Caspian flotilla Navy Russia: kapangidwe ndi malo

Kugwira Ntchito Association Caspian flotilla Navy Russia zachokera ku Astrakhan, komanso gawo la zombo pamwamba, kufufuza ndi kupulumutsidwa ziwiya, ndege, mbali ya asilikali a m'mphepete mwa nyanja chitetezo ndi wapadera, luso ndi logistic thandizo. Ntchito zikuluzikulu za izo ndi izi: kupereka zinthu dziko ndi boma la Russia m'chigawo kutsutsa uchigawenga.

nkhani

Red Chabwino Caspian flotilla Navy Russia - pafupifupi wamkulu kugwira ntchito kucheza ndi Bulu la dziko lathu, kupangidwa mu November 1722 Mfumu Peter Wamkulu. Pa nthawi yomweyo doko asilikali Astrakhan, kuteteza kumpoto ndi kugombe la kumadzulo kwa Nyanja ya Caspian inamangidwa. Caspian flotilla Navy Russia wamanga nawo pafupifupi yokopa anthu onse amene kugwiridwa ndi mayiko m'chigawo: ndawala Persian mu 1722, kugwiridwa ndi Mfumu pamodzi ndi zombo kale 80 lalikulu. Kuyambira 1867 m'munsi chachikulu anasamukira ku Baku. Choncho kuteteza nsomba ndi nsomba malonda anali kuperekedwa flotilla Russian zinthu m'mafakitale Iran. Phindu anali akulu: kwa Caspian flotilla Navy Russia anapambana ufulu maliboni St. George ankavala oyendetsa pa kapu yake.

Mu 1918, zombo anali m'gulu la asilikali a m'dera Astrakhan, ndiye izo reorganized mu 1931. Pa Great kukonda dziko lako Caspian flotilla Navy Russia kumenyana pa Mariupol, Kerch, Sevastopol ndi amadzibisa zina zambiri pamodzi ndi amalinyero mu mayendedwe a cargoes asilikali ndi mafuta nyanja Caspian. Pakuti ntchito yake yaikulu mu nkhondo ankhondowo lopondereza, mazana ochuluka a oyendetsa ndi alonda anapatsidwa mendulo ndi mphoto, pakati pawo - otchuka atatu a Soviet Union. Caspian flotilla yokha anali kupereka dongosolo la Red Chabwino ndipo anakhala Red Chabwino.

Kuika ndi zikuchokera

Pamene boma Soviet unatha, ndi Republic lidzasinthidwa mayiko yekha, mu 1992 mphamvu ndi njira zombo flotilla anali olekanitsidwa. peresenti makumi asanu ndi ndalama zake tinabwerera ku Astrakhan, komwe likulu waukulu, ndi kuwonjezera, mu Kaspiysk ndi Makhachkala, peresenti yotsalayo makumi atatu anasamukira ku Azerbaijan - nyumba, zomangamanga ndi zombo m'mphepete mwa nyanja. Mu 2010 ndi Caspian flotilla kale gawo la a Southern usilikali District. Mwina mbali zofunika kwambiri, monga gawo la ilo ndi gawo la sitima Corps, m'mphepete mwa nyanja asilikali roketi zida zankhondo, ndi zina zambiri, kuwonjezera pa dongosolo lenileni - magulu angapo ndipo ngalawa oyeretsa.

Masiku ano, Caspian flotilla ali pafupi makumi zombo ndipo zosiyanasiyana ziwiya, zombo kuperekezedwa awiri - "Dagestan" ndi "Tatarstan", atatu ang'onoang'ono chida - "Uglich", "Grad Sviyazhsk" ndi "Wamkulu Ustyug," anayi yaing'ono chombo zida zankhondo - "Makhachkala" "Volgodonsk" ndi "Astrakhan". Ndipo pali zida zankhondo ndi chida maboti, minesweepers awiri mwa nyanja komanso anaukira asanu, ankafika asanu luso, ndi zambiri. Caspian flotilla, malinga ku Unduna wa Kuteteza Russia, koma mu 2015, nawo asayansi woposa makumi anayi a minda osiyana, kuphatikizapo potsimikizira-uchigawenga. Ndi flagship chida kulondera ngalawa "Tatarstan" molamulidwa ndi kumbuyo asilikali Igor Osipov. Zombo ndi ziwiya, wa mayunitsi wapadera cholinga - ulemu ndi ulemerero oteteza ndi wachulukitsa ya Caspian flotilla Navy Russia. The zikuchokera osiyanasiyana ake ndi zonse zofunikira monga zotheka: izi zikuphatikizapo ngakhale Hydrographic Service la sitima yapamadzi.

