Asilavo nthano

Asilavo nthano, motsutsana ndi Greek, umene uli kale mu 7 m'ma BC, anali chinthu mabuku, izo wakhala undescribed. Ngati anthu ena m'mayiko a ku Ulaya, ndi Asilavo amaimirira ku chotsikitsitsa kupita ku gawo pamwamba pa chitukuko cha chipembedzo. Koma kodi zimenezi zinacitika, kwenikweni amadziwika. chakuti mbiri yakale tsopano kudziwika - ndi dziko olemera ndi matsenga osiyanasiyana mizimu ozungulira Chisilavo. dziko ili maziko a anthu Asilavo ku dziko la kale mpaka mapeto a chikunja.

Medieval Russian olemba adalipo kutsatira miyambo ya makolo akale mpingo, amene amanyozedwa achikunja kalekale. Koma iwo sanali kufotokoza ilo chimene chinali. Iwo akatulukire kwa omvetsera, amene anachita zinthu zachikunja zinadzala ndi maganizo zogwirizana ndi mfiti zamatsenga zimene muli wofunitsitsa nawo mapwando achikunja ndi kukanidwa utumiki mu mpingo. Pachifukwa chimenechi, olemba akale makamaka wodzudzulidwa Asilavo. Komabe, m'zaka 15-17, olemba mbiri asiya kuchitiridwa mwamwano kuti zikhulupiliro za makolo awo n'kuyamba deta ethnographic ndi zolembedwa za milungu ndi mwambo wa Asilavo.

Mwatsoka, ntchito izi za nthano Asilavo anali poyerekeza ndi poyerekeza ndi Agiriki ndi Aroma. Choncho, zinthu zimenezi molondola limati ndi mayina a milungu Asilavo yaimuna ndi yaikazi. Mbiri zokhudza milungu monga Stribog, Perun, Hors, Dazhdbog, Semargl, Makosh, Svarog, Velez, Ndodo ndi Rozhanitsy. Anadzatchedwa Lel ndi Lada. Information anasunga pang'ono, makamaka za nthano ya Western Asilavo.

Osauka, chikhalidwe cha kum'mawa Asilavo ndi West wopyoza magawo angapo. Iwo ankakhulupirira kuti milungu ya kumwamba, moyo ndi imfa (Maron ndi moyo), nkhondo ndi thambo, ndi masamba ufumu ndi chonde. Anapangidwa osati madzi ndi dzuwa, komanso mizimu ambiri. Kale mawu monga mawu a mwambo ndi kuzindikiridwa wogwirizana kwambiri ndi chakuti izo zinawonetsera. Chochitika kapena zikhulupiriro okhala dzina. Choncho anabadwa Asilavo nthano, ndi chinenero anakhala singasiyanitsidwe chida mwambo.

The njira limene poyambirira kugwirizana ndi kufanizitsa zinenero, mu sayansi Russian anali woyamba anasamutsa m'nthano Buslaev, amene ntchito kuphunzira miyambo ya m'nthano ya anthu Asilavo. Iye anati: "Anthu ntchito kukhala mlakatuli Ndipo anthu ankaona ofalitsa oimba miyambo .. The Asilavo wakale, mwambo kwathunthu akupondereza wongonena, osalola kuti aime anali pa nthawi iyi epos kenako kuchokera kuima panja nthano Mu anthu awa kusunga ... miyambo yawo, osati nthano ndi epics, komanso mawu, miyambi, miyambi, miyambi, ziwembu lalifupi, zizindikiro, kulumbira ndi zamatsenga. " Pang'onopang'ono m'nthano chiphunzitso Buslaeva akufotokozera mu chiphunzitso sukulu sankakhala ndi poyerekeza nthano. Pakati pa chisamaliro chake pa vuto wa chilengedwe nthano. Malinga ndi chiphunzitso, Asilavo nthano analengedwa Arias.

Pali njira poyerekeza wa Afanasiev. Iye ankakhulupirira kuti lofunika kwambiri kwa kamvedwe kabwino ka Asilavo nthano ali nkhani ndi epics (mawu akuti "epic" Sakharov anayambitsa, pamaso pa epic nyimbo onse otchedwa amakedzana). epics amunamuna a Russia akhoza kuvala ndime ndi nthano amunamuna ena machitidwe ena a nthano. kusiyana lagona pa mfundo yakuti ndi epics mbiri monga kumuuza za zochitika zosiyanasiyana zimene zachitika zaka 11-16. Wotchuka wa akatswiri awo - izo Mikula Selyaninovich, Ilya Muromets, Vasily Buslaev, Volga. Pa nthawi yomweyo zazindikirika osati monga anthu, zogwirizana ina nyengo mu mbiri, komanso oyambitsa ndi zokometsera la ngwazi yadzaoneni. Ndi pano - umodzi zawo ndi chikhalidwe, invincibility ndi mphamvu zamatsenga.