Asafe feteleza - ndichiyani? Ndani wa asafe feteleza wolemera asafe kuposa ena?

Feteleza - ndi chida chofunika kwambiri munda wa. Iwo kumalimbitsa nthaka ndi nyimbo zosiyana, tiyenera kudalira kupeza zabwino pachaka zokolola ndi chidutswa chomwecho cha dziko. Komabe, zomera m'munda amafuna lonse la mchere ndi organic zina, ndi nyakulima kugwa bwino kuyenda yosiyanasiyana ili. Masiku ano tili ndi chidwi feteleza asafe. Kodi gulu kuti iwo akuimilira, ndi yaikulu kukula ndi chitukuko cha zomera - zonsezi tikambirana mwatsatanetsatane.

asafe Kodi

Choyamba muyenera kudziwa kuti imeneyi ndi mbali wambiri pa dziko. Popanda sipangakhale amoyo umodzi chamoyo, ndipo izi imakhudzanso zomera. Asafe ndi yofunika zikuluzikulu za mapuloteni ndi amino zidulo, zidulo mkati. N'chifukwa chake lamulo loyamba nyakulima ikuti kuti aziphimba asafe feteleza zonse. Ndi chiyani icho? Tikambirana pansipa, koma tsopano - chiphunzitso pang'ono. Kupezeka kwa chakudya chokwanira cha nayitrogeni m'nthaka kumawonjezera zokolola, koma wopanda zikuchepa kumachepetsa izo. N'chifukwa chake ziwembu munda, amene akubera chaka chilichonse akufunika oyamba nthawi zonse zinthu zimenezi. Komabe, izo ndi zofunika kukumbukira kuti ngakhale zofunikira zoonekeratu, muyenera kuzigwiritsa ntchito mosamalira kwambiri. chakuti overabundance wa mankhwala m'nthaka kumabweretsa kukula bwino dongosolo vegetative ndi kutha pafupifupi fruiting.

Chifukwa zomera asafe

Ife tikudziwa kale kuti kukolola sungagulire ntchito okha zachilengedwe wa nthaka. Choncho, n'kofunika zonse kubwezeretsanso m'bado wa zakudya. N'chifukwa chiyani kuli kofunika kuti feteleza asafe? Kodi ndi kanthu - organic kapena zochita kupanga - zochimwazo kumathetsa aliyense nyakulima, malingana ndi nthawi ya chaka ndi feedings yapita, pansipa tikulingalira ndandanda mulingo woyenera kwambiri oyamba a feteleza. Koma bola ngati izo si za izo. Asafe ndi mbali ya wotchedwa chlorophyll koyenera kuti mayamwidwe mphamvu dzuwa. Komanso wolemera lipids asafe, alkaloids, ndipo ambiri zinthu zina zofunika kwa zomera wamoyo.

Makamaka wolemera mu asafe, zimayambira achinyamata ndi masamba m'chaka, mu yogwira gawo kukula kwa mbewu. Ngati kuli kofunika, ndi kuoneka masamba atsopano, masamba ndi zimayambira zinthu nitrogenous amapita iwo. Ndipo pambuyo kubereketsa zomera anapeza kuti ziwalo zoberekera, ndipo pamene kusungidwa monga mapuloteni. Ndiko kuti, n'kofunika kuti m'njira yake kwa feteleza nthaka asafe. Chavuta ndi chiyani, ife angakuuzeni mwatsatanetsatane, koma tsopano tiona kuti phunziro kwa lamulo limeneli kwambiri kumawonjezera kuchuluka ndi khalidwe la mbewu. Makamaka, mapuloteni chipatso umakhala wofunika kwambiri, ndipo okha mbewu masamba akukulira mofulumira kwambiri.