ntchito

Pamwamba chigawo chimodzi cha Navy kuteteza mizere nyanja kulankhulana, Amakweza ndi landings chimakwirira waika minefields ndipo akulimbana ndi ine, amapereka mwayi ndipo analamula wa asilikali sitima zapamadzi, komanso kubwerera ku dera m'munsi. M'madzi omwewo zodabwitsa zosayembekezereka ntchito ndi zolinga chokhala ndi m'madzi, komanso nzeru. Armament Caspian flotilla a Russian Navy ali zotsogola: ballistic ndi sitima mivi. Naval ndege cholinga kutsutsa magulu a zombo pamwamba pa zida ndi bomba kunyanyala ndi mipherezero pa gombe, kubweza kuukira odana sitima mivi ndi ndege mdani, zombo amasonyeza cholinga cha kudziwika sitima zankhondo mdani.

Choncho kutetezera gombe la nyanja Caspian: zapansi panyanja, madoko, kuzika mfundo zofunikira onshore, ndipo akumenyana pa kapangidwe wa landings mpweya nyanja. Caspian flotilla wa Russian yapamadzi, zikuchokera chimene chimafuna khalidwe kuteteza malire athu, osati ndi mtetezi, komanso chikundikakamiza magulu onse ankhondo a dziko lonse, pacifies kuopseza adani ndi dziko lathu, kuteteza mwayokha, ngakhale kupitirira dera dziko - mu mkati ndi Kupititsa madzi, komanso kayendedwe ufulu wa ziwiya pa nyanja ndi nyanja.

mtendere

Kukhazikitsa ndi kusamalira nyumba kuonetsetsa chitetezo cha zinthu m'madzi chuma cha Russian Federation, nchifukwa chake nyanja a padziko lapansi pano ndi panyanja mphamvu Russia. Zosonyeza zombo mbendera ndi zombo panyanja analipira maulendo mfundo akutali a dziko kuthamangitsa zofuna za Russia, ndi anagwiritsanso ndi nawo lalikulu panyanja okhazikitsa mtendere ndi ntchito zothandiza anthu a m'dera lankhondo lonse.

Choncho, mu 2015, ngakhale Caspian flotilla Navy Russia sayendera mfundo kunja kwa Nyanja ya Caspian akhala chiwembu zikwapu twente-sikisi a UKSK mivi zimafika pa mipherezero ya zigawenga zochokera ku Syria, amene bwinobwino anakantha zolinga khumi. Zosiyanasiyana ndi theka makilomita zikwi mosavuta zombo, "Uglich" "Great Ustyug", "Grad Sviyazhsk" ndi "Dagestan" analimbana ndi ntchitoyo.

zida

zombo zonse, kulondera malire athu pa Nyanja ya Caspian, ali ndi kupangidwa mu sitima za dziko: pa Zelenodolsk ndi mafakitale Primorsky, sitima Azov, Astrakhan, Feodosia, Petrozavodsk, komanso matenda a mtima, "Volga", "Gulf", "chikutchedwa 61 Communards", koma kunyada wapadera - chida maboti ndi trawlers ndi mtsinje wa Neva, amene walandira Caspian flotilla Navy Russia. Address: St. Petersburg, Mid-Nevsky doko la zombo zapanyanja. maboti chida okonzeka ndi mwatsatanetsatane sitima mivi "likungosonyeza" omwe amapangidwa mu Yekaterinburg. Pa maziko omwewo a maofesi m'madzi, pamwamba pa madzi mpweya, ndi dziko ofotokoza ndi katundu Mabaibulo. Zida ndi Russia, India ndi China.

