Ndi angati afa mu nkhondo Afghanstan? Afghanstan nkhondo zaka 1979-1989.

Pakuti kale zaka twente-sikisi kuchokera pamenepo, monga otsiriza Soviet msilikali kumanzere Afghanistan. Koma anthu ambiri a zochitika akale aja anasiya akakhumudwitsidwa kuti akadali ukuwawa ndi zopweteka. Ndi angati afa mu nkhondo Afghanstan ana athu Soviet, akadali anyamata! Kodi amayi ambiri misozi mu mabokosi nthaka! osacimwa anthu angati a anakhetsa! Ndipo onse chisoni munthu ndi aang'ono liwu limodzi - "nkhondo" ...

Ndi angati afa mu nkhondo Afghanstan anthu?

Ngati inu mukukhulupirira ziwerengero boma, si ku Afghanistan anabwerera kwawo ku USSR 15 zikwi asilikali Soviet. Komabe m'gulu akusowa anthu 273. Iwo anavulala ndiwobvulazidwa asilikali oposa 53 zikwi. The zomvetsa mu nkhondo Afghanstan kwa dziko lathu ndi zoopsa. anamenyela ambiri amakhulupirira kuti utsogoleri Soviet anachita chibwana ndi akugwira nawo mu nkhondoyo. Kodi miyoyo yambiri ingapulumutsidwe ngati zochita zawo zinali zosiyana.

Iwo sanalekere mtsutso pa mmene ambiri anaphedwa mu nkhondo Afghanstan anthu. Ndipotu chithunzi boma alibe mlandu kwa oyendetsa akufa mu mlengalenga, onyamula katundu n'kubwerera asilikali kunyumba, ndipo anabwera pansi moto, medsestrichek ndi anamwino kusamalira ovulala.

Afghanstan nkhondo zaka 1979-1989.

December 12, 1979 msonkhano wa Politburo wa ku CPSU Committee chapakati , anaganiza kulowa asilikali Russian mu Afghanistan. Iwo ili m'malire a dziko ku December 25, 1979 ndipo anali kumbali ya boma la Democratic Republic of Afghanistan. Asilikali zinatumizidwa kuteteza kuopseza alowererepo asilikali ndi limati zina. Chigamulo pa thandizo kwa Afghanistan ndi Soviet Union anapangidwa pambuyo zopempha zambiri ndi utsogoleri mabwalo a.

Pankhondoyi kunabuka pakati kuwatsutsa (spooks, kapena Mujahideen) ndi asilikali a boma la Afghanistan. maphwando sakanakhoza nawo ulamuliro andale m'dera la Republic. angapo a ku Ulaya, ku Pakistani mabungwe nzeru ndi asilikali US panthawi ya nkhondo anathandiza Mujahideen. Zimathandizanso azipeza a zipolopolo.

The Soviet kuwukira inaliko pa amadzibisa atatu: Khorog - Faizabad, Kushka - Shindad - Kandahar ndi Termez - Kunduz - Kabul. Airfields Kandahar, Bagram ndi Kabul anatenga asilikali Russian.

Magawo chachikulu cha nkhondo

Khalani mphamvu Soviet ku Afghanistan inkakhala masiteji 4.

1 December 1979 - February 1980. The phased oyamba ndi mayikidwe a asilikali a Soviet pa dera la Republic.

2 March 1980 - April 1985. Olowa Afghanstan gawo la kasamalidwe ka Nkhondo yogwira.

3. May 1985 - December 1986. Soviet ndege, kukonza mayunitsi ndi zida zankhondo anathandiza zochita za asilikali Afghanstan. Umayang'anira kwambiri za zipolopolo kuchokera kunja. Six Soviet regiments pakali pano anabwerera ku USSR.

4. January 1987 - February 1989. mayunitsi Soviet anapitiriza kuchirikiza magulu Afghanstan mu kukanganako. Anali kukonzekera kunyumba achite achire zonse za asilikali a Soviet. Umayambira 15 May 1988 15 February 1989, anatsogolera ntchito, mkulu General Boris Gromov.

Afghanstan nkhondo (1979-1989 gg.) Ndikupitirizabe pang'ono poyerekeza ndi zaka khumi, kukhala yeniyeni, mu masiku 2238.

The ungwazi wa msilikali Soviet

Ngwazi za nkhondo Afghanstan mwina kudziwika kwa anthu ambiri a Russia. Onse anamva za zochita zawozo wolimba. Mbiri ya nkhondo Afghanistan ali zochita ambiri olimba mtima ndi amunamuna. asilikali angati ndi alonda anasenza mavuto a nkhondo, ndipo ambiri a iwo kunyumba mabokosi nthaka! Iwo amanyadira amadzitcha okha asilikali Afghanistan.

Tsiku lililonse likadutsa zochitika miyandamiyanda ku Afghanistan akukhala kutali kwambiri kwa ife. Sitidzaiwala ungwazi ndi mtima wa asilikali Soviet. Iwo anafunika kuyamikira kwa anthu Afghanstan ndi kulemekeza Russia mu mzere wa ntchito ya usilikali kwa Lathu. Ndipo iwo anachita izo amafuna mogwirizana ndi lumbiro asilikali. Chifukwa cha zochita zozizwitsa ndi mtima wa asilikali Soviet anapatsidwa ndi mphoto yapamwamba boma, ambiri a iwo atamwalira.