mitundu ya feteleza

Ife pang'onopang'ono kusuntha kwa gulu ndi Choncho adzakuuzani zambiri za feteleza asafe. "Ndi chiyani?" - mwafunsiranji? Makamaka odziwa munda, ndithudi, kumbukirani mchere, ndipo n'zosadabwitsa. Ndipotu, iwo amakhala timakumana nawo mu masitolo apadera, pansi pa chizindikiro yoyenera. Komabe mndandanda umenewu sikuthetsa kumeneko. Palinso organic feteleza asafe. Izi makamaka zakudya zomera ndi nyama chiyambi. Mwina inu adzakhala vumbulutso, koma ndowe lili 1% asafe. Pali feteleza ena asafe. Izi ndi zimene Mwachitsanzo? Bwanji, ngakhale kompositi imene pa zinyalala AMASIYANA MAGANIZO ndi peat anafika 1.5% ndende ya mankhwala pamaso pathu, ndipo ngati atati mu kompositi dzenje la masamba obiriwira, mlingo tatchulazi zingawonjezere kuti 2.5%. Ndi kwambiri, koma pali zina organic feteleza, amene mosavuta chimakwirira Chiwerengerochi. Izi zitosi mbalame, muli osachepera 3% asafe. Komabe, tiyenera kukumbukira kuti kudyetsa poizoni ndithu, ndipo chotero, iwo asakhale tisatengeke.

Phula mitundu ya feteleza asafe (ammonium Gulu)

Tipitirize kuganizira feteleza asafe. Chemical dzina - "asafe" - likumasuliridwa kuti "moyo", kumene Ndizachidziwikire kuti palibe zinthu zina kukula ndi chitukuko cha m'minda wobiriwira ndi sangathe. Tiyeni nkhani yoyamba za madzi mawonekedwe a feteleza ili. kupangidwa ndi mtengo kwambiri kuposa kumasulidwa kwa Akhristu olimba, kutanthauza mudzakhala okhoza kupulumutsa kwambiri pamene kugula. Ndipo pali atatu okha mitundu amene alipo kwa Dachnik aliyense: wa amoniya anhydrous, madzi amoniya ndi ammoniates. Tonsefe tili ndi woipa osiyana, kotero ndikofunika kukhazikitsa pasadakhale zomwe wa asafe feteleza wolemera asafe kuposa ena. Izi, mosakayikira, anhydrous ammonia. The zowonjezera amapangidwa ndi liquefaction wa amoniya pansi kuthamanga ndipo lili osachepera 82% wa chinthu chachikulu.

Features cha kulowa pansi madzi asafe feteleza

Pali zina zabwino zimene ayenera n'komwe. Zoterezi feteleza nthaka mosavuta, koma pangakhale zinakwana asafe pa zifukwa zingapo. Mu malo oyamba - ndi ufulu evaporation, anhydrous ammonia. Komanso, colloids nthaka yomweyo kuyamwa asafe ndi mbali ya feteleza ndi amachitira ndi madzi ndipo n'kukhala hydroxide ammonium. Ndi bwino kuti feteleza mu nthaka mu kugwa, chisanadze mudzaze ndi manyowa, zimene umene kuchepetsa zomvetsa kambirimbiri.

nitrate gulu

The madzi mawonekedwe ntchito zambiri minda yaing'ono munda. Ngati ife kulankhula za lonse mafakitale, pali muyenera kuti apitirize kuganizira zimene bwino kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza asafe. Mmodzi wa anthu ambiri ndi ammonium nitrate. Ndi mankhwala mosalekeza amene amapereka zotsatira yomweyo. Feteleza akuyendera monga woyera-pinki granules. Okhutira asafe m'menemo 35%, amene ali okwanira, anapatsidwa mkulu chitetezo cha thunthu yogwira m'nthaka. wamaluwa ambiri amanena: chakwanira kugula saltpetre ndipo dziko lako sadzavutikanso ndi kusowa kwa chinthu ichi. Kugwiritsidwa pa nthaka masika oyambirira izo, chifukwa zingamuthandize kuyamba mofulumira ndi wabwino chitukuko zomera. Mlingo otaya chitsanzo chabwino - kuchokera 25 mpaka 30 g / 1 mita ^2. Komanso, munthu angathe kukonzekera madzi awo njira - zimenezi zimafuna kupasuka 20 ga pa malita 10 a madzi.