Data pa Baibulo katundu ndi mwalamulo aliwerenge, kotero inu mukhoza kunena za uthunthu lenileni la mivi yotereyi. Ndi awiri zana makumi asanu ndi atatu mphambu mazana makilomita. Komabe, mmbuyo mu 2012 panali msonkhano wa Sergei Akleminskogo, wotsatila asilikali, yemwe anali mkulu wa Caspian Flotilla, ndi Pulezidenti wa Dagestan, dera limene mafanizo ena adawomba. S. Akleminsky ananena motsimikiza kuti mu buku la mwatsatanetsatane chida zovuta kralataya ZM14 ( "likungosonyeza") N'zosavuta kugunda mipherezero pa mtunda wa oposa awiri ndi theka makilomita zikwi. Twente-sikisi a zolondola volleys chandamale ku Syria, ndiyeno wina khumi mofanana bwino kuti wotsatila asilikali palibe kusokeretsedwa. Zombo ndi zotengera, amene anali atachititsidwa manyazi - ndi Caspian flotilla Navy Russia, adiresi ake sanasinthe, Nyanja Caspian si kumanzere.

Kodi kugawanitsa ya Caspian

Caspian Sea gombe amagawidwa m'mayiko asanu: Russia, Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan ndi Iran. Kale, pamene Soviet Union, mayiko ntchito kwa nyanja yaikulu kwambiri padziko lonse panali awiri - Soviet Union ndi Iran. Kusintha map ndale kwambiri kusokoneza zinthu. Dera limeneli ndi lofunika kwambiri kwa aliyense m'mayiko amenewa, ndi kwachilengedwenso, mphamvu, ndi chuma ndi nkhokwe yaikulu ya mafuta ndi gasi, komanso nainte wa Nsombazi dziko. Pa mphindi, ndi ya Caspian pakati pa maiko m'mphepete mwa nyanja sitiri ogawanika koma mabacteria zachuma ndi madzi malo. Makonzedwe amenewa zosakhutitsa aliyense wa zipani. Aliyense akufuna mbedza kapena ndi wakuba kuti gawo zambiri. zofuna zathu mu Nyanja ya Caspian kuteteza Caspian flotilla Navy Russia. Photo limasonyeza kuti chitetezo ili ndi mphamvu.

Russian Federation kwa nthawi yaitali kunena kuti Caspian Nyanja anali mtundu wa Nyumba zophatikizana, katundu wamba mayiko onse asanu kumene zochita mgwirizano ndi wina ndi ena. analephera kukwaniritsa luntha, ndi Moscow zasintha malo mwa kupereka kugawanitsa nyanja pamodzi mizere apakatikati, kupitiriza malire pa mtunda ndi nyanja adzakhala makulidwe okwana. Pa gawo anavomera Azerbaijan ndi Kazakhstan. Komabe, Azerbaijan akufuna kulanda osati pansi, koma madzi ndi gawo ake airspace. Iran kwambiri ngati delozh mofanana - lililonse dziko peresenti makumi awiri. Turkmenistan akulimbikira mailosi makumi anai mphambu zisanu ndi ziwiri za mabacteria chidwi zachuma. Mwachidule, mgwirizano panobe. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti mayiko angapo kugona amati ndi madipoziti atangotulukiridwa kumene. Makamaka kuyambira n'zovuta kudzatunga malire a nyanja, kumene madzi - vacillates, ndi gombe zikusintha mawonekedwe ake.

Zimayambitsa mavuto

Onse limati ya Caspian dera akumanga zida ndi kuonjezera nkhondowo mphamvu ya navies awo. Kukula chiwerengero cha zombo ng'oma mzinga, sitima zankhondo akuyembekezeka kuonekera. Kukula zonyoza zimayenda, odana ndi zonyoza zimayenda ndi mbali, komanso machitidwe chida pa gombe, Asilikali ndi mphamvu mpweya. Ichi ndi liu limodzi Akatswiri amanena mu Analytical Center wa malonda a zida zankhondo padziko lonse. Kuwonjezera zida ndi Caspian flotilla Navy Russia: Asilikali, ndege, ntchito zida - onse uwu udzafika kubwezeretsa ndi zina. Ndipo nanga bwanji ngati kuti anansi kuti "chifukwa chiyani?" Russia amalandira yosokoneza kwambiri, ndi kuchuluka ndi khalidwe la Bulu nthawi yomweyo iwo kukula mosalekeza.

