Common vole: malongosoledwe a mitundu, malo okhala ndi mfundo zosangalatsa

Za Common Vole anamva, mwina aliyense. Izi rodent pang'ono - temberero minda ndi farmlands mafakitale. Ndi luso zikupitiriza, wamba vole mu kakafupi nthawi akhoza zoipa mpaka kalekale kwa infield lapansi.

Kufotokozera ndi malo

vole Common wa banja la hamsters. Izi mitundu rodent si zazikulu, kapena chidwi maonekedwe. Iwo amafanana kwambiri mbewa kapena makoswe Komabe, ndi yosamveka ikhale pamphuno mawonekedwe ndi zazing'ono makutu anamaliza.

Thupi kutalika voles ndi zazing'ono - yekha 10-12 cm, mchira -. 5 cm rodent pazipita kulemera osati choposa 45 ga

The tsitsi kumbuyo, khosi ndi pamwamba pa mutu wa imvi bulauni mthunzi, pamimba, chibwano ndi mmunsi mwa mchira wa chikasu-grayish. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti ndi m'badwo scalp amamuchititsa apeputseko vole, nthawi zambiri Tingaone imvi.

Habitat amakhudza nkhalango ndi zone steppe European Africa ku Atlantic m'malire kwa mapiri Altaian. Voles zimapezeka kum'mwera Scandinavia, mu Western Siberia ndi ku Middle Urals. Chambiri makoswe awa moyo mu Caucasus, Balkans, mu Crimea ndi kumpoto kwa Kazakhstan. Amasangalala m'chigawo Mongolian, kumene kuli Central Asia ndi Asia Minor.

Ngakhale miyezo choletsa munthu, ndi voles zofanana za mtundu wina ambiri makoswe.

Wamba imvi vole: makhalidwe ndi makhalidwe

Field mbewa mwa anthu m'banja limene azikhala akazi angapo wamkulu ndi 3-4 mibadwo ya ana awo. Ngakhale chotero mawonekedwe amtendere, voles, amuna ndi dera lawo kwambiri. Choncho, umwini wa amuna ndi za 1-1.5 kuchokera mu utali wozungulira ndi midzi angapo bwanji akazi.

Voles ali achisoni kwambiri - tingasonyeze waubwenzi ndi lotseguka mokwiya. Quarrelsomeness makamaka amapezeka amuna, zina, mbewa scuffle umatha ndi imfa ya chiwalo.

Kuti tikhale ndi zonse voles thupi kutentha kutsatira ulamuliro, amene ali cyclical m'chilengedwe. Pamaola maola 3 enteric mwana kugona nthawi zina 2-4, kuyambira pa 3 mpaka 9 malaya oyera, kuyambira pa 2 mpaka 6 anatengedwa yokonza ndi kukula kwa zikwapu awo. Chiwerengero cha feedings pa nthawi yomweyo zimasiyanasiyana 6 mpaka 20.

Mumakhalako wamba vole

N'zovuta kulingalira bwino wamanga kuposa vole wamba. Kufotokozera nyumba yake - zovuta. ndime Labyrinths ali kukongoletsa ndi ndinaganiza, ngati sanalenge yaing'ono voracious rodent, ndi gulu la anthu ogwira ntchito, metrostroevtsev.

Phando ali zopezera makonde yopapatiza, zimene zimachititsa makamera angapo. Kusankhidwa kwa zipinda izi wapadera ndi osiyana: ena amatumikira monga malo osungira tirigu ndi m'matangadza zina chakudya, pamene ena - enawo ndi kuswana.

The mobisa okhalamo vole ali milingo zingapo: pamwamba (35 masentimita kuya) ili chipinda ndi chakudya, jacks, mbewa izi kukonza pansipa pansi pa akuya pafupifupi theka la mita.