Ndipo ena feteleza asafe ndi?

Ammonium nitrate gulu (ammonium sulfate)

Izi ndi njira ina yotchuka ndi mawonekedwe a mchere wotsimikiza. Okhutira asafe m'menemo chawonetsedwa pang'ono m'munsi 21%. Izo zikhoza kugwiritsidwa pa nthaka mu kasupe ndi autumn, ndipo malinga ndi kukula zokolola ikhoza kamodzi kapena kawiri pa chaka kwa patsogolo m'dziko. Feteleza nthaka si kuchotsedwa, ndipo akutipatsa zotsatira zokhalitsa. wamaluwa ambiri pali acidification pang'ono dothi pamene ntchito nthawi zonse. M'pofunika kuti atchule mu nthaka pa 40-50 ga thunthu pa 1 mita ^2.

feteleza amide

Nthumwi yowala - ndi urea. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa zofunika asafe munali feteleza (asafe ndende - 46%). Monga ulamuliro, ntchito mu kasupe, koma mu mtunda ovuta kwambiri ndipo akhoza amalipidwa kugwa. Kuti tichite zimenezi, kutenga 20 ga pa 1 mita ^2. Koma ngati chofunika kupanga kutsitsi kuti zikhoza kuchepetsedwa kwa 30 40 ga pa malita 10 a madzi.

Koma si onse feteleza asafe panopa alipo kale. mndandanda akupitiriza urea ndi calcium cyanamide. Tikumbukenso kuti mtengo wapatali kwambiri, kutchipa Kufikika zikutanthauza kuti ndi urea. Iwo imene'yi, ikukamba fetereza zomwe zingachititse amayaka zomera, choncho muyenera kukhala osamala kwambiri powapatsa mu nthaka.

ntchito

Tsopano inu oyendetsa, kodi feteleza ndi asafe ndi tingalankhule pang'ono za mmene angadzigwiritsire ntchito izo pa dzinja kanyumba awo. Kumbukirani kuti kudya nthawi Chiwerengero zimadalira mtundu wa dothi ndi kupanda m'menemo wa asafe. Ziyenera adzanyamula kukumbukira kuti pamene inu ntchito wambirimbiri nitrogenous feteleza maluwa kumachitika patapita nthawi yaitali ndi fruiting zisadzachitike. Kodi zomera ayenera kudyetsedwa ndi asafe? Zonse kupatula nyemba ndi clover. Komabe, zofunika za aliyense chikhalidwe kudya wake, ndipo izi ziyenera n'komwe.

Zomera ndi zofunika kwambiri feteleza asafe

chikhalidwe zomwe ense kudziwika ndi ambiri munda ziwembu wathu: kabichi, mbatata, dzungu ndi zukini, tsabola ndi biringanya, komanso mbewu yamasamba zokoma. Ndi kukula awo ayenera kupanga winawake pamaso chodzala ndi pa nyengo kukula. Ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito osachepera 25 ga nitrate ammonium pa 1 mita ^2. Onetsetsani kuti mukudziwa zimene Nayitrogeni feteleza, ngati mukupita kukula zipatso ndi zipatso, monga raspberries ndi mabulosi akuda, strawberries, yamatcheri ndi nthuza. Nkofunika ntchito zowonjezera izi zonse ngati mukupita kudzala dahlias kukongoletsa ndi phlox, peonies ndi tsiniyu, Violet ndi Lilac.

Gulu lachiwiri: kufunika pafupifupi kwa asafe

Iwo tomato ndi nkhaka, Beets ndipo kaloti, adyo, chimanga ndi parsley. Mwa zipatso zomera akhoza taonera currant ndi jamu ndi apulo. gulu akhoza zimachitika maluwa kwambiri pachaka.

Pamene kulimapo izi ndi kokwanira kuti asafe kamodzi pachaka - mu kasupe oyambirira. Izi zikanakhala zotha kuonetsetsa kuti zomera womasuka. Ndi bwino kuti zosaposa 20 ga nitrate pa 1 mita ^2.

