Biscuit: mitundu, maphikidwe, zizindikiro ndi njira kukonzekera

Chinkhupule mkate ndi mchere zochokera ufa (zambiri tirigu), shuga, ndi mazira, nthawi zina ndi ufa kuphika. Iye ali olimba koma bwino porous dongosolo, mofanana ndi chinkhupule nyanja. Biscuit akhoza kuwapeza ndi naomba madzi kapena yaikulu.

A keke kukonzekera ntchito njira ya naomba kudziwika monga zamunthawi ya Victoria biscuit wa pooti kukwapulidwa - chinkhupule ngati keke. Mitundu biscuit amene amasiyana ndi mnzake kwambiri, makamaka ambiri ku Ulaya ndipo ambiri mu Mikate Yapamwamba Italy. mchere ichi poyamba anapanga m'zaka za m'ma 14, ndipo dzina pano chifukwa cha confectioner Italy Giovanni Battista Carbone. Padziko pakati pa chakudya chokoma m'ma 16 ankatchedwa "biscuit".

Kumasiyana Motani ndi Njira

Biscuit ndi imodzi mwa mitundu loyamba sanali yisiti mtanda kuphika. Chinsinsi oyambirira kwa mkate uwu angapezeke mu English m'buku la wolemba ndakatulo Gervase Markham mu 1615. njira mchere kuphika ali m'gulu limodzi la maluso ayenera eni wapakhomo wabwino. Komabe, osiyanasiyana biscuit yafotokozedwa mu nthawi yomweyo zina European. Mwachitsanzo, mu Spain icho chinali kutchedwa "lokoma mkate", panali maudindo angapo dera, ndi zina zotero mu Italy. D.

Njira lokonzekera

Biscuit, mitundu omwe lero ndi osiyanasiyana, ndipo ali Chinsinsi tingachipeze powerenga. Lidalembedwa mazira, shuga ndi ufa. Kuti akonze izo, choyamba muyenera kumenya mazira bwino ndi kusakaniza ndi shuga. Childs, kusanganikirana amapezeka pamaso mankhwala mpaka kuunika, ndipo sakudza kupanga misa homogeneous. Ndiye mosamala anasefa ufa ndi anawonjezera pang'onopang'ono (malingana Chinsinsi, tingathe wothira pang'ono ufa kuphika). Chifukwa lero pali mitundu yambiri ya masikono, kuphika zikuphatikizapo umisiri osiyana.

Choncho, yolks triturated ndi shuga makamaka pamene mapuloteni kukwapulidwa payokha mu thovu mtundu Meringue kenako angongole pamodzi. The osakaniza chifukwa anali ndiye anatsanulira mu nkhungu ndi anaphika. Kaya njira yokonza, ndi kofunika kupitiriza mpweya mazira pamene kukwapula ndi kusakaniza ndi mankhwala ena. Uyamiko kwa Iye, likukhalira kuwala kwambiri ndi airy mtanda. Pa nthawi yomweyo N'zosavuta kutaya mpweya anasonkhanitsa, pamene kutenga mkate mu uvuni Musanazigwiritse kwathunthu.

Mpaka ndiye, mpaka mtanda chazirala pambuyo kuphika, ndi kusintha ndithu. Iwo limakupatsani kulenga kwa izo zosiyanasiyana masikono. A Chinsinsi tingachipeze powerenga amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kwa ndiwo zochuluka mchere ambiri. Komabe, mitundu ya masikono mikate kwa ambiri. Choncho, otchuka "mngelo" lomwe amagwiritsa dzira azungu okha, ndipo ena Belgium waffle Baibulo, kumene dzira azungu ku yolks olekanitsidwa ndi anawonjezera kuti naomba pa mapeto a kuphika.

Modern biscuit: Mitundu

Mitundu zotsatirazi zingathe kudziŵika chiyeso chotere, amene anakumana yokonza chofufumitsa ndi zakudya zina:

• Classic - Chinsinsi anapatsidwa pamwamba. M'malo wowuma ufa angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuyesa chimwambo kwambiri.
• Mafuta - pamene kuphika mazira kukwapulidwa ndi batala ndi shuga, ndiye kuwonjezera ufa.
• Bafuta - anawonjezera mu yokonza mafuta ndi mapuloteni ndi dzira yolks anasiyanitsidwa.
• Nutty, kapena dakuaz - gawo la kuyesedwa ndizo mitundu iwiri ya ufa, tirigu ndi mtedza, kawirikawiri ndalama ofanana.

Mitundu ya masikono chokoleti akhoza kukhala aliyense, chifukwa aliyense wa mitundu pamwamba mayesero angathe wodzilemekeza ndi koko. A mtundu uliwonse wa chinkhupule mkate anakonza maswiti, akhala ambiri padziko lonse. Ena mwa iwo ayenera kuonedwa payokha. Mitundu ya masikono, maphikidwe amene alandira kuzindikira lonse, zosavuta kuphika. ndi mitundu zimenezi?

Zamunthawi ya Victoria chinkhupule keke

Zamunthawi ya Victoria chinkhupule mkate unatchedwa Mfumukazi Victoria, amene ankakonda pamper nokha ndi chidutswa cha mkate ndi madzulo tiyi wanu. azichitira izi zimagawidwa monga mafuta mkate, chifukwa yokonza chisakanizo cha masamba mafuta ndi batala.

Chitsanzo zamunthawi ya Victoria mkate tichipeza awiri mikate chinkhupule anaphonya rasipiberi kupanikizana ndi kukwapulidwa kirimu kapena vanila kirimu. Kumtunda amachitira ambiri ndi uncoated kapena chokongoletsedwa owazidwa ufa shuga.

