Chipilala Lermontov mu Moscow: chithunzi ndi kufotokozera

June 4, 1965, pa dzuwa tsiku chilimwe, chachikulu kutsegula kwa chipilala Lermontovu Mihailu Yurevichu kwawo - mu Moscow. Pa mwambo nawo andakatulo, olemba, ofufuza ophunzira, ana ndi antchito wamba. Kuyambira olankhulira adawomba malankhulidwe congratulatory ndi ndakatulo.

Ganizo kulenga chipilala kuti Lermontov mu Moscow anaonekera mu 1941. Izo zinali mu chaka cha chikumbutso 100th imfa ya boma ndakatulo ndi matauni anatengera lamulo pa ntchito yomanga chikumbukiro. Koma anayamba Wamkulu kukonda dziko lako nkhondo sizingatheke kuzindikira maganizo nthawi yomweyo.

Only mu 60s oyambirira panali mpata wobwerera lingaliro limeneli. Mpikisano zingapo ntchito yabwino ya chipilala anali ikuchitika. Ndipo mu 1964, m'chaka cha chikumbutso 150th la kubadwa kwake, ndi ntchito yoyamba Moscow, chipilala kuti Lermontov anali naye. Ntchito inayambika opanga wake.

Moscow mu moyo wanga Lermontov

Mu Moscow, Lermontov moyo okwana osapitirira 5 zaka. Koma ndi mzinda mu moyo wake tikusonkhana ndi nkhani yofunika kwambiri. Kodi mu October 1814 iye anabadwa. Komabe, miyezi ingapo, kumayambiriro 1815 kupita Tarkhany, kuti chuma cha agogo ake kumbali ya amake, pamene iye anaukitsidwa kwa zaka 13.

Mu 1827, Lermontov kamodzinso anakakhala Moscow, kuti maphunziro. Waphunzira choyamba mu B & B pa Moscow Imperial University, ndiyeno apita ku yunivesite yokha.

Pomaliza, ndi Moscow chikugwirizana ndi chiyambi cha ntchito yolenga a ndakatulo iyi. Mu 1830, a "Spring" anaonekera mu ndakatuloyi wake "Athenaeum" magazini. Zinali buku loyamba Lermontov. iye molimba analowa mabuku Russian a nthawi.

The chipilala oyamba ndakatulo iyi

Nkhani kulenga chipilala kuti Lermontov idayamba m'ma XIX, zaka pafupifupi 40 pambuyo pa imfa yake oopsa duel a. Mu Pyatigorsk, panali kanthu gulu, amene anayamba amalimbikitsa maganizo, kufunafuna chilolezo boma komanso kutsogolera fundraiser.

Pa nthawi yomweyo anali akufuna kukhazikitsa Lermontov chipilala mu Moscow. Koma mu 1880 tadutsa zikondwerero phokoso pa nthawi ya kutsegula kwa chipilala kuti Pushkin kumeneko (ntchito Opekushin AM), kotero latsopano wofuna ntchito Moscow boma anakakamizika kusiya.

Chilengedwe cha chipilala anali yoyamba zaka zambiri ntchito kukonzekera. Mu 1889 anapita woyamba mu Pyatigorsk Lermontov chipilala.

zipilala ena Lermontov

Potsatira chipilala anamangidwa mu Pyatigorsk, Lermontov achikumbutso anayamba kuoneka mizinda ina Russian. Mu 1892 - mu Penza (ziboliboli Gunzburg IJ), mu 1896 - mu St. Petersburg (Kreytan VP), mu 1900 - mu Serednikovo wakunja kwatawuni (Golubkina AS). Kawiri anayesa kuimika chipilala pamalo a duel Lermontov a mu Pyatigorsk. The ntchito woyamba akuyendera 1901 (by Baikov AA), koma patatha zaka 6, chosema sanali kumusamalira chifukwa Linapangidwa wa gypsum. The chipilala latsopano pamalo amodzi anakhazikitsidwa mu 1915 (Mlembi Mikeshin BM).