Gulu lachitatu

Zomera ndi zofunika zolimbitsa zili asafe. The mlingo - 15 g wa ammonium nitrate pa 1 mita ^2. Izi zikuphatikizapo masamba onse masamba, anyezi ndi Palestina ankalima, mbatata oyambirira. zitsanzo za magulu awa ornamentals onse bulbous. Pomaliza, undemanding kwambiri ndi nyemba (zokwanira okwana 7 ga feteleza pa 1 mita ^2). Si nandolo monga nyemba, komanso zomera yokongola, monga azaleas, Heather ndi ena ambiri.

Njira ntchito fetereza

Kuti zinthu izi mu nthawi kuti zotsatira, iwo ayenera kukhala bwino, ndipo ambiri Chofunika - nthawi. Kuti tichite zimenezi, iwo zimagwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana. Woyambirira likuyenda. Iwo angathe kuchitidwa onse pamanja ndi ntchito dispensers basi. Anagwiritsa ntchito njira imeneyi pamaso seeding, monga feteleza chofunika nthawi yaitali kupasuka. Lamba yachiwiri ndi njira imene ammonium nitrate kapena zina feteleza mchere asafe zimathandiza yopapatiza gulu pafupi chomera padziko dothi kapena pa akuya osaya. Ngati kuchepekedwa amphamvu ngati muyeso mwadzidzidzi, ntchito kutsitsi. Pomaliza, feteleza amapangidwa mu madzi mawonekedwe, ndiye, inu mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito kukapanda kuleka ulimi wothirira.

Kodi matenda akusowa asafe

Tikukhulupirira tsopano inu si kakasi funso "feteleza asafe - zomwe." Photos kuperekedwa pa tsamba, kusonyeza momveka bwino kwambiri kusiyana kwa feedings amenewa. Komabe, ndikofunika kudziwa nthawi awerengazo mu nthaka, pamene chifukwa cha kukula osauka lagona wonse wina. Ndi wopanda asafe mu malo oyamba anati chopinga kukula ndi chikasu mbewu lonse, makamaka masamba. Izo ziyenera Musiyeni ndi ngati mtundu wa zomera kukhala wotumbululuka zachikasu. Chizindikiro choyamba kwambiri kuti ayenera kuchenjeza inu, ndi chikasu wa masamba a masamba akulu. Ndiye iwo kufota ndi kuguluka.

Zizindikiro za asafe owonjezera

Nthawi zina zimakhala zovuta kusiyanitsa wina ndi mzake, ndiye pali drawback, ndi overabundance wa zakudya. Choncho, tiyenera kumanga pa zomwe ndi kuchuluka kwa momwe inu chinathandiza nthaka, komanso kuyang'anila wake wa zomera. Kwenikweni ndi overabundance wa asafe kumaonekera chakuti mbali zobiriwira zomera ndi yofewa ndipo zobiriwira, Iyamba kukula, koma limamasula ndi n'kuwasanganiza zambiri kwanthawi utsalira mawu. Ngati owonjezera asafe zofunika kwambiri, anaona tsamba amayaka, kenako awo ikutha wathunthu. Zotsatirazi kufa ili ndi dongosolo la mizu.

kuti adzimvera

Motero, kuti konza zomera mphamvu, akhoza kugwiritsa ntchito organic (manyowa kapena mbalame zitosi) kapena feteleza mchere, kawirikawiri kwambiri kutero. Izi zikhoza kukhala nitrate ammonium (asafe zili - 34%) ndi sulphate ammonium (21%). Mukhozanso kashiamu zothandiza (15%) ndi sodium wochuluka nitrate (16%). Ngati zomera mukuvutika ndi amphamvu asafe akusowa kapena mukufuna mbewu anthu, ndiwo wovuta kwambiri za iye, ndi bwino kutenga urea (46%). Ntchito feteleza chiwerengero lamanja, ndi pamene amapezeka zofunika.