Chilengedwe mkati mwa chamoyo ndi phindu lake

Mawu akuti "milieu intérieur" anaonekera chifukwa cha French physiologist Claude Bernard, amene anakhalapo zaka za m'ma XIX. Mu ntchito zake, anaika akutsindika mfundo yakuti chofunika moyo thupi ndi kukhala mosalekeza chilengedwe mkati. Makonzedwe amenewa inakhala maziko a chiphunzitso cha homeostasis, limene anakonza Patapita (mu 1929), wasayansi Walter Cannon.

Homeostasis - wachibale zazikulu zonse za chilengedwe mkati, komanso ena ntchito malo amodzi thupi. Milieu intérieur anapanga zakumwa awiri - okhudza maselo ambiri ndi extracellular. mfundo ndi yakuti yonse yochepetsetsa ya chamoyo wamoyo ali ndi ntchito zenizeni, choncho amafunika chakudya nthawi zonse chakudya ndi mpweya. Iye amaonanso kufunika kuchotsa zonse mankhwala kagayidwe kachakudya. zigawo zikuluzikulu zofunika mukhoza kudutsa nembanemba yekha mu boma kotero, nchifukwa chake iliyonse minofu selo madzimadzi umatsuka, amene yophatikiza zonse zofunika kugwira ntchito yake. Limakhudza otchedwa madzimadzi extracellular, ndipo chimachititsa 20 peresenti ya kulemera kwa thupi.

Chilengedwe mkati mwa chamoyo, wopangidwa mwa madzimadzi extracellular chikukhudza:

• lymph (mbali ya minofu madzimadzi) - 2 L;
• Magazi - 3 L;
• interstitial madzimadzi - 10 L;
• transcellular madzi - 1 L (izo wapangidwa ndi cerebrospinal, pleural, synovial, ocular madzimadzi).

Zonsezi zikuchokera osiyana ndi osiyana mu mawu a magwiridwe katundu. Komanso, chilengedwe mkati mwa thupi la munthu akhoza kukhala kusiyana kakang'ono pakati pa mlingo otaya zinthu ndi chiphaso awo. Chifukwa cha ndende ili nthawi zonse mosinthasintha. Mwachitsanzo, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi a munthu wamkulu lingayambire pakukhala 0,8 kwa 1.2 g / L. Zikatero, ngati magazi lili kwambiri kapena zochepa cha magulu ena kuposa zofunika, umasonyeza pamaso pa matenda.

Monga tanenera kale, milieu intérieur ngati chimodzi mwa zigawo muli magazi. Amakhala plasma, madzi, mapuloteni, mafuta, shuga, urea ndi mchere salt. Aika zili mitsempha (capillaries, mitsempha, mitsempha). Iwo aumbike mwa mayamwidwe mapulotini magazi, chakudya, mafuta, madzi. Ntchito yake yaikulu ndi ubale ndi akuluakulu a chilengedwe, yobereka ndi ziwalo zinthu zofunika, kuchotsa malonda oipa thupi. alinso ndi ntchito yake kumatenda ndi humoral.

Minofu madzimadzi tichipeza madzi ndi kusungunuka zakudya m'menemo, NKHA _2, O _2, komanso mankhwala a dissimilation. Ndi ili mu malo pakati pa maselo ndi minofu aumbike likuvutika madzi a m'magazi. Minofu madzimadzi ndi wapakatikati pakati pa magazi ndi maselo. Iye akuvutika magazi mu maselo wa O _2, salt mchere, zakudya.

Lymph tichipeza madzi ndi kusungunuka mmenemo zinthu organic. Ndi ili mu dongosolo lymphatic kuti tichipeza capillaries lymph, mitsempha ya magazi, zinaphatikizidwa kwa ducts awiri ndi kuyenderera mu vena cava. Iwo aumbike chifukwa minofu madzimadzi mu m'mapaketi, ndiwo malekezero a capillaries lymph. Ntchito chachikulu ndi kubweza lymph minofu madzimadzi mu m'magazi. Komanso, Zosefera ndi ukuchiza minofu madzimadzi.

Monga tikuonera, thupi chilengedwe mkati ndi ya zinthu zokhudza thupi, thupi ndi mankhwala, motero, ndipo majini zokhudza viability wa wamoyo.