Maloyaroslavets zokopa: Finca "Mpheta" ndi ena

Izi wakale mzinda Russian ili pa magombe a mtsinje waung'ono, m'madamu, kumpoto-kum'mawa kwa Kaluga. m'dera mzindawo - 1787 mahekitala.

Mbiri ya mzinda

Kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 14, mzinda linakhazikitsidwa ndi Prince Vladimir Sergeyevich Serpukhov. Iye dzina lake polemekeza mwana kalonga chachinayi, Yaroslavl. mzindawu anatchula mu mbiri mu 1402. Pambuyo kugwirizana Moscow ukulu anadzatchedwa Maloyaroslavets. Mu 1776 iye analandira udindo wa mudzi wa chigawocho. October 24, 1912 Maloyaroslavetz kukhala malo a wamagazi nkhondo asilikali a Russia ndi asilikali amphamvu a Napoleon. Patapita maola 17 osaleka nkhondo mzinda nthawi 8 wadutsa kuchokera ku dzanja m'manja. Chifukwa kumenyana aukali, iye inawonongedwa.

Pa WWII Maloyaroslavets inali nthawi yochepa wotanganidwa komanso lowonongeka. Mu 2012, ndi lamulo la V. V. Putina, iye anali kupereka mutu "City a usilikali Ulemerero."

Maloyaroslavets: zokopa

Mudzi ali ndi mbiri wolemera, ali ndi kuchuluka yaikulu chikhalidwe, mbiri yakale komanso kamangidwe zipilala. Akuluakulu a boma ndipo zikuphatikiza mosamala kwambiri, kuyan'ana mkhalidwe wawo ndi kuchita zofunika ntchito yobwezeretsa.

hillfort

Izi ndi wapadera m'mbiri komanso zachilengedwe cholowa. Amapanga dothi chitunda kutalika mamita 30 lili pa magombe a mtsinje chithaphwi pakati zigwembe awiri. Ofukula amanena kuti kunali midzi mafuko Vyatichi amene anali kukhala m'dera la dziko lomwe tsopano ndi Region Kaluga mu 12-13 zaka TH.

Kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 14 zokhalamo m'bale m'mudzi wotchedwa Dmitry Donskoy, Vladimir Olimba Mtima-Don. Zikuoneka kuti malo amenewa latsopano anaitana Yaroslavl. Zinali mpanda matabwa mkulu zadothi kutsinde, kuthetsa kusinthidwa kwa melee chitetezo. Icho chinali kuchinga a dongosolo m'tawuni.

Mu 15-16 zaka TH, pambuyo anawazunza zambiri za Crimea Chitata komanso mitundu Chilituyaniya, chinyumba unawotchedwa. Zotsalira za mtengo umenewu anapulumuka mpaka tsopano.

Chernoostrovsky obisika

Suli kutali ndi mzinda wakale pa magombe a mtsinje Yaroslavl, wazunguliridwa ndi minda zazikulu, ili Chernoostrovsky Nikolsky obisika. Idamangidwa m'zaka 16 mochedwa. M'masiku amenewo anali yekhayo wa mapiri, lomwe linali ndi wandiweyani ndi kuwoloka, "wakuda" nkhalango. Choncho dzina - Chernoostrovsky. Iyi ndi nthawi yoyamba Baibulo wachibale m'munsi mwa obisika a.

Malinga ndi wachiwiri, iye anakwezedwa Prince Obolensky m'zaka 14 pa phiri, amene kale anali kutchedwa Black m'ndende. Mu mbiri yakale agulupa otchedwa Chernoostrozhskim. Kenako dzina amamuonera kuwomba ano. M'zaka za m'ma 17 obisika a anawonongedwa, koma theka lachiwiri la m'ma 17 kubwezeretsedwa mkulu Hypatia. Mu 1775 anakhala tchalitchi yathu.

Agulupa anatsitsimuka mu 1800 zikomo Tselibeevu wamalonda amene anapereka 20 zikwi rubles (a ndalama yaikulu mu masiku amenewo) kuti ntchito yokonza abale.

Mu 1812, pansi makoma a obisika anatenga malo Maloyaroslaveckij lodziwika bwino nkhondo ndi asilikali a Napoleon. Chifukwa, kachisi anawonongedwa, anagonjetsa katundu. Zotsalira kupulumuka anali kachiwiri wodzipereka mu 1813, ndipo anayamba kubwezeretsa ake.

Obisika mosangalala analipo mpaka 1918, pamene Bolsheviks sanali kutseka pansi. Ankakhalako ndi machitidwe wakale ndi zikalata, zithunzi wapatali, ziwiya mpingo, wolemera sacristy.