Luso WANGA Lermontov anaika mu Tambov, Gelendzhik, malo owonera zakale Tarkhany (Penza Region), Grozny. Izo zinachitika kuti mu dziko la wolemba ndakatulo mu Moscow, kukumbukira wake perpetuated pafupifupi lomaliza. Koma chipilala Moscow anaima kunja ndi kuti akhale mmisiri, ndi njira zake okhudza malo. Iye anali nawo m'njira zambiri zedi, koma pa nthawi yake.

Kusankha malo Lermontov chipilala mu Moscow

Funso malo chipilala adzakhala anaika wakhala msanga. Commission mamembala pamodzi osankhidwa gawo pa Red Chipata Square, lomwe kuyambira 1941 limadziwika ndi dzina wolemba ndakatulo wa. Suli kutali lalikulu panali nyumba kumene iye anabadwa Mu Lermontov.

Chipilala Lermontov mu Moscow: siteji kukonzekera

Ubongo wa chipilala anali yoyamba zaka zambiri ntchito. Kulengedwa mpikisano anachitika kuyambira 1958. A loweruza la anthu a Union of ojambula wapenda ambiri mungachite kwa nthawi yaitali popanda kupeza amodzi amene akanati ogwira kwathunthu. A zosiyanasiyana chiwembu ndi mawonekedwe anali kuperekedwa zipilala Lermontov, zithunzi sangathe kuwapeza, koma anakhalabe kufotokoza mawu.

Ena Osema anadalira pa zazikulu njira zosangalatsa, kusankha yachilendo zikuchokera, malo, vuto. Iwo Lermontov anaikidwa pa thanthwe, pa kavalo, atakhala pansi pa Chigawo mwa phiri. ntchito zoterozo zinali chidwi chawo, koma sanali kukumana malo amene wakhala zocitikazo chipilala m'tsogolo.

olemba ena lolunjika pa kufala kwa boma mkati mwa ndakatulo iyi, mwa manja limaonetseratu, kutembenuzira mitu, etc. Koma kwambiri mawu a maganizo a loweruza, kodi sizikugwirizana ndi fano Lermontov.

The chidwi loweruza zinali ntchito imene imathandiza chigamulocho okhudza malo a chipilala cha, kupenda mmene iye zikugwirizanira malo ozungulira.

A gulu la olemba motsogozedwa ndi ID Brodsky pamisinkhu onse mpikisano ali mwa khama kuti tipambane. Ndi ntchito zawo mu 1964 ndipo anavomereza.

Gulu la olemba

Isaac Davidovich Brodsky anali okhwima kwambiri membala wa kuwina timu kulenga. Iye anamenyana pa amadzibisa la Great zosonyeza kukonda nkhondo, ndipo pambuyo maphunziro ake analembedwa Institute of Akutsatira ndi Kukongoletsa Tirhana, kumene anaphunzitsidwa ndi a ziboliboli wotchuka MG Manizer. Asanayambe ntchito pa chipilala kuti Lermontov, Brodsky kale zinachitikira kumanga misewu. Mu zaka 1954-1955 iye kukumbukiridwa AM Gorky Tesselli ndi Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, anapanga zipilala atsogoleri chosintha.

Ife anatenga gawo mu 2 wamng'ono wamanga - Nikolay Nikolaevich Milovidov ndi Grigoriy Efimovich Saevich. Iwo ali ndi udindo chigamulocho okhudza malo a chipilala, ndipo woyengedwa kukula kwake, malo m'dera, anali kusanthula ngati chosema adzakhala mogwirizana ndi nyumba ozungulira.

Kwambiri thandizo gulu kulenga anali ndi kafukufuku IL Andronika, popanda akupangira ndi nsonga Lermontov chipilala mu Moscow sibwenzi analandira ngati chithunzi ndi olondola ndipo maganizo.