Zamunthawi ya Victoria chinkhupule angathe kukonzekera ndi imodzi mwa njira ziwiri. The njira miyambo kumafuna kusakaniza ufa shuga ndi mafuta, kukwapula kusakaniza bwinobwino ndi mazira ndiyeno kuwonjezera ufa ndi ufa kuphika mu kusakaniza. The njira yamakono ya ntchito chosakanizira magetsi kapena purosesa chakudya, choncho onse zosakaniza akuwonjezeka imodzi ndipo nthawi yomweyo kukwapulidwa mpaka misa fluffy. Chifukwa inapita patsogolo kwambiri ndondomeko kukonza biscuit zanzeru tsopano ntchito yokonzekera zosiyanasiyana maphikidwe, osati kwa mkate zamunthawi ya Victoria.

mngelo mkate chakudya

Mitundu ina ya chakudya chokoma chimenechi zosiyanasiyana. Izi mtanda wofatsa ntchito yokonza mkate ndi zipatso kudzazidwa, ayisikilimu kapena kirimu. Iwo angathe kutumikira monga kutentha kapena kuzizira, ndipo kawirikawiri anapereka ndi khofi kapena tiyi. Ndiphike mkatewo, mungathe kunyumba. Muyenera:

• 1.5 makapu a azungu dzira (12 mazira lalikulu);
• 1 chikho kuphatikiza supuni imodzi (240 g) wa anasefa ufa;
• A 1 ^_1/3 makapu (270 g) a shuga;
• 1/4 supuni mchere;
• Supuni 1 vanila Tingafinye;
• 0.5 teaspoons amondi Tingafinye.

Kodi kupanga mngelo mkate chakudya?

Osiyana mapuloteni dzira ndi kuda mu chingwe chikho madzi. Muyenera kupeza ndi makapu 1.5 mankhwala koyera. Izi zimafuna pafupifupi 12 mazira lalikulu.

Preheat uvuni mpaka 180 ºC. Asiyanitse ufa pamaso kuyeza kuchuluka kwake. Kuwonjezera theka la shuga mu ufa ndi kupeta kachiwiri.

Whisk dzira azungu mu mphika waukulu, kuwonjezera mchere, kamodzi iwo foamed. Pitirizani kumenyedwa. Kamodzi mankhwala amayamba nsonga zofewa, kuwonjezera shuga otsala ndi akupanga. Whisk kupanga nsonga ouma.

Gwiritsani ntchito spatula, mokoma ikani ufa kusakaniza ndi shuga anamenyedwa dzira azungu ndi kusakaniza magulu kudya kuchokera pamwamba pansi. Muyenera kupeza naomba ofanana wowawasa kirimu. Nkofunika kuti mugwirane mwa thovu lake mpweya.

Thirani naomba mu kuphika mbale ndi kuika kuphika yomweyo. Biscuit adzakhala okonzeka mu maminiti 45. Pamene inu tinyamuke mchere kuchokera uvuni, pomwepo kukokera ku nkhungu. Mitundu biscuit creams angakhale osiyana, koma mu nkhani iyi ndi bwino ntchito yolks otsala kupanga custard.

biscuit dakuaz

Mukhoza tisangalatse alendo, kuphika mkate ndi mtedza biscuit dakuaz. Kodi muyenera?

Amasakaniza ndi mkate chinkhupule:

• magalamu 250 hazelnuts wokazinga;
• magalamu 300 a ufa shuga;
• magalamu 25 wowuma chimanga;
• 6 lalikulu dzira azungu;
• uzitsine mchere.

Kodi kuphika mkate?

Preheat uvuni mpaka 180 ° C. Pindani hazelnuts mu mbale wa purosesa chakudya ndi kuwaza. Ikani mtedza mu saucepan ndi kuphika kwa mphindi 10-12 kapena mpaka golide bulauni, oyambitsa pa mphindi zitatu.

Chotsani hazelnuts kuchokera uvuni, kusamutsa kwa mphika waukulu ndi kusiya kwa kuziziritsa. Ndiye kusakaniza ndi magalamu 100 a ufa shuga ndi cornstarch.

M'munsi uvuni kutentha 150 ° C. Phimbani atatu kuphika zikopa pepala ndi ntchito mbale zing'onozing'ono monga mfundo limanena, jambulani chozungulira china ndi awiri a masentimita 21 wina. Patulani. Mosamala ikani pachithandara mu chapamwamba, pakati ndi kutsikira magawo uvuni.

Kupanga Meringue wa dzira azungu. Pakuti ichi iwo kuwonjezera mchere ndi kugunda pa liwiro sing'anga kwa pafupi maminiti awiri. Kuonjezera liwiro ndi kuika otsala magalamu 200 a ufa shuga, supuni imodzi pa nthawi. Izi ndi zofunika kuti ouma wandiweyani Meringue. Mosamala kuwonjezera hazelnuts pansi.

Ikani Meringue pa kuphika pepala, kufalitsa ndi supuni mu mawonekedwe a magulu metered. Kuphika kwa ola limodzi, ndi interchanging chapamwamba ndipo m'munsi trays pakati pa ndondomeko kuphika. Zimitsani uvuni ndi kusiya kwa kuziziritsa mikate, koma ndi chitseko. Pamafunika za 45 Mphindi. Pambuyo pake, atamaliza zingawakhumudwitse mukhoza promazyvat kirimu iliyonse.