Kumalo ozizira Urals: location, zimachititsa chilumbachi, mmene chilengedwe, makampani

Mbali kumpoto kwenikweni kwa ang'ono koma kwabasi mapiri Ural kumpoto kwa Europe ndi ku Asia ali ndi dzina - ndi kumalo ozizira Urals. m'dera Natural limabweretsa zigawo ziwiri Russia - Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District ndi Komi Republic. Nyengo wouma mtima ndi kukongola kwa mitunda kumpoto malo wapadera. Ndi kwa mzerewu akudutsa notional malire pakati pa Asia ndi Ulaya.

General maonekedwe a m'dera

The malire pakati pa mfundo ukadinala, imatengedwa mwamwayi akudutsa ndendende pakati pa zigawo ziwiri za dziko anatchula pamwamba, motsatira kumene ndi okulira pa lokwera umene umawalekanitsa Pechora beseni kumadzulo kwa ob Mtsinje kummawa. nsonga Phiri zambiri pa msinkhu wa mamita 800-1200, ena pang'ono apamwamba Mwachitsanzo, phiri la samalipira - 1500 m.

Kumpoto kwa kumalo ozizira Urals ali mbali khalidwe la mpumulo. A kwambiri kung'ambika magulu ndi zitunda yopingasa, zigwa pafupi kudzera msinkhu waung'ono akudutsa (200-250 m) mwa okulira chachikulu. Mu chimodzi malo awa chimafikira alipo nthambi transpolar khwalala.

mbali mpumulo

Kumalo ozizira Ural dera, komanso onse a Ural Mountains, kupangidwa mu lothandiza wa Hercynian kungomanga zaka zoposa 250 miliyoni zapitazo. Kuchokera nthawi imeneyo, malo bwinobwino ali ndi maziko khola la mbale Eurasian, ndi sanasoŵerepotu okwera kwambiri.

Kutalika kanthu osefukira, kuphatikizapo oundana, anatsimikiza kuti tsopano kodi mpumulo Ural Severny, Ural kumalo ozizira ndi lonse mapiri a dzina lomweli. Iwo amakhala ndi zigwa ndi yotakata ndipo kwambiri ndi nyumba lililonse: ufa, ngolo. Pali zambiri matendawa,, makamaka thermokarst, ena amene ali odzazidwa ndi madzi natembenukira m'nyanja.

Pakuti kumalo ozizira Urals amakhala ndi kulekana kwa chigwa cha mtsinje akuusamoyo pawiri, zomwe amasiyana dongosolo miyala. Mu gawo kumpoto m'dera phiri m'lifupi ukufika ku 125 Km, izo kwambiri kuligaŵa ndi zigwa yopingasa ndipo ali otsika okwera akudutsa - 200-250 mamita pamwamba pa nyanja. Koma kumadzulo otsetsereka steeper. izo itsekeke pang'ono kum'mwera kokha 25-30 Km m'lifupi ndi mipita kwa 500 m, ndi zina - kwa 1500 m.

nyengo

Monga amadziwika, kumalo ozizira, kumalo ozizira Urals yodziwika ndi zinthu woopsa nyengo. mu malo chete Nyengo zikuchepa chokhala. Kumalo ozizira Urals dera ili m'malire a ntchito European mgwirizano cyclonic ndi anticyclone Siberia. Nyengo ndi ozizira kwambiri (mpaka -55 ° C), ndi mphepo yamphamvu ndi mvula mkulu. Chifukwa chakuti mapiri zowononga yonyowa kumadzulo, mu kum'mawa kwa mvula imagwera mu 2-3 m'munsi. Kugwa, masika ndi chilimwe - lalifupi, ndi nyengo pa nthawi ino ndi osakhazikika. Kutentha stamped kwa + 30 ° C akhoza mofulumira m'malo masiku ozizira ndi mvula yamphamvu ndi gusts amphamvu mphepo ndi matalala.