Mu mndandanda wa awardees

Oposa mazana awiri zikwi asilikali anali mu mphoto ya Order ndi mendulo ya USSR, lomwe 11 zikwi atamwalira. Hero wa Soviet Union nawo anthu 86, 28 iwo sankadziwa za izo, chifukwa mphoto wabwera mochedwa kwambiri.

Musachoke m'gulu la ngwazi Afghanstan ndi nthumwi za nthambi zosiyana za ntchito: .. Sitima zonyamula mafuta, paratroopers, Moto oyenda, ndege, akatswiri, signalers, etc. mosaopa asilikali mu kwambiri zinthu, limatiuza za Luso kwawo, kupirira ndi kukonda dziko lako. Chintchito ngwazi za, adetsa ake mkulu mabere nkhondo sangachoke aliyense osayanjanitsika.

Tisamaiwale timanyadira ...

Ngwazi za nkhondo Afghanstan zikuwavuta kukumbukira zochitika pa zaka nkhondo. Mwina sindikufuna kutsegulanso mabala wakale zimene ali magazi, m'pofunika kokha kukhudza. Ndikufuna kuunikila ena a iwo, chifukwa zochita ndi kuti moyo imeneyi mu zaka. asilikali akufa mu nkhondo Afghanstan ndinu woyenera kulankhula za iwo.

Private NY Afinogenov anali kupereka mutu Hero wa Soviet Union atamwalira. Iye anabisa mthunzi anzake pogwira ndi ntchito zofunika. Pamene iye anathamangira kunja kwa zipolopolo, ndi grenade watha, iye yekha ndi dushmans amene anali pafupi. NCO Chepnik N. ndi A. Myronenko analandira momwemo, pamene anaika mu chilengedwe.

Munthu angathe tchulani ambiri zitsanzo wodzipereka. The cohesion asilikali Soviet kumenyana mgwirizano, atsogoleri ndi atumiki umodzi ndi kunyada makamaka.

Private Yury Fokin anamwalira kuyesera kupulumutsa mkulu ndiwobvulazidwa. Asilikali chabe otsekedwa ndi thupi lake, zimavuta kufa. Alonda msilikali Yury Fokin anali atamwalira kupereka dongosolo la Red Star. Msilikali Komkov G. I. anapanga zofanana feat.

Chilakolako miyoyo yawo kuti akwaniritse lamulo mkulu kuteteza bwenzi lake, kupulumutsa ulemu wa asilikali - ndi maziko a ntchito zonse amunamuna a asilikali ku Afghanistan. Kumbuyo kwa Mama Current kutenga chitsanzo chimodzi. Ndi angati afa mu nkhondo Afghanstan anyamata athu! Ndipo aliyense wa iwo ndi woyenera mutu wa ngwazi.

Kodi izo zonse zinayamba

Mbiri ya nkhondo Afghanstan chisoni. Mu 1978, Afghanistan unachitikira April zisinthe, chifukwa cha amene adadza kwa mphamvu Anthu Democratic Party. Boma analengezeratu dziko la Democratic Republic. M. N. Taraki anatenga monga mutu wa boma ndi nduna yaikulu. X. Amin anaikidwa woyamba Wachiwiri nduna yaikulu ndiponso mtumiki yachilendo.

July 19 akuluakulu Afghanstan anapereka USSR kuyambitsa magulu awiri Soviet mu yangozi. boma lathu kuthetsa nkhaniyi anapita ku zokambirana yaing'ono. Iwo akufuna mu ikudzayo kutumiza kwa Kabul ndi battalion wapadera ndi ndege ndi oyeretsa Soviet.

October 10 Afghanstan akuluakulu mwalamulo analengeza imfa yadzidzidzi ya Taraki matenda aakulu osachiritsika. Patapita anatuluka kuti mutu wa boma khosi ndi akapitawo a asilikali olondera Pulezidenti. Tumizani kuzunzidwa kumbali ya Taraki. The nkhondo ku Afghanistan zoona, wayamba kale mu November 1979.

chisankho kuti atumize asilikali Afghanistan

Womwalirayo mutu wa Taraki boma anafuna kuika wina mmalo kwambiri patsogolo. Choncho, pambuyo pa imfa yake, positi anakhala Babrak Karmal.

