Boris Feoktistovich Safonov, ndi Soviet womenya woyendetsa: yonena, mphoto, chikumbukiro

Boris Feoktistovich Safonov - ndi otchuka kwambiri Soviet Union womenya woyendetsa. Kumayambiriro a nkhondo (1941-1942 biennium). Iye anapanga utumwi moona lodziwika bwino nkhondo. Nzosadabwitsa Safonov - woyamba kawiri Hero wa Soviet Union, yapindula izo apamwamba ntchito ya ntchito za lamulo.

Iwo anali munthu wapadera kwambiri. Izo mwangwiro pamodzi ndi luso la womenya Kuyankha, kukoma mtima ndi luso kwambiri kwa gulu. Boris Feoktistovich Safonov anali wamanyazi ndi wodzichepetsa mu chirengedwe. Iye sankalankhula modzitukumula za zipambano lake pogwiritsa ntchito mawu okha monga "sitinatenga pansi", "ife anali akuwuluka." Komanso, ambiri a iwo anawonongedwa mdani ndege Safonov amatamanda nkhani za comrades wake, monga kuwina sanali mapeto palokha iye.

yonena

Tula Province, ndi Siniavino mudzi - malo mzinda anabadwa 08/26/1915 Boris Safonov. Bambo ndi mayi a ngwazi za tsogolo wamba wamba.

Titamaliza ulemu ku sukulu zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri, Boris analembetsa ku sukulu (sukulu ya kuphunzitsa fakitale). Sukulu imeneyi imaphunzitsa akatswiri amene mukudziwa bizinesi sitima. Sukuluyi, munthu chibatizidwireni ya Young League Communist.

Boris Safonov, amene yonena ankaona zachilendo kwa msinkhu wake, mwina kukhala railwayman. Komabe, Leninsky Komsomol, womwe iye anali, analengeza zothandizira mipingo yawo lake la ndegeyo. Ndiyeno amuna ndi akazi achinyamata anathamangira kumwamba. Mmodzi mwa iwo anali Boris Feoktistovich Safonov. Iye anadzakhala membala wa bwalo, bungwe pa sukulu Osoviahima, anadzakhala Tula ukuuluka club. Ndi apa kuti tsogolo asilikali woyendetsa Safonov anagula khalidwe ndikofunikira kwambiri kwa katswiri woyendetsa. Izi azidzidalira ndi chodzidalira, chilango ndiponso kupirira.

Kenako, mnyamata bwinobwino zapita kufufuza mankhwala ndipo anayamba kuphunzira woyendetsa mu kuwuluka kalabu ya Tula. Iye wakhala ankaphunzira mwakhama chiphunzitso cha maphunziro pansi. Ngakhale asanagone, kale mu bedi, Boris maganizo pa akuwakumbukira tsatanetsatane wa lakutsogolo, limene lili mu ndege kutsogolo woyendetsa sitima. Kotero iye anakonza nzeru zawo wabweza m'kalasi. Lotsatira anali payekha ndege imene Safonov anasonyeza talente yake kwambiri.

m'chigawo Tula - malo anabadwa, anakula ndi kuphunzira chofukizira tsogolo la lamulo, linasiyidwa mu August 1933 Izi zinachitika bwinobwino munthu zouluka club pamene Boris motsogozedwa lamulo anali mu Kacha. Apa kuphunzitsa oyendetsa asilikali.

Phunziro Kachin sukulu

Pa kukhala bungwe ili Boris Safonov ankaphunzira ntchito za upamwamba wa Marxism-Leninism. Ichi chinali chinthu koyamba mu pokonzekera kugwirizana Party Communist.

Pa maphunziro ake Kachin sukulu ali ndi zaka naintini, Safonov anakhala womenya woyendetsa. Pa nthawi yomweyo iye amasonyeza luso kwambiri pa kuwomba mu mlengalenga, mu piloting ndi kudziwa zinthu, loyenera la amalanga onsewa zipsera apamwamba. The umboni wolembedwa mu zaka izi, alangizi ananena kuti Safonov ali ayankhe mofulumira, mwamsanga-witted ndi ndalama mu mlengalenga, kuwonjezera chinali ndi digiri yake mwachilungamo mkulu wa nzeru.

Chibelarusi usilikali District

Mu December 1934, Boris Safonov anatumizidwa kupititsa patsogolo utumiki wake malo a ndimeyi. Iwo anakhala chigawo asilikali Belarussian, ndipo makamaka Aviation 40 Brigade. Pa nthawi imeneyo, Soviet Air Force ndege yatsopano Atengedwa. Iwo anali I-15 ndi Ine 16 ndi Ine 153. Boris nsangala anaphunzira makina atsopano anazimiririka kwa maola mu laibulale. Kale mu Kuchiyambi kwa chilimwe cha 1936 anaonekera mu ndege Soviet Army akhala bwino kuphunzira Safonov. Womenya woyendetsa ngakhale atulukira njira zake za nkhondo, umene pambuyo pake lasonyeza mapulaneti zinalengedwa zaka nkhondo.