Kumalo ozizira Ural Mtsinje

Monga tanena mu dera la kumalo ozizira Urals ndi okulira. Mawu amenewa amatanthauza topographic makonzedwe mzere padziko Lapansi, limene alekanitsa maiwe awiri kapena kuposa a m'nyanja, nyanja, mitsinje ndi nyanja. Mvumbi ndi Effluent imatsogoleredwa kuchokera otsetsereka ziwiri zosiyana. Pankhaniyi mzere wolekanitsa chimafikira pakati maiwe ndi Pechora mtsinje ob (USA). Otsetsereka kumadzulo chifukwa mvula, ndi 2-3 kuposa mu kum'mawa, thickly lili ndi zigwa za mitsinje.

Kuchokera kumpoto mpaka kummwera ikuyenda Kara, dace ndi USA. kutalika woyamba ndi 257 Km, ndi malo beseni - 13 400 makilomita lalikulu. Mphamvu umaperekedwa makamaka ndi chisanu ndi mvula. Kumalo ozizira Ural zikuphatikizapo waukulu inflow Pechory - Mtsinje USA, amene kutalika ndi makilomita 565, ndiponso kutumiza dziwe m'dera - 93,6 zikwi lalikulu. Km. M'madera ena mtsinjewo mofulumira, ndi mathithi kuti kukopa alendo ambiri kasakaniza wazitsulo.

Kudzera otsetsereka a kum'mawa kwa phiri akudutsa mitsinje atatu. Synya (kutalika 217 m) - kumanzere tributary wa ob. Pang'ono yodutsira mtsinje, midzi ingapo yaing'ono imene ili m'mphepete. The waterway chachiwiri - Pike ali kutalika 500 Km, ndipo ndi kuswana pansi, imene matanga whitefish, yotakata whitefish, whitefish. Mtsinje Chachitatu - Longotogan ali kutalika 200 Km.

Nyanza ya kumpoto m'boma la

Region wolemera mu ozizira ndi oyera nyanja kumpoto. Ambiri a iwo thermokarst ndipo ankaganiza m'zigwa cirque. Chinthu choyamba amachititsa kukula yaing'ono ndi kuya yaing'ono. Kumpoto a dongosolo la Madamu ili Hadata-Yugan-Lor, chomwe nyanja ang'ono ndi lalikulu inakula kilometre mlatho mamita 20-50 lonse. Wokongola malo wolemera mu kumalo ozizira Urals, zaposachedwapa anatengedwa kukuteteza, ndi gawo m'gulu la malo zamoyo zomwe makamu acclimatization ndi kukonzanso acclimatization wa njati musk ng'ombe.

M'chigawo cha kumpoto izo ndi Small ndi Big Nyanja Shchuchye. Yotsirizira ndi tectonic maganizo ndi miyezo onse Ural ali akuya kwambiri a 136 mamita ndi dera lalikulu kwambiri padziko madzi. A bird's diso izo zikuwoneka ngati mtsinje waukulu, monga pa kilometre lonse. Kuzungulira nyanja pa magombe za kuwuka nsonga mpaka 1000 m. The otsetsereka miyala ya lokwera pansi kwa nyanja, nthawi zina kutembenukira mu ovuta phompho. mozama wamkulu wayamba mamita 50 zokha pa nyanza.

An pamaso zosaneneka, malo kwabasi - M'pofunikanso kukaona nkhanza kumalo ozizira Urals. Atayenda akhoza anakonza paokha, koma ndi bwino ntchito misonkhano ya anyamata. Pakuti yopuma Cholinga mbali ya kumpoto ndi kum'mwera kwa nyanja ndi wofatsa ndi yosalala m'mphepete inamera udzu ndi zitsamba. Madzi kutentha ngakhale mu masiku yotentha sasefukira pamwamba 10-14 ° C. Nyanja ndi madera ozungulira a boma malo.

nsonga phiri

• Konstantinov mwala - anamanga makamaka a sandstone ndi quartzite mapiri 45 Km from Baidaratskaya Kara Sea. The chimbuzi pa mamita 483 nyanja.
• Harnaurdy-Kaew - phiri (1246 m), glaciation laZimbabwe ali ayi.
• Ngetenape - phiri m'kati (1338 m).
• Hanmi - 1333 mamita pamwamba pa nyanja.
• Samalipira - chimbuzi kumalo ozizira Ural (1499 m) ongokhala shale, quartzite ndi miyala igneous, ali snezhniki.

