lawo.

Anaitanidwa Spain, kumene anakhala mmodzi wowongolera, ndipo 1526-1530 anali kupita ndi ulendo akuluakulu amene anapita kugombe la America South. Iye anatha kukwaniritsa mtsinje Rio de La Plata, kenako kusambira ku Chile kudzera Parana ndi Paraguay.

Pambuyo ulendo uno pansi pa mbendera Spanish Sebastian anabwerera ku England, kumene anaikidwa woyang'anira wamkulu wa Dipatimenti yapamadzi, anadzakhala mmodzi wa omwe adayambitsa zombo British. Anauziridwa ndi maganizo womwe atate wake Dzhon Kabot, Sebastian anafuna kupeza njira nyanja ku Asia.

Awa awiri odziwika bwino wofufuza anachita kwambiri pa chitukuko cha m'mayiko ena. Ngakhale kuti sikunali kovuta okha 15-16 zaka TH zinthu ngati ulendo wautali komanso ali kutali, komanso yoopsa, wolimba bambo ndi mwana anathera malingaliro awo. Koma, mwatsoka, Dzhon Kabot, kutsegula kwa amene akhoza linachokera kusintha miyoyo ya ku Ulaya, ndipo sanapezedwa zimene iye anali kuchita.