Cha m'ma makumi ansembe onse anasiya obisika. Pambuyo pake, anaika mu aphunzitsi nyumba maphunziro kusukulu. Mu 1991, obisika zapita Kaluga chigawocho. Kulambira ndi moyo watsopano wa agulupa anayamba October 4, 1992.

Chitsitsimutso cha obisika ndi

M'zaka zaposachedwapa yakhala ikuchitika yaikulu kubwezeretsedwa, zomangamanga ndi analekezera. Anamanganso bishopu, unamwino ndi nyumba ya refectory, hotelo kwa wogonera, okonzeka masamba Man ndi minda maluwa. Mu zakale nyumba analemba yopemphereramo kowonera zakale ndi diorama nkhondo mu 1812.

Finca mu Vorobyevo

Okonda amakedzana wakhala amakopeka ndi Maloyaroslavets yaing'ono. zokonda zake ndi wofunika kwambiri mbiri. Mu 1897, pafupi ndi mudzi Vorobyov kaonedwe Petersburg dokotala S. P. Fedorov adagula dziko ndipo anayamba kumanga alimi parishi sukulu ndi dispensary.

Iye anayamba asilikali a chuma, ndi kuyang'anira ntchito yomanga injiniya Swedish Gunnar Svensson, pamene anatumikira monga mlangizi pa yomanga ofesi ya kazembe wa Sweden. zinthu zambiri dongosolo anapangidwa yotchuka mu zaka ku Ulaya, Art Nouveau kalembedwe. Manor "Mpheta" wazunguliridwa ndi zazikulu zipatso, pamthunzi mabwalo. Pa m'gawo lake pali kutentha ndi paki ndi mchere.

ndi pamakoma onse a nyumba ndi kukweza munthu. Iwo bwinobwino ntchito zosiyanasiyana mawonekedwe ndi akumaliza - mwangwiro yosalala pamalo, pulasitala, matailosi ceramic. The zikuchokera ndi kobvuta ngodya nsanja, makonde, masitepe ndi ledges. A udindo wapadera ndi ankaimba ndi akalumikidzidwa osiyana zenera. Kuyambira 1945 mpaka pano pa malo ili chipatala chaching'ono.

Manor "Mpheta" anali thupi utsogoleri. Palinso Museum mbiri yake.

ulemerero chipilala

Imathamanga zikuchitika asilikali Maloyaroslavets. Zosangalatsa pa anamanganso a muno kuyambira nthawi zosiyanasiyana, iye akungokhalira mtima kwambiri. Imeneyi imagwiranso kwa Chipilala Ulemerero anamanga dongosolo la Nicholas Ine m'zaka za m'ma 19 pokumbukira asilikali anaphedwa pa nkhondo yolimbana ndi Napoleon.

Onse zinthu kuponyedwa chitsulo anaponyedwa pa Alexandrovsky foundry ku St. Petersburg. Mu August 1844 tabu woyamba wa chipilala kuti asilikali, adalemekeza Maloyaroslavetz maphunziro. Zokopa (zithunzi kuti inu mukuona m'nkhani ino) nzika wamphamvu wapatali. Kumene, chifukwa iwo kulankhula za mbiri amunamuna a makolo awo.

Maloyaroslavets: zokopa, ndemanga

Alendo amene anapita kumzinda, flatteringly kwambiri za izo. Choyamba chimakhudza ukhondo zapadera. Ndipo ichi ntchito osati ku misewu ndi mabwalo, wopanda ukhondo ulamuliro mu zipinda hotelo. A mawu wapadera chiyamiko kupita ndodo hotelo. Onse ntchito mwaukadaulo, mochenjera ndi onse kulandira alendo.

Great kuganiza pa alendo kubala zipilala wodzipereka kwa ngwazi za nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse, makamaka m'nyumbayi-diorama "Maloyaroslaveckij nkhondo" imene ili mu nyumba yopemphereramo wa agulupa lapansi.

Ambiri aona kumverera zapadera pamene kuyendera mzinda wakale. Izi mwina chifukwa Luso la atsogoleri omwe angachititse omvera ake ndi zaka zingapo zapitazo.

Ena alendo mzinda pali kunyalanyaza pang'ono munda "Mpheta" kuti oipayo amawononganso kuganiza kucheza chipilala lodabwitsa.

Today ife anayesa kupereka yaing'ono, zigawo, chikhalidwe Russian mudzi - Maloyaroslavets. Zokopa za mzinda uwu n'zosatheka kulongosola nkhani ina, iwo ayenera kukhala chosavuta kuchiona.