Mu 1937, Boris Safonov anali Feoktistovich anatengera phungu membala wa Party Communist. Pa nthawi yomweyo, iye amakhala mlembi wa bungwe Komsomol.

Mu 1938 anapanga lakhumi Aviation Regiment. Boris Safonov anakhala izo Wachiwiri mkulu wa Komsomol.

Mu December 1939, pa wailesi zinkamveka lipoti za nkhondoyo, umene unayamba pa malire a Soviet Union ndi Finland. Asilikali woyendetsa Safonov yomweyo mlanduwu lipoti kumufotokozera chilakolako chake kulembetsa womenya squadron, kupita kumpoto. Chonde Borisa Feoktistovicha anali wokhutitsidwa.

ntchito mlangizi

Mu North ndi, Boris anachita chidwi m'mbiri ya panyanja ndege, amene anatsimikiza ntchito pambuyo pake. Komanso, airmanship Safonov, kulinganiza luntha ndi luso kuphunzitsa ali zinaonedwa. Choyamba mkulu anasankhidwa mkulu wa maphunziro squadron. Kukhala kwambiri m'madzi womenya woyendetsa, Safonov anakhala okhwima ndi mtima mphunzitsi. Iye akukonzekera atsopano kwa eventualities onse amene anali kukumana nkhondo yeniyeni.

nkhondo yoyamba

Nkhondo ndi Nazi Germany, Boris Safonov - womenya woyendetsa - unayamba pa ndege I-16. 22.06.1941 Kale, anapanga nkhondowo wake woyamba ntchito pa nsomba chilumba. Pamodzi ndi V. Volovnikovym iwo anaukira yoponya mabomba Iye 111. Moto Soviet oyendetsa kumenyana malingana ngati iwo siutha a zipolopolo. Komabe, odzitukumula German ndege akadali anatha mitambo.

oyamba kugonjetsedwa

Patangotha masiku awiri pambuyo chiyambi cha nkhondo ndi Anazi Safonov anaulukira kwa ine-16 lake kukakumana ndi German reconnaissance Yehu 87. Patapita kuwathamangitsa yaitali ndege mdani anaukiridwa. Poyamba, Safonov anaphedwa ndi mivi ndi galimoto wosweka. Kenako woyendetsa Soviet ntchito mzere wautali kudula ndege mchira. The makina mdani zinagwa Bay Zelentsy kumene zidutswa za anali anatola ndi bwato anabwera. ndege uyu ndiye woyamba wa downed mu mlengalenga kumpoto.

Chigonjetso wachiwiri anali Safonov 06/27/1941 mzinda anagwa pansi kulukana pamodzi ndi anzake German ndege HS 126, zomwe infantrymen kenako Soviet amatchedwa "crutch."

Pa chiyambi cha nkhondo zinali nkhondo mpweya kulimbikira pa dziko Kola. The Germany anagwiritsa ntchito tsiku kumalo ozizira pamene dzuwa masana ndi usiku ataima pafupi. Mdani ndege yagawidwa mayunitsi lalikulu, anapanga kuukira zombo Soviet apanyanja. chiwerengero cha omenyana athu anali ochepa, choncho oyendetsa apanyanja anafunika tsiku 6-7 sorties. Ndi aliyense kukumana ndi mdani ndege Boris Safonov bwino machenjerero, kutsogolera melee. Pa nthawi yomweyo iye anaphunzira zothekera zonse za magalimoto German, kumenyana pa mayiko athu kumpoto.

List kugonjetsedwa mpweya Safonov kwambiri mwakulitsa miyezi iwiri yotsatira. Inali pa nthawi iyi Germany unatengedwa anawazunza chachikulu pa doko la kumpoto kwa Murmansk ndi airfields Soviet.

Popeza July 7, "naini" Ine-16, mutu umene unali Safonov, yokutidwa m'madzi kumalo ozizira m'munsi. Pa nthawi iyi mu mlengalenga pa m'dera kulondera iwo panali gulu la ndege German Yehu 87, amene anali limodzi ndi omenyana mdani Ine-109. Ine ndiri mu dogfight a. ndege German zinaukilidwa oyendetsa Soviet amene anawomberedwa pansi ndege mdani zisanu ndi ziwiri. Athu "naini" wabwerera m'munsi pa mphamvu zonse.

Potumiza mutu wina

Kale July 10, 1941, Boris Safonov anakhala mkulu. Kuwonjezera pa ntchito ya udindo wotsatira wolimba woyendetsa anasankhidwa mkulu wa ndege squadron ozimitsa. Msilikali anapatsidwanso galimoto latsopano I-16 mtundu 17, adali ndi siriyo chiwerengero 28213-95. fuselage ake Safonov analemba "Imfa kuti Fascism!".