The zinyama ndi zomera

Nature kumalo ozizira Urals ndi wokongola, koma osati wolemera mu mitundu monga mabacteria otentha nyengo. Zomera ndi ochepa kwambiri, nayonso nkhalango lingapezeke mu mbali ya kum'mwera ya distilikiti. Mu Urals likumanenso birch ndi Oil, mu Urals wa - Oil ndi larch. Zigwa mtsinje Tingaone nkhuni akufa, kawirikawiri nkhalango deciduous. Pa magombe mayiwe kukula zitsamba, msondodzi, nyenyezi yaing'ono birch, udzu ndi maluwa. Kugawira zipatso kumpoto cranberries, cloudberries, blueberries ndi bowa.

The zomera ndi zatha. Ndi zambiri mwa nyama zonse zazikulu yekha mphalapala angapezeke m'madera amenewa. Wild pafupifupi onse awonongeke. Koma ambiri - kuŵetedwa nyama cholowa am'deralo. Iwo adammenya msipu chifukwa kudyetsa. Kamodzi m'madera amenewa omasuka musk ng'ombe, mahatchi zakutchire, njati, saiga. Pa nthawi, kusunga pang'ono zimbalangondo bulauni, pali hares ndi partridges.

Ambiri, nyama ndi zomera - lililonse m'dera Titafika pamalo. N'zoonekeratu anasonyeza okwera kufotokoza kumalo ozizira Urals, mwachitsanzo kusintha kwa malo ndi mmene chilengedwe kugwirizana ndi kuchepa mu kutentha ndi kuwonjezeka mu mpweya.

Kukula mafakitale derali

Onse Ural ndi wamkulu m'madera migodi dziko. M'katikati ake lili ndi chidwi kuchuluka zosiyanasiyana mchere, kuphatikizapo chitsulo, mkuwa, pulatinamu, golide, miyala yamtengo wapatali, potashi, asibesitosi ndi zambiri. Chifukwa zosiyanasiyana ichi - wapadera Geological mbiri.

Kufalitsa mchere amadziwikanso subordinated mfundo za mabacteria altitudinal. Mu 2005, anayamba kukula kwa ntchitoyo "Ural Industrial-Ural kumalo ozizira," womwe cholinga chake ndi kukwaniritsa chodya ndi kuthekera kuchita mafakitale olemera chuma dera achibadwa a m'deralo. Pa ntchito yake - migodi khwatsi kumalo ozizira.

Tourism mu dera

Nyengo nkhanza ndi chikhalidwe zimathandiza kuti mfundo yakuti kumalo ozizira Urals, makamaka gawo kum'mwera, ambiri atchukitsa mwa alendo, mafani kutsetsereka, kukwera ndi madzi maofesi masewera. Mmodzi mwa ubwino zofunika m'deralo ndi kugula ake mu mawu a kayendedwe, komanso mtunda njira pazipita ku siteshoni "North", "Ural", "Horota", "Eletskaya" ndi zina zotero si makilomita oposa 60. Wotchuka malo alendo Voikar mtsinje akuusamoyo, Kara, Synya, Pike, Tanju. Malinga maluso awo ndi kuphunzira, mukhoza kusankha maulendo a osiyanasiyana Kuvuta - kuchokera loyamba kwa gulu chachinayi.

Komanso, kumalo ozizira Ural ski omwe ali maofesi angapo, makamaka mu msasawu kumalo ozizira pa "akuusamoyo" pa siteshoni phiri wakuda. Makamaka wotchuka ndi kukwera ndi kutsetsereka njirazo chakumpoto kwa derali ndi ulendo chidwi nyanja phiri. Komabe, nyengo yeniyeni, yodziwika ndi ukulu wake, awaonera yake. Choncho, chifukwa cha tsiku lalifupi ndi nkhanza maulendo yozizira ski akutsatiridwa mu April-May. Kuyenda kudutsa mu mapiri ndi zotheka kwa July mpaka m'ma August, chifukwa nthawi ili ngati asavutike nyengo zotheka ofunda.