Pa December 12, patapita chiyanjo cha zochita zawo ndi ntchito ya Politburo Brezhnev anaganiza kupereka thandizo la asilikali ku Afghanistan. December 25, 1979 anayamba uthenga wa asilikali athu kudziko pa 15.00 Moscow nthawi. Tikumbukenso kuti udindo wa USSR mu nkhondo Afghanstan ndi yaikulu, ngati mayunitsi Soviet zothandiza zonse zotheka kuti asilikali Afghanstan.

zifukwa zazikulu kulephera kwa asilikali Russian

Pa chiyambi cha nkhondo, masoka anali kumbali ya asilikali Soviet chitsimikizo cha ichi - kugwira ntchito mu Panjshir. Vuto lalikulu kwa mayunitsi athu anali mphindi pamene Mujahideen litapita mivi "mbola" imene mosavuta kugunda chandamale chapatali ndithu. Technology, angathe kumenya chida mu ndege, asilikali Soviet analibe. Chifukwa cha ntchito "mbola" Mujahideen anawomberedwa pansi angapo asilikali ndi zoyendera zathu ndege. zinthu zinasintha yekha pamene asilikali Russian anacititsa ena maroketi m'manja mwawo.

Kusintha mphamvu

Mu March 1985, boma la Soviet Union, zasintha ndi utsogoleri ankadutsa M. S. Gorbachevu. Kusankhidwa wake kwambiri anasintha zinthu mu Afghanistan. Nthawi yomweyo funso linauka kuti asilikali Soviet posakhalitsa anasiya dziko, ndipo ngakhale ena masitepe kukhazikitsa izo.

Mu Afghanistan, monga kusintha mphamvu: malo a B. Karmal anatenga M. Najibullah. Iwo anayamba achire pang'onopang'ono mayunitsi Soviet. Koma ngakhale zitatha izi nkhondo Republican ndi Islamists sikuti mwasiya ndipo ulipobe. Komabe, mbiri ya Soviet Union mu nkhondo Afghanstan uwu.

zifukwa zazikulu inayamba maudani ku Afghanistan

Zimene zikuchitika ku Afghanistan anali sanailingalirepo bata chifukwa kupeza mabwalo m'dera geopolitical. The khama chachikulu pofuna zimakhudza mu dziko lino, panthawi ina ya Russian Ufumu United Kingdom. Mu 1919, boma la Afghanistan analengeza ufulu wodzilamulira ku England. Russia, nawonso, ndi limodzi mwa mayiko woyamba kuzindikira dziko latsopano.

Mu 1978, Afghanistan walandira udindo wa Democratic Republic, ndipo anatsatira pambuyo ndi kusintha watsopano, koma sikuti aliyense ankafuna kuti atenge iwo. Ndipo anayamba kukangana pakati pa Islamists ndi Republican, zomwe zathandiza kuti nkhondo yapachiweniweni. Pamene utsogoleri mabwalo wakhala anazindikira kuti sangathe kusamalira okha, zinali kupempha thandizo kwa angakuthandizeni ake - Soviet Union. Patapita Mofulumira, Soviet Union anatenga kusankha kutumiza asilikali Afghanistan.

Memory buku

Cham'munsi ndi kutali ife tsiku pamene asilikali Soviet otsiriza anachoka m'dziko Afghanistan a. Nkhondo imeneyi wasiya m'mbiri ya dziko lathu kwambiri kukoma chizindikiro, ataphimbidwa ndi magazi. Zikwi wamng'ono, osati koma anakwanitsa kuona moyo wa ana sanabwerere kunyumba. Tsoka ndi kukumbukira ululu. Pakuti anali nsembe onsewa?

Masauzande asilikali Afghanistan akhala kwambiri anayesedwa nkhondo, osati kokha sanataye, koma anasonyezanso kuti anali wolimba mtima, ungwazi, kudzipereka ndi chikondi kwa Mama. Nkhondo yawo mzimu anali unshakeable, ndipo iwo anadutsa ulemu nkhondo mwankhanza. Ambiri anavulala ndipo ankapatsidwa pa zipatala asilikali, koma kuvulala lalikulu, amene anali akusamba ndipo komabe magazi, sangathe kuchiza nthenda iliyonse, ngakhale dokotala wakhala zaka zambiri. Pamaso pa anthu awa unakhetsedwa anafa comrades awo, akufa anafa mozunzika ku mabala ake. Ife asilikali Afghanistan yekha kukumbukira wosatha wa abwenzi akufa.

Mu Russia Chikumbutso Bukhu la nkhondo Afghanstan. Ndi moyo imeneyi mayina a otchuka amene anafa m'gawo la Republic. M'dera lililonse pali Bukhu osiyana Memory wa asilikali amene anatumikira ku Afghanistan, amene mayina ndi alembedwa otchuka amene anafa mu nkhondo Afghanstan. Images imene ife kuyang'ana pa anyamata aang'ono okongola mtima wanu kuotcha ululu. Ndipotu, palibe anyamata awa salinso moyo. "Sikunathandize akale mkazi akuyembekezera mwana wake kupita kunyumba ..." - mawu awa nthawi ya nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse, anagundidwa mu chikumbukiro nzika iliyonse Russia ndi kuumirizidwa kuti compress mtima. Choncho tiyeni adzakhalabe ndi kukumbukira chamuyaya cha ngwazi za nkhondo Afghanstan, amene ndidzakupumulitsani izi Book moona chopatulika cha Memory.

The zotsatira za nkhondo Afghanstan anthu - izo suchokera kuti boma wapanga ndi kuthetsa mikangano, ndi chiwerengero cha anthu ophedwa, amene ali zikwi.