Kusankha zinthu

Chithunzi cha ndakatulo iyi anaganiza yopangidwa ndi mkuwa. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zambiri makolo. Chifukwa katundu pulasitiki, izo limakupatsani kulenga nyimbo zovuta, amapereka mbali zochepetsetsa. Luso Lermontov mu Russia kwa gawo lalikulu anapangidwa kuchokera aloyi izi.

Anapanga zamkuwa ndi kukongoletsa grille amapanga chipilala ndi gulu loyimba limodzi. Mbali zotsala za gulu loyimba izi (pedestal benchi danga, kophimba thandizo pylon) anapangidwa ndi opukutidwa imvi lubwe. kuphatikiza kapangidwe osiyana ndi katundu zipangizo analola kuika zamalankhulidwe kumvera pa kulankhula ndi kukwaniritsa expressiveness pazipita.

Kufotokozera za chipilala cha

Luso Lermontov mu Russia ndi osiyana mu mawu a njira ndi yaikulu wowerenga lapansi. Moscow Chikumbutso achidule ndi koma lolankhulalankhula. Chithunzi ndakatulo ali contours okhwima anapanga lalikulu ndege yosalala, malire amene converge pa kumathandiza kupeza ngodya zabwino lakuthwa. Izi amapereka mphamvu angabweretse ndi maonekedwe. Zikuoneka kuti manyazi akuoneka Amabisa yaikulu mphamvu mkati.

Ankachitika ndi zazikulu chosema zimapangitsa kutanthauzira kwa zovala. chithunzi ndi unazunguliridwa mu malaya okhwima asilikali. Koma gusts imagwedeza apansi ake ndipo anatenga kolala, kuwulula chifuwa ndakatulo ndi kwa nyengo. Kuuma uko, anawapundula yophiphiritsira zili aima manja amangiriridwe kumbuyo kwake. Komabe, mutu wa ndakatulo volitional kayendedwe anayamba kwa chizindikiro kuti iye safuna kumvera.

ayesetsa kwambiri anakhala akuyesera kuti apindule chikhalidwe. Iwo makamaka anathandiza nsonga IL Androniko. Pakuti maziko anali kudziona chithunzi cha Lermontov, olengedwa mwa 1837.

mfundo luso

Chinthu choyamba muyenera azimvetsera pamene akulankhula za mbali ya chipilala ndi mu mawonekedwe a pedestal ndi. Mu zikuchokera lonse la pedestal chikumbutso - ndi ambiri odzichepetsa ndi ndale mbali. Miyalayo chipilala, pang'ono patsogolo pakati, ndi imodzi zikutipatsa chithunzi cha ndakatulo pa madera ozungulira ndi kulumikiza kwa iwo, chifukwa nkhani yomweyo anapanga pamsika. Lawi, wopanda chokongoletsera chilichonse, sizisokoneza ku mbali yaikulu ya chikumbukiro.

Mbali yofunika ya kapangidwe ndi lonse benchi, anakafika mbali ina ya malowo. Mu zaka za m'ma otsiriza, iyo inali njira nzeru ozungulira malo. Pakali pano, njira imeneyi ndi ambiri, kusonyeza mbali zake zazikulu ndi ubwino.

Chinthu china kwambiri ndi gulu loyimba lopotana grating embodying Lermontov silhouettes a m'nkhaniyi - Chiwanda ndi Mtsiri. Pakati pa iwo pa mkulu kulera yoweyula akuonetsedwa thanga limodzi. Latisi amachita osati ntchito kukongoletsa, komanso alekanitsa dera kwa ena paki chipilala.

M'mizinda yambiri Russian, zipilala Lermontov anaika, chithunzi Sizotheka kusamutsa iwo akuti, ubwenzi wolimba ndi malo ozungulira. Chinthu chimodzi chili, chipilala anamangidwa mu Moscow, pakati pamwamba atatu.