M'nyengo yozizira, ndi vole wamba kawirikawiri masamba kwawo. Zonse kukhala mobisa ndi matalala, izi chisamaliro kuchenjerera nyama ndi mpweya wa mphanga awo. Chifukwa chaichi, vole kuchita yopapatiza (1.5 cm) ofukula kutsinde, sipangakhalenso zoonekeratu njuchi awo.

chakudya

Vole zakudya angatchedwe mokwanira osiyanasiyana. Izi makoswe ang'ono kudya mtedza, zipatso, zanthete ndi mizu ya mitengo pafupifupi 80 a zomera. Akakhala ndi sudzapereka pa tizilombo yaing'ono ndi nkhono.

Zokonda zapatsidwa kwa mbewu monga chimanga ndi nyemba, mtundu uliwonse, ndi mu maphunzirowa ndi zanthete ndi mbewu okhwima. M'nyengo yozizira, izi odziwika bwino tizirombo ulimi nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi zapansi m'nyumba ndi nkhokwe, komanso kudziluma ngati makungwa a mitengo ya zipatso, kudya makungwa achinyamata awo.

Mavuto amene amachititsa wamaluwa wamba vole chaka okha mofanana ndi incursion dzombe. Kuopsyezera kutali izi makoswe ang'ono ntchito akupanga zipangizo, komanso zomera, fungo limene iwo sadzalekerera. Amenewa anafotokoza timbewu tonunkhira, thuja, adyo. Ambiri mudzaze dzenje anapeza madzi, koma sumapulumutsa munda ku mliri mbewa, kamodzi kwa nthawi zonse.

Mwachita bwino pa malo 2-3 mzati kuti kukopa mbalame zodya nyama, monga padzakhala iwo kwambiri mumtengomo. Mwachitsanzo, kadzidzi m'chaka angathe kuwononga mpaka 1,200 makoswe ang'ono. Kodi kunena za nyama zolusa: ferret tsiku lina ankatha kugwira zidutswa 10-12.

kubalana

Kunena kuti vole wamba kuberekana - kunena kanthu. Mlingo wa kubalana ndi zodabwitsa chabe, m'mikhalidwe yabwino.

Mating nyengo akuyamba ndi kubera kasupe (March-April) ndipo itha kugwa (November). Kwa chaka chimodzi akazi chibala 3-4. Ngakhale ena amene ankawalamulira, anatenga sanakonde kutchetcha udzu kapena tirigu m'nkhokwe, kungayambitse chaka chonse.

mimba wamkazi kumatenga pafupifupi 20 masiku, kenako kuwala limapezeka avareji mbewa 5-6, kwathunthu pogwira, ndi dazi. Komabe vole ana akutukuka pa mofulumira kwambiri. Pa zaka miyezi 2 wamng'ono osati kwathunthu palokha komanso okhwima.

The moyo wa mbewa, voles ochepa - ochepa chabe munthu wakufa kubadwa chawo choyamba.

mfundo zosangalatsa

makoswe awa ndi zambiri zosangalatsa:

• Common vole kusambira wabwino.
• Ngati munda mbewa miyoyo m'madambo m'malo kamakumba una mobisa zimatenga pa nthambi ya chitsamba kuzungulira chisa cha udzu kapena Moss.
• Kusunga mawonekedwe Khomyakova anyamula makilogalamu mpaka 3 m'matangadza zosiyanasiyana.
• The voles wamkazi otha kutenga mimba pa tsiku 13 miyoyo yawo.
• Chinyama akhoza kudya chakudya zambiri pa tsiku, mochuluka bwanji iye akulemera.
• mano Vole kukula moyo zonse.

Cholengedwa kakang'ono - osati ndi digger kwambiri, ndi kudana rodent: wamba vole ndi kugwirizana zofunika unyolo chakudya angapo a ogwirira, ena mwa iwo ndi pafupi kutha. Choncho, kuwonjezera pa mavuto m'njira zina ndi phindu. Mu chikhalidwe, chirichonse chiri cholukanalukana.