Chiwerengero cha Ufa ndi mbiri ya chitukuko mzinda

Deti la yatsoka mumzinda pakati m'mphepete m'dera la mbiri yakale akadali palibe vutoli. Ndi kuthetsa koyamba mu malo awa ofukula analipo m'nyengo Paleolithic (za 20-30 zikwi zapitazo). Kenako, mu nthawi ya Middle, kumeneko kunali midzi ina, makamaka Chitata. Komabe, iwo anali chabe magalimoto zosakhalitsa mafuko woyendayendawu. Full-kunachitika tawuni pa malo anakhazikitsidwa mu theka lachiwiri la m'zaka XVI.

Chiwerengero loyamba Ufa inkakhala makamaka a Bashkirs. Ndi iwo amene atagwa Kazan Khanate akatulukire kwa mfumu kukapempha kuti m'mayiko amenewa anakhazikitsidwa mpanda wolimba kuteteza malire a boma. Pamene dongosolo loyamba pa phiri anasankha, palibe zikalata zomwe zilipo musati amanena zinamangidwa. Komabe, amaganiza kuti anapangidwa pambuyo pa pempho mu chaka chamawa kapena chaka chimodzi. Ambiri, ndi ndithu nkhani wamba, ambiri a mizinda ya ku Russia a masiku ano adawuka monga malinga ndi malire. Ena mwa iwo Mapeto ake katundu phindu lochuluka, Doug nakhalabe midzi zigawo, koma ena anali mwayi kukhala pa mphambano ya njira malonda kwambiri, kupeza chinthu chachikulu kufunika pagulu (mwachitsanzo, mayunivesite), ndi ena chabe kwa nthawi yaitali yofunika njira ina. Mwayi pa nkhani imeneyi ndi mzinda wathu. Chiwerengero cha Ufa anakula, ndi Kutacha zofunikira lonse wa m'mudzi. Kale mu 1586 icho poyamba otchulidwa zikalata monga mzinda zonse kunachitika. M'zaka woyamba linakhalapo, Ufa amakhalabe gulu la asilikali yofunika ya malire lachifumu. Apa voevodcheskaya mtundu wa boma apangidwa ndi zonse ndaikhazika asilikali ankhondo.

Makoma a linga la, osawuka mtendere anakhazikika, ndipo posakhalitsa panafunika pomanga stockade latsopano, kuti mukulitse malire a mzinda. Pakati pa zaka za m'ma XVII Ufa kale sitampu ake chizindikiro mwini. Chiwerengero cha Ufa nthawi imeneyi owerengedwa ndi anthu 1500.

The linga - ndi likulu

Kukula kwa malire lachifumu, kusintha kwa madera awa mu zone ya bata analimbikitsa malonda komanso ulimi chitukuko mu kufupi ndi mzinda. Chiwerengero anakula bwinobwino. M'zaka ziwiri zotsatira, kuchokera Ufa linga yaing'ono pang'onopang'ono inasanduka malo zachuma ndi boma. Mu 1728 n'kukhala likulu la chigawo cha Ufa, mu 1781 - likulu la boma, ndi 1802, ndi pa mzinda onse akuzigawo. Mu XIX atumwi mofulumira osauka mafakitale katundu ndi kuwala, makamaka lalikulu zedi pali tanneries. Pakutha mphero za m'ma komanso mafakitale ku Ufa anali pafupi makumi atatu, osati kuwerenga zambiri zokambirana luso artisanal. Mu 1870, iye anatsegula kutumiza zonse njira ya White Mtsinje, ndi nineties oyambirira limapezeka Ufa pasiteshoni ya sitima. mzinda zimachitikanso malonda.

mphamvu Soviet

Pa nkhondo yapachiweniweni Ufa kangapo wadutsa kuchokera ku dzanja m'manja, koma potsiriza mu 1922 apo unakhazikitsidwa ulamuliro wa Bolsheviks. Ngati dziko lonse, mu zaka 1920-30 mzinda akukumana mafakitale mofulumira ndi chitukuko cha luso lopanga. Apa ife kumanga Engine Bzalani, matenthedwe magetsi ndi zina zambiri zofunikira zofunika mafakitale. Zimenezi sanali ngakhale mawu nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse, kuyambira malire a kumadzulo kwa dziko muno mu lalikulu anasamutsidwa zimphona mafakitale Ukraine, Belarus ndi chakum'mawa kwa RSFSR. M'malo mwake, Ufa yofunika kwambiri
phunziro mafakitale zoweta, zopeleka kwambiri kwa luso thandizo la chigonjetso. Mu nthawi pambuyo nkhondo, mzinda ochuluka kusuntha kwa mafuta kupanga, amene amaonetsetsa kulemera kwake mpaka lero.

Mzinda wamakono wa Ufa: anthu

Lero, mzinda zasintha kwambiri ndipo anayamba zomangamanga ake. Izi kuli ndi ubwino pa chikoka chake kwa anthu athu mu mawu a kusamuka mkati. Chiwerengero cha Ufa mu 2013 ndi zoposa wani miliyoni.