Anthu a ku Russia ku US: ntchito ndi moyo othawa kwawo

Ambiri amagwirizana ndi America ndi moyo wakumwamba ndi wosasangalatsa ndipo amaganiza kuti ngati munthu apatsidwa mpata woti apite kwamuyaya, ndiye kuti adzalandira mphotho yayikulu pamoyo wake. Koma panthaŵi imodzimodziyo, anthu ambiri ochokera kudziko lina anabwerera kwawo, chifukwa sizomveka kuti Russia azikhala ku United States. Asilavo ena omwe abwera kudzafunafuna chinachake chabwino mudziko lino, ndi zovuta kulumikizana ndi moyo wa ku America, pamene ena akunena kuti amamva ku America, monga kunyumba kwawo. Kodi zimakhala bwanji kwa anzathu m'dziko lino lakutari?

Zaka zakusamuka kwachangu

Oyamba a Russia ku United States anawonekera ngakhale pambuyo pa 1917 kusintha, pamene anthu anayamba kuchoka ku Russia ambiri. Kenako mawonekedwe achiwiri oyendayenda anafika mu 1947, makamaka pakati pa akapolo anali akaidi akale a nkhondo ndi mabanja awo komanso oimira Ayuda.

Kumayambiriro kwa zaka zapakati pa makumi asanu ndi anayi zapitazo, kuyendayenda kwasinthika kwakukulu, popeza sikuti iwo okha adapempha kuti atetezeke, koma oimira ambiri a Russian intelligentsia adafuna kukhala nzika za ku America. Pakati pa zaka zachipatala, madokotala omwe ali ndi luso, akatswiri a zomangamanga, akatswiri a sayansi ndi asayansi osiyanasiyana anayesera kuchoka kumalo oyamba a USSR.

Ndi angati "Russian Achimerika"?

Kale mu 2004, ogwira ntchito osayansi oposa zikwi makumi awiri ochokera ku mayiko a CIS anagwira ntchito ku America . Koma chiwerengero cha anthu othawa kwawo chinapitiriza kukula chaka chilichonse. Popeza kuti Russia ku United States amabwera osati kufunafuna ntchito yomwe imafunikira ziyeneretso zapadera, zambiri zimakonzedwa ndi othandizira osiyanasiyana kuti athe kupeza chinthu chabwinoko.

Malingana ndi deta zam'mbuyo, mu 2010, anthu oposa atatu miliyoni a ku America adanena kuti achokera ku Russia. Koma ngati tiwerengera chiwerengero cha anthu olowa m'dzikolo, chiwerengero cha anthu ochokera ku CIS omwe akukhala ku America chidzawonjezeka kwambiri. Choncho, kunena ndendende momwe anthu ambiri a ku Russia amakhalira ku US, palibe amene angathe.

Ndani amakopeka moyo ku America?

Nzika zokonda ufulu zimayesa kulowetsa dziko lino, monga ufulu waumunthu ndi wofunika kwambiri pano. Komanso, omwe amazunzidwa ndi akuluakulu aboma kudziko lawo akufuna kusamukira.

Kuwonjezera apo, anthu ambiri a ku Russia amalonda ndi akatswiri omwe ali ndi ziyeneretso zochepa nthawi zambiri amasamukira ku America, omwe amalandira malipiro aing'onoang'ono pamwezi wawo ku Russia.

Mpaka pano, a Russia ku United States apanga diasporas yawo yambiri. Zaka zoyambirira za kukhalapo kwa anthu ochokera kudziko lina, ndithudi, sizingatchedwe mosavuta. Koma maulamuliro a US akuyesera kutenga nawo mbali pa moyo wa anthu othawa kwawo, ndikuwongolera mapulogalamu apadera othandizira.

Kuwonjezera apo, mu gawo la boma ili pali kampani yomwe imatchedwa "Russian America". Antchito a kampaniyi akuyesera kuti moyo wawo ukhale wosavuta kwa anthu ambiri ochokera ku mayiko a Soviet, kuwathandiza pazinthu zambiri zokhudzana ndi kupeza chilolezo chokhala ndi malo ogulitsa katundu. Ngakhale anthu othawa kwawo angapeze thandizo kuchokera kwa akatswiri a maganizo pa nthawi ya kusintha kwa anthu.

Mbali za kukhala ku United States

Poyang'ana anthu ochulukirapo ochulukirapo kupita ku America, sizowonongeka kwambiri kumeneko. Ngakhale anthu ochokera kudziko la Soviet akukumana ndi mavuto ambiri pakubwera kwawo, ayenera kuphunzira mwambo wosiyana kwambiri ndi chikhalidwe cha moyo m'nthaŵi yochepa kwambiri, kudziŵa bwino maganizo a wina, komanso kuphunzira chinenero china ndi njira zina zoyankhulirana.

Anthu a ku Russia omwe ali ku United States, akulowa m'mayiko a kumadzulo, adzayenera kusintha njira yatsopano ya moyo ndikuphunzira kuti azikhala moyo wosiyana. M'dziko lino, zonse zimachitidwa kuti apange moyo wa nzika zake mosavuta.

Pano, pafupifupi onse amagwiritsa ntchito makadi apulasitiki okha, malo aliwonse ogula zinthu amakhala ndi malo akuluakulu oyendetsa magalimoto, komanso kuti anthu okwera magalimoto amange mizinda yambiri pamsewu. Choncho, zinthu zambiri zomwe nzika iliyonse ya ku America yadziwa kuyambira adakali ana, oyamba ku Russia akuwona nthawi yoyamba. Inde, miyezo iyi ya moyo ndi mwayi waukulu wa America pa mayiko a CIS, chifukwa cha ichi, ndi a Russia ngati akukhala ku USA.