Boris Feoktistovich mosamalitsa chokonzera ntchito yonse nkhondowo mlengalenga. Iyeyo kuwunika ndege wanu, nthawi iliyonse kupezeka pamene nawuza zipolopolo, komanso kuona ndi zipolopolo, umene unali wodzala tepi. Ndiyeno pa Ine-16 Safonov anapanga 109 sorties, imene anawomberedwa pansi 17 omenyana mdani ndi zoponya mabomba. Pa nthawi yonse ya Nkhondo m'nthawi yake galimoto atatu, kuika Motors latsopano. Lero, ndege iyi ndi imodzi mwa zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho wa Leningrad Naval Museum.

July 14, 1941 Safonov anali kupereka dongosolo la Red mbendela. Unachitikira tsiku limenelo dogfight anawonjezera kuti mndandanda wa kunkhondo anatsitsidwa zoponya mabomba mdani awiri. July 27 iwo anaphedwa awiri zambiri madzi-zoponya mabomba a dziko la Germany, ndipo pa August 8 - Ine-109 womenya. Pakutha kwa nkhondo yoyamba ya chilimwe mu mndandanda panokha Safonov downed ndege anali khumi makina mdani.

nkhondoyo m'dzinja

apogee ake Nkhondo mu North anafikira mu September 1941. Iyi ndi nthawi pamene dziko la Germany atenga miyeso zikuluzikulu kuswa chitetezo wa asilikali Soviet. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, anatitumiza ku North ndege awo ku amadzibisa onse. Mdani magalimoto anali mosalekeza pa zapamwamba wathu, kuchita nkhondo ndi omenyana Soviet.

Pa kumenyanako, Boris Safonov ntchito ngati njira chodzikanira ndi njira aukali, kwenikweni yochititsa mdani. Nthawi zina atsanzira nyamazo, ndipo pamene woyendetsa German mokondwera mukondwerera chigonjetso mwakututumusa decelerated ndipo anakhalabe pa mchira wa mdani kukhumudwa.

Pankhondo iliyonse Safonov wolemekezeka thandizo mwagwirizana ndi chithandizo mangawawo. Ichi chinali ulamuliro waukulu wa Ace Soviet. Yosalekerera moyo wake, woyendetsa anali mofulumira kuthandiza comrades. Choncho, munthu ndewu monga junior mkulu Maximovich anali anaukira ndi Yehu 88 zoponya mabomba. Potengera nkhondo, iye sanadziwe kuti chimaoneka kuseri kwa Ine-109. Safonov yomweyo anathamangira kupulumutsa ndi comrade, ngakhale kuti ndi nthawi ino anauponya zida zake zonse. Woyendetsa German anachita mantha kuukira kwambiri ndipo anasiya nkhondo.

Kulimbika ndi kulimba anapatsidwa Borisa Safonova lamulo. September 16, 1941 wolimba woyendetsa anali kupereka mutu Hero wa Soviet Union. Ndi nthawi imene lamulo linaperekedwa, chifukwa Safonov anali kale chidwi mndandanda wa kupambana mlengalenga.

duel munthu

M'masiku amenewo ya nyundo 1941 Safonov anawonongedwa ndi wotchuka German Ace. "Messer" ndi woyendetsa, amene anafaniziridwa fuselage wofiira galu atagwira mano Chervonozorianyi womenya, zimachitika pa kuukira pa Regiment lapansi. Mdani anali modzikuza, koma kupewa nkhondo lotseguka. Safonov ndinalota kukumana ndi lopondereza, ndi kamodzi mlandu unaperekedwa kwa iye. Soviet woyendetsa molimba mtima oletsa pankhondo ya mdani, amene mwaluso anasankha malo yabwino kwa iye ndi kuchita aerobatics zovuta. Komabe, pambuyo angapo mchira mphindi "Messer" Safonov anayamba wake "Mphamba" ndipo pambuyo chofuna lalifupi anapanga ochepa bursts m'thupi. galimoto mdani zinagwira moto ndi miyala anagwa pansi. Woyendetsa German anasiya galimoto moto ndipo tidakocheza ndi parachuti mwachindunji pa udindo wa gunners wathu. Mzinda asilikali Soviet mdani sanali wina kuposa wotchuka Willie Frengerom. Chifukwa cha odziwa German Ace anali sorties asanu ndi ndege sate-sikisi anawomberedwa pansi pa English Channel, amene anali kupereka ndi mkulu wa asilikali ake awiri Iron Cross.

oikidwa atsopano

October 24, 1941 Safonov analandira mwatsatanetsatane kuti asonkhanitse oyendetsa bwino mu 78th Wankhondo Aviation Regiment ndipo ndiliyesa. Boris Feoktistovich ndinapatsidwa ntchito yatsopano. The armament wa Regiment latsopano inkakhala twente-seveni, "zamkuntho" - magalimoto amene anadutsa oyendetsa Soviet Air Force British. Njira imene sanali latsopano ndi ambiri a iwo amafuna kukonza. Komanso, ndege British anaganiza rearm. Pa njira imene Safonov nambveka anayi mfuti makina katundu awiri amene posakhalitsa m'malo ndi mfuti. Chinachake kenako, ndege pansi makina anaikidwa zida chiwongolero kwa maroketi.

