"Duga" radar inateteza kumwamba kwathu kwa zaka 20

Panthawi ya Cold War, mbali zotsutsanazo zinaopsezana, makamaka ndi maomboni ndi zida za nyukiliya. Komabe, atsogoleri a mayiko omwe amatsogolera kutsutsana ndikukhala ndi zida zamphamvu zowononga zida zakupha, zomwe ndi USSR ndi US, adadziwa kuti kuthekera kwa nkhondo ngati "chimfine" kuchoka ku "malo otentha" n'zotheka kokha ngati zida zambiri zoperekedwa ndi mdani Mamembala adzadziwika ndi kutengedwa nthawi, ndipo chinthu chodabwitsa - chatsekedwa. Kotero lingaliro la "kufufuza koyambirira" linayambira.

Ntchito zinachitidwa kuchokera kumbali zonsezo, zinali zobisika kwambiri. Chimodzimodzinso chidziwitso cha dzikoli chokhazikitsa chida cha nyukiliya chinali chinsinsi cha boma osachepera, ndipo mwina chachikulu kuposa chiwerengero cha nkhondo ndi njira zawo zoperekera.

Mu USSR, bungwe lapadera la kafukufuku DAR, loyendetsedwa ndi wamkulu wamkulu wa FA, linakhudzidwa pakukula kwa kayendedwe ka maselo amtundu wa missile . Kuzminsky, kuyambira m'ma 1960.

Pogwiritsa ntchito dongosololi, chizindikiro cha chisokonezo chimasonyezedwa ndi ionosphere, yomwe imapezeka panthawi yoyamba ndipo imayambitsidwa ndi moto wa bubu, idagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chinthu chachikulu pozindikira miyala yamtendere.

Pofika chaka cha 1970, mayesero a Duga radar, omwe adatchedwa polojekitiyi, anali atayesedwa ndi kuyesedwa pa zida za Soviet zomwe zinayambika kuchokera ku Baikonur cosmodrome, Pacific Ocean and ships and launched launchers in Far East. Radiar anali ndi zotsatira zabwino pamkhalidwe wochepa wa phokoso la ionospheric. Boma linaganiza zomanga radar yamphamvu "Duga" kudera la Mykolayiv. Malowa sanasankhidwe mosavuta, malowa akhoza kuyendetsa dera lonse la Black Sea, Turkey, Israel ndi gawo lalikulu la Ulaya mkati mwa makilomita 3000. Monga momwe ndondomeko yachilendo yakunja ikanaonekera panthawi imeneyo, wina angoganiza chabe.

Mutu wambiri wa "Duga" unayima pa tsiku lachisanu ndi chiwiri chakumapeto kwa October Revolution. Ngakhale kuti zinali zovuta kwambiri, zinali zovuta kuthetseratu zowonongeka zazomwe, sitima yotsatila inali ndi miyeso yayikulu, kutalika kwa antenna kunali mamita 135, ndipo kutalika kunali mamita mazana. Kuphatikiza apo, raga ya Duga inachititsa kuti mafilimu asokonezedwe ngati mawonekedwe ngati ogogoda, omwe analandira, mwamsanga, dzina la "Russian woodpecker" pakati pa mayiko a NATO omwe ankagwira ntchito zamagetsi. Komabe, kuzindikira kwina kwa mdani wodalirika kungakhale kwothandiza. Analetsa kudzikuza koopsa komanso kupititsa patsogolo mphamvu zamagetsi ku Pentagon, kukondwera ndi kuwonjezeka kwa chiwerengero cha zida za nyukiliya, komanso kupezeka kwa mitsinje ya Tomahawk, yomwe inali yovuta kuizindikira ndi radare.

Raga ya Duga inali yamphamvu kwambiri, choncho zitsulo zake ziwiri zotsatira zinakwera pafupi ndi zomera. Pambuyo ngoziyi ku Chernobyl, mmodzi wa iwo anayenera kutsekedwa chifukwa cha zifukwa zomveka. Kutsika kochepa kwa chizindikiro chovomerezedwa pamasinkhulidwe akuluakulu a ionospheric kunapangitsa kuti kuleka kugwira ntchito kwa ena awiriwo. Malo awo anali otanganidwa ndi kayendedwe koyambirira koyambirira.