Koma palinso zochepetseratu m'kupita kwina kumeneku, monga kutsogolo kwa mavuto aposachedwa pa "chilumba cha Ufulu" sikuliphweka kupeza ntchito, makamaka kwa anthu omwe alibe maluso abwino.

Nthawi yosintha

Nthaŵi zambiri nzika za ku America zatsopano kumene zikubadwira zimaphatikizapo kuvutika maganizo ndi kudandaula kwawo. Kuwonjezera pa zovuta zonsezi, abwenzi athu amakumana ndi mankhwala olipidwa. M'dziko lino aliyense ali ndi inshuwalansi, ngati popanda ndalama palibe ndalama zokwanira ngakhale kafukufuku wamakono ambiri omwe amafufuza ma laboratory ndi mafukufuku osiyanasiyana, ndipo ntchito zitha kutenga ndalama zoposa madola zikwi zana.

Ndiponso, atayamba kukhala ku United States, munthu wa ku Russia ayenera kukonzekera kutenga ngongole nthawi zonse, popeza popanda iwo wamba wamba sangathe kukhala pano. Choncho, kusintha kotereku kumapweteka ndipo kumapangitsa kuti munthu asamve bwino. Kuti apulumuke nthawiyi, ambiri akulangizidwa kuti azikhala kumadera ena a ku America kumene ambiri ochokera ku mayiko a CIS amakhala.

Amakhala kuti?

Kotero, mu dziko liti la United States ndi bwino kukhala Chirasha? Anthu okhala ku Russia akuyesetsa kukhazikika ku South ndi Central Atlantic, komanso kum'mwera chakum'maŵa ndi pakatikati mwa dzikolo.

Chiŵerengero chachikulu cha anthu omwe achoka kudzikoli chimakhala makamaka ku New York, Maryland, North Dakota, Ohio, Pennsylvania, California ndi New Jersey. Komanso, anthu ambiri a ku Russia amakhala m'madera a Bergen, Chicago, Brooklyn, Boston, Bronx, Seattle ndi Miami.

Ntchito

Okhazikika amasankha izi, chifukwa m'madera awo muli ntchito ku US kwa a Russia. Koma muyenera kuganizira kuti ngati munthu alibe chidziwitso choyenera, ndiye kuti angangoganizira chabe malo omwe amatsutsa anthu ofuna ntchito ku America ndi malipiro a madola asanu kapena asanu ndi awiri pa ora.

Makamaka, olemba am'deralo amapereka anthu ochokera ku mayiko a Soviet kuti azigwira ntchito maola makumi anai pa sabata ndikuonetsetsa kuti munthuyo alibe vuto lililonse, zomwe zimadabwitsa kwambiri anthu a ku Russia. Izi ndi chifukwa chakuti nthawi yowonjezera ku America imalipidwa 1.5 nthawi zina. Motero, munthu wosamukira kunja amene alibe luso lapaderadera, akhoza kulandira malipiro a mlungu umodzi wa madola mazana atatu.

Mbali za ntchito

Pamene wogwira ntchito ku America atenga munthu wochokera kudziko lina, amayamba kuganizira momwe amalankhulira Chingelezi. Kuphatikiza apo, nthawi zambiri amapereka udindo wotero, womwe umaganizira kuphatikizapo maudindo angapo nthawi yomweyo.

Momwemo makampani ndi mabungwe onse a ku America, malipiro amaperekedwa kamodzi pa sabata ndipo amaperekedwa kwa wogwira ntchitoyo ndi cheke, yomwe ingasinthidwe mosavuta kwa ngongole mu banki iliyonse.

Ndi malo ati omwe ndingapeze?

Ndi ochepa omwe angakhale ndi malo apamwamba ku United States. Njira iyi imapezeka kwa anthu omwe akubwera kuno pakhomo la abwana, kapena omwe amaphunzira pano. Otsala onsewo, kuti apeze ntchito ya ntchito yabwino, adzalandira dipatimenti ndi ma dipatimenti osiyanasiyana omwe adzawathandize kupeza malo abwino, komanso kuthetsa kufunika kogwira ntchito kwa alonda kapena osamalira ndalama.

Kuonjezera apo, ku United States mungathe kupeza chotsuka chotsuka m'sitilanti, wothandizira munthu wopereka chakudya, mzimayi, wogulitsa katundu, wogulitsa ndi malo ena omwe sakhala ndi mwayi wapadera.

Kulembetsa visa

Kuwonjezera pa zovuta zonse kupeza ntchito, munthu wochokera kunja akuyenerabe kugonjetsa ndondomeko yovuta ya boma la US visa, popeza anthu olowa m'dziko la United States sangathe kupeza ntchito yabwino.

Wopemphayo adzayenera kudutsa muzochitika zosiyanasiyana ndikusonkhanitsa zikalata zambiri. Pambuyo pa munthu ameneyu, yemwe akufuna kupita ku America kuti akakhalemo kosatha, amayembekezera kuyankhulana molimbika, pomwe adzawululidwa - ngati angakhale mdziko la United States.

Kuyesa mapeto ndi zonse zomwe tafotokozazi, sangathe kupereka yankho lachidziwitso ku funso lakuti: "Kodi anthu a ku Russia amakhala bwanji ku US?" Ndiwo okha amene angakwanitse kupitako nthawiyo ndikuyesa mokwanira kuyesa mayesero onse a zaka zoyambirira za othawa kwawo akhoza kupambana m'dziko lino.