Monga mkulu wa 78th Aviation Regiment, Boris Safonov anasonyeza luso lalikulu gulu, ndi luso kuphunzitsa atumiki. Chifukwa cha kuphunzira awa anali kupereka mutu wa wina - Major.

Boris Safonov anapitiriza kuchita utumwi nkhondowo, anawomberedwa pansi ndi kuwonjezeka makina mdani wawo. December 22, 1941 anali kupereka yachiwiri Order ya Red mbendela, ndipo January 22, 1942 - wachitatu.

Commander ya 78th Regiment la Aviation Safonov anali yochepa. March 20, 1942 anawaika pa mutu wa 2 alonda. Mu ichi wolimba woyendetsa mpweya Regiment anayamba nkhondo. Safonov anapitiriza kuwonjezera pa mndandanda wa kupambana kwawo nkhondo. Nthawi imeneyi, mkanjo wake anaonekera mphoto ziwiri kwambiri. Izi ndi Star Gold wa Hero ndi British mphoto - ndi Order "Di-EF-Si".

Nkhondo yomaliza

Likupita 2 alonda Regiment, alonda msilikali Safonov nthawi yambiri ndiponso khama anapereka utsogoleri. Mogwirizana ndi zimenezi m'chilimwe anakhala zochepa, koma pafupifupi nkhondo kusunga mndandanda kuthamanga kwa kunkhondo.

Mu 1942 ndi cholinga watsopano Regiment wake. Kuwonjezera pa doko la Murmansk silikhali oyendetsa ankayenera kutchinga anagwirizana convoys asilikali m'dera la kumpoto zombo. Mu ntchito iyi, ndipo anafa wotchuka Soviet woyendetsa. sortie wake wotsiriza anapanga May 30, 1942, kukwera mu mlengalenga kuphimba paulendo wopita ku Murmansk convoy lankhondo.

Safonov anali anai kutsogolera makina Soviet. Komabe, mmodzi wa iwo chifukwa walephera injini anabwerako. Atatu oyendetsa Soviet ndewu ndi zoponya mabomba mdani asanu, popeza atapita mdani mu vuto othamanga. Mu chisokonezo kuti zayamba pa nkhondo, unit unatha. More Boris Safonov sanaone.

Place imfa kwa katswiri wolimba mu Nyanja Barents angapezeke pa mapu. Ndi madigiri 69 masekondi 51 kumpoto kumpoto ndi madigiri 64 longitude masekondi 42 kum'mawa. Iye anaphedwa mu nkhondo ndi wosiyana ndi Anazi, pamene kuwombera pansi ndege. Air Force anataya Ace panyanja ndege, chifukwa cha zomwe, mu May 1942 panali 25 downed makina mdani.

chifukwa cha imfa ya Boris Safonov chiyani? Yankho la funso limeneli ukadali kumeneko. Malinga ndi Baibulo lina, sanathe kulimbana ndi vuto mwadzidzidzi mmodzi wa "Junkers" ndipo ena - anagwa chifukwa cha injini kulephera. Yotsirizira ya mfundo ziwirizi Mosakayika.

chikumbukiro

Asilikali Inagwira Borisa Feoktistovicha Safonova anasonyeza osati ndege awo downed mdani. Mkulu Soviet wapanga chopereka chachikulu kuti apange ndege ya kumpoto zombo. Motsogozedwa wake, chidwi nkhondowo zinachitikira wabweza ambiri oyendetsa amene analandiranso mutu wa Hero wa Soviet Union.

Dzina woyendetsa Severomorsk iyiwalika lero. Chipilala Borisu Safonovu anaika mu Severomorsk, Murmansk ndi Plavsk. Pali kugwira ya ngwazi m'mudzi pafupi Vologda Fedotovo ili uko mu asilikali ankhondo.

Dzina la wolimba woyendetsa dzina lake m'mudzi Safonovo Murmansk dera. M'mudzi uno Air Force Museum anatsegula kumpoto zombo, kutsogolo kwa amene unagwa Avenue wa Zimphona. Apa, busts ndi makumi asanu ndi zitatu kumpoto zombo ndege, amene anapatsidwa udindo Hero wa Soviet Union, Pakati pali kugwira B. F. Safonovu.