Kodi ntchito ya m'thupi chiyani?

Magazi ndi madzi ena a mthupi monga lymph, ndi minofu madzimadzi, zimapanga chilengedwe mkati. Magazi ndi wapadera zimakhala connective, chifukwa cha phylogenetically ndi developmentally iwo anapanga kuchokera mayunitsi embryonic connective minofu - mesenchyme. Mitsempha ya magazi ndi maukonde Mitsempha ndi cavities mtima, limene nthawi zonse ndi mosalekeza magazi aziyenda. Kodi mitsempha ya magazi? Poyankha funso limeneli, mukhoza kulemba ndemanga, chifukwa ntchito ya m'thupi zosiyanasiyana. zoyendera Izi zinthu zofunika ndi mankhwala biologically yogwira ntchito magetsi ndi chitukuko zina maselo onse ndipo zimakhala za thupi la munthu, n'kofunika mafuta kuwombola ntchito ndi kusunga osmotic kuthamanga ndi mapuloteni tuzigawo twa, kufalitsidwa m'magazi. Kuti munthu limagwirira ntchito magazi dongosolo imanenanso chimachita chokwanira zinthu kunja ndi mkati mmene mthupi oteteza thupi ku wothandizira opatsirana ndi zina alendo yachilendo wina amaimira munthu zinthu.

Mitsempha ya magazi sangathe kutenga malo Ngati sikudali kwa nthawi zonse, mosalekeza mu moyo magazi, wotchedwa extracorporeal kufalitsidwa. Mtima ndi ziwiya ambiri magazi (mitsempha yaikulu, mitsempha, arterioles, capillaries ndi venules), ndi dongosolo lymphatic m'gulu limodzi mtima dongosolo la thupi. Ntchito ya m'thupi kumaphatikizapo kuchotsa katundu wa makutidwe ndi okosijeni ndi zochita zina zimene zimachitika m'kati kagayidwe, amene amakhala owopsa kwambiri ndi poizoni kuti zinthu selo, ngati iwo excreted eleminirovat. zinthu kandalama magazi amalenga lamulo humoral , ndi kupereka mphamvu zonse ntchito ziwalo zonse za mkati ndipo aliyense wa kachitidwe.

Magazi, monga chuma mankhwala magazi dongosolo imakhala ndi mbali ziwiri: madzi, kapena plasma, komanso youma tambala anapanga zinthu (othandiza magazi kuundana, leukocytes ndi erythrocytes). The chiŵerengero cha tuzigawo twa izi pa avareji 1: 1.5, ndi mwini 40% PERCENTAGE plasma ndi corpuscles magazi 60% lonse. Madzi a m'magazi (madzi gawo) ndi zovuta ndi wapadera kwachilengedwenso sing'anga, 90% amene ali madzi. Otsala 10% ya madzi a zimachitika mapuloteni, amino zidulo, mchere maofesi, shuga, kachitidwe gawo lotetezedwa, mahomoni, kusungunuka mipweya, mavitamini, michere, etc.

Ntchito m'thupi kupereka chitetezo chokwanira humoral kugwirizana ndi madzi a m'magazi. Ndi za nyengo anapanga ayenera kuti ali atatu ntchito zosiyanasiyana: ku maselo ofiira - kupuma, mu leukocytes - woteteza othandiza magazi kuundana - clotting.

Maselo ofiira zimakhala zofunika chitsulo munali pigment, wotchedwa hemoglobin. Iwo induces ndi zoyendera wa mpweya wochokera mu mpweya kunja kwa maselo ndipo maselo mpweya woipa ndi linanena bungwe kwa malo akunja. Pali mitundu yambiri ya maselo oyera, ndipo aliyense wa iwo ali ndi ntchito yofunika kwambiri. Kulenga chitetezo chokwanira selo nkhoswe, mu kuchepekedwa awo osauka zoopsa chikhalidwe pathological, chitsanzo chidwi omwe ali HIV. Clotting luso loitanirana katundu chibadidwe okha othandiza magazi kuundana, akusowa ake amachititsa magazi nthenda, onse kunja ndi mkati, ndi muyeso zimachititsa magazi kuundana kuti kuononga wa lumen Mitsempha ndi kutchinga otaya yachibadwa magazi.

Kaya ntchito ya m'thupi, udindo wake mu moyo wa munthu ndi wosatsutsika.