Zingasokoneze Nyanja Caspian ndi lalikulu kwambiri, malinga ndi mayiko Caspian. Izi kuzembetsa, mankhwala osokoneza bongo, poaching ndipo, ndithudi, uchigawenga. Kumene, wachina chilichonse mfundo zonsezi zogwirizana kwambiri, makamaka chifukwa ozembetsa ano, anthu opha nyama ndi zambiri zigawenga tsopano okonzeka ndi sayansi atsopano ndi luso. Koma kodi tingatani kuti tizigwiritsa ntchito ndi zombo opha nyama zida ndi sitima zankhondo ndi zokwana nyukiliya paulendowu? Kumene, zida zotere anafuna kuti mdani woopsa. Izi angatanthauze chimodzi chokha chinthu: ndale zotsutsana kuti apange dera lonse ndi mkulu mwamphamvu, zithetsedwe posachedwa.

The mwamphamvu kuchuluka

M'chaka cha 2016 kwambiri chinawonjezeka chiwerengero cha maulendo, yokhudza zombo za Black Sea zombo ndi Caspian Flotilla Russian apanyanja. Astrakhan, umene uli waukulu malo ofotokoza zombo nawo mu chitukuko cha pokonza ndi kukhazikitsa maphunziro olowa ndi utumwi nkhondowo thupi. The zikuchokera magulu mwatsatanetsatane anali osiyana, kunachitika zida zankhondo ndi roketi moto, yokhudza kukwera sitima makumi awiri ndi zombo thandizo.

A mpikisano wa masewera ankhondo mayiko "Nyanja Derby", "kuya" ndi "Nyanja Cup". Zapita zoposa 197.000 kuyendetsa sitima zapamadzi mtunda, ndiko kuti, pa 336 000 makilomita. Nthawi imene anthu oyendetsa nyanja masiku 2300, yemwe ndi chaka kanjedza otsiriza okutidwa kuwirikiza kawiri.

ziphunzitso 2016

chimodzi chokha mu June anasonkhanitsa Caspian masabata awiri. Detachments wa Zombo Zankhondo ndi kuwapatsa zipangizo thandizo anabwera kuchokera ku ulendo wa chapakati ndi kum'mwera m'madera kwa Nyanja ya Caspian. masiku khumi ndi asanu kuchita ntchito Caspian flotilla Navy Russia. Makhachkala ndi Astrakhan muja zapansi awo sitima zapita pafupifupi zikwi ziwiri miles (3,600 kukafika kunyanja njira) ndi zoposa makumi asanu osiyana patsogolo ndipo nkhani zokambirana panyanja.

Kukweza olowa amayendetsera, mogwirizana la zombo kuti gululi ntchito mosiyana chimamangirira. Imachitika zida zankhondo moto pa Zochita wanga chitetezo, mpweya chodzikanira, ndi mpweya thandizo, kufufuza ndi yokonza mipherezero m'madzi ndi mpweya, chimatipangitsa ndege ndi chiwonongeko winanso wa chandamale. Refilling ntchito kusuntha mafuta, lubricants, kubwezeretsa kufufuza powapatsa ziwiya. Ndipo ichi ndi ndawala chabe. chiphunzitso A anapitiriza mu kasupe ndi chilimwe nyengo.

Uthenga wabwino

Kupulumutsidwa tugboat kudzadza Caspian flotilla mu July 2016. SB-738 mwangwiro anaima mayesero boma: zomera mphamvu ntchito molondola, zida navigation ndi machitidwe ena anasonyeza mbali yabwino. Bwinobwino zapita onse kusintha zovuta ndi ulamuliro wa mwadzidzidzi ndi opulumutsa zida, anafufuza, ndipo pamadzi kupeza ntchito pa kuya osiyana kukaona seaworthiness, ulamuliro, zosagwiritsa, bata, inertia pa zinthu zonse akuthamanga.

chombo anatenga gawo mu Zochita panyanja pa cholinga chake chachikulu - kuzimitsa moto pa gombe ndipo mwadzidzidzi makhoti thandizo ochitiridwayo, kuphatikizapo mankhwala ndi kuthawa. makhalidwe onse chotengera ndi kutsimikizira mwa specifications ndi luso. Caspian flotilla ali m'gulu ake chombo umembala umodzi zambiri unit kwa ena awiri, anapanga ntchito chimodzimodzi. Tsopano kumakoka wina adzachotsedwa shoals zombo Nyanja Black awiri - pa Caspian. Komanso kuzimitsa moto, kupereka mphamvu ya magetsi kuthandiza mwadzidzidzi wolimba zombo kuchita ntchito pamadzi, kusonkhanitsa anakhetsa mafuta padziko madzi, ndi kuchita kufufuza kupeza ntchito.