Democritus ndi ndani? chuma cha Democritus

Amadziwika kuti Greece wakale anali mayi wa malingaliro atsopano a nzeru ndi maphunziro ena a sayansi. Ndi ku dziko lino anabwera kwa ife ziphunzitso za afilosofi wakale Greek ndi asayansi za kuli njira zosiyanasiyana zimene zimachitika mu dziko, kuphatikizapo maganizo.

Aristotle, Plato, Archimedes, Diogenes, Socrates, Democritus, Leucippus, Epicurus ndi ena ambiri anayambitsa nzeru zazikulu za sayansi. Bukuli lili ndi ziphunzitso za watsopano, bwino, kapena malingaliro awo otsutsanawa.

M'nkhani ino tikambirana kwambiri za omwe Ali Democritus. Umunthu ngati Aristotle ndi Socrates, osalephera, zimadziwika ngakhale kwa ana. M'maphunziro ano mbiri sukulu anthu awa kwenikweni otchulidwa. Koma mayina a Democritus, Epicurus, Leucippus wodziwika mu mabwalo kuchepera mwa anthu amene asankha nzeru za maziko a ntchito yawo. Ziphunzitso akatswiri awa zambiri zovuta mozama kumvetsa.

Amene ali Democritus

Democritus (Latin Demokritos.) - Greek nzeru za anthu. Iye anabadwa pafupifupi 460 BC ndipo anakhala 360 BC. Mtengo waukulu Democritus - ndi atomistic chiphunzitso, woyambitsa wa chimene Iye wakhala.

Tsiku lenileni la kubadwa kwa nzeru zapamwamba, palibe amene akudziwa. Asayansi ena a nthawi nadzinenera kuti iye anabadwa mu 460 BC. e, ena -. 470 BC. e. Pankhaniyi, chimodzimodzi kunena amene ali kumanja, sikutheka.

Kumene, mbiri Democritean sangathe anafotokoza bwinobwino. Pali kwambiri mfundo zolakwika. Komabe, tikhoza kulankhula za chiyambi cha nzeru zapamwamba ili ku banja lolemera.

njira ya moyo

Diogenes Laertius zapita nthano kuti nzeru zapamwamba anaphunzira Amagi ndi Akasidi, amene anali mfumu ya Perisiya bambo ake. Imafotokoza kuti mphatso anaperekedwa amayamikira chakuti gulu lankhondo la Sasita anakadyetsedwa chakudya pamene anadutsa Thrace - wakwawo kwa Democritus.

Democritus kwambiri amakonda kuyenda. Choncho, ndi chuma chambiri anathera basi. Pa moyo wake, Democritus anapita osachepera 4 limati - Igupto, Perisiya, India ndi Babulo.

Panali nthawi mu moyo wa nzeru zapamwamba, pamene iye ankakhala mu Athens ndi kuphunzira mu zolemba Socrates. Komanso, pali umboni kuti Democritus pamene adawonekera kwa Anaxagoras.

"Kuseka" nzeru zapamwamba

Ambiri a m'nthawi yake sanamvetse amene Democritus. Iye nthaŵi zambiri mudzi wake ndi cholinga zachinsinsi. Kuzemba kugonthetsa ndipo amangokhala ali pikitipikiti, anakacheza manda. Democritus khalidwe zambiri zachilendo ankasiyana: iye akanakhoza tinafa ndi phwete popanda chifukwa chenicheni, chabe chifukwa mavuto anamukantha ngati oseketsa. Zikomo Mbali imeneyi ya khalidwe lake anatchedwa "nzeru zapamwamba kuseka".

Ambiri adakhulupirira nzeru zapamwamba pang'ono wopenga. Ngakhale Hippocrates makamaka inali anaitana kwa matenda - wotchuka dokotala nthawi, amenenso anasiya chizindikiro chake pa nthawi ino. Zotsatira za msonkhano ndi nzeru zapamwamba anali umboni kuti Democritus ndi wathanzi komanso m'maganizo, ndi kuthupi. Komanso, dokotala taonera maganizo mochenjera nzeru zapamwamba wa.

Ntchito ya Democritus

dzina Democritus amagwirizana ndi zosayembekezereka wa wofunikila Chiphunzitsochi Philosophy - atomism. Chiphunzitsochi Chili sayansi monga sayansi, akatswiri, epistemology, kuwerenga kwa maganizo ndi makhalidwe. Akukhulupirira kuti mfundo imeneyi ndi mabvuto ogwirizana atatu wakale Greek nthanthi sukulu lalikulu Pythagorean, Eleatic ndi Milesian.

Akatswiri a sayansi amanena kuti Democritus mu nthawi yake woyambitsa oposa 70 timapepala osiyana. Mitu ya ntchito zimenezi ndi m'mabuku a Diogenes Laertes - kuposa asayansi ena alionse analemba, amene ali Democritus. Childs, mathirakiti anali tetralogy wa sayansi zosiyanasiyana - masamu, sayansi ya chikhalidwe, mabuku, chinenero, ntchito za sayansi ndi mankhwala ngakhale.

Payokha, ndi Dziwani kuti Democritus ankaona mlembi "Buku la Akasidi" ndi "Pa zolemba zopatulika ku Babulo." Ichi ndi chifukwa nthano kuti womwe unakhazikitsidwa maphunziro ndi oyendayenda nzeru za anthu.

chuma cha Democritus

maganizo amenewa ndi nthumwi wotchuka kwambiri wa chuma atomistic. Democritus ananena kuti dziko loyandikira malinga ndi kuzindikira kwenikweni, zimasintha, osiyanasiyana. Chirichonse anapanga kanthu ndi wachabechabe. Zinali ndiye kuti mawu akuti "atomu" anali koyamba monga laling'ono indivisible chigawo chimodzi cha zinthu zonse. Democritus chiphunzitso limanena kuti dziko lonse kukhala ndi ma atomu, amene kusunthira mu achabe.

maganizo amenewa anali chiphunzitso cha zosayembekezereka ya mmene kanyamaka pakati pa Dziko Lapansi, limene linapangidwa ndi kugunda maatomu kulemera osiyana, kukula ndi mawonekedwe. Monga atomu zakuthupi indivisible ndi wosatha mtengo, pali ambiri maatomu kulemera osiyana ndi mawonekedwe. Choncho, panopa alibe okhutira, ndi pamodzi kupanga chinthu zimasintha chifukwa cha kayendedwe nthawi zonse zingalowe m'malo a.

Postulates wa atomism Democritus ntchito ziphunzitso za moyo ndi moyo. Malinga ndi zolemba zake, chamoyo lili ndi moyo, koma Pamlingo osiyana. Moyo ndi imfa - chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa pawiri kapena maatomu. Democritus ananena kuti moyo - kuyanjana kwa wapadera "amoto" maatomu, amene kwenikweni, komanso mongoyembekezera. Kuchokera pa tiganizira izi chiphunzitso cha kusafa kwa moyo anakana.