Zero Point Mphamvu: tanthauzo, zitsanzo, ndi zothandiza kufunika

Nthawi zambiri timamva mmene zingakhale zabwino ngati panali lopitirira zoyenda makina. Chaka chimodzi si kwathunthu popanda zina munthu wanzeru si anasonkhana wake "lopitirira zoyenda makina" mu m'chipinda chapansi pa nyumba. Koma pamapeto, aliyense wa iwo mwina pantchito kapena ntchito chifukwa mphamvu kwina, ndiyeno iye sanali wosatha, chifukwa popanda pamaso pa chikoka kunja silingayende. Zonse izi zochokera malamulo yosavuta kusamala mphamvu. Choncho, poyamba tiyenera zimenezo. Ndipo ife tiyambira ndi nkhani.

Mbiri ya malamulo

Pano mukhoza kuyamba kuuza kuyambira m'masiku a dziko wakale. More akale ofufuza nzeru za anapereka maziko kumvetsa mfundo imeneyi: mphamvu sizimawoneka balamanthu, koma atatembenuzidwa mawonekedwe wina ndi mzake.

Mu Middle Ages Mnazareti Dekart mu "Mfundo za Philosophy", analemba kuti: "Pamene wina collides ndi thupi lina, angamuuze zoyenda monga mmene wotaya onse yokha ndi kumuchititsa okha monga momwe zingawonjezere gulu lawo."

Patapita Lomonosov analembera Leonardu Eyleru maganizo ofanana. Iye ananena kuti ngati mu malo amodzi nkhaniyi Mwamsanga, winayo ayenera kuonekera.

M'zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi, Maykl Faradey, amene anaphunzira zachilengedwe electrochemical, anapanga mfundo zofanana, pozindikira kuti zamagetsi ndi maginito, electrodynamic, mankhwala ndi makhalidwe matenthedwe.

Kwa zaka zambiri, asayansi mmodzimmodzi anawatsimikizira inviolability cha chilamulo: Dzheyms Dzhoul, Gelmgolts German, Robert Mayer. Onse a iwo asonyeza kuti mphamvu simungakhoze basi kutha kwinakwake; iye akupita mu njira zosiyana. Kumene, lamulo amakana kuli zoyenda lopitirira, chifukwa izi zikutanthauza kuti n'zotheka kupanga mphamvu kuchokera kosadziwika.

Ndipo tsopano pang'ono kuwerengetsera ongolankhula ndi pamwambapa ananena nkhani yolembedwa maphunziro.

chiphunzitso

Cacikulu chowaloleza lamulo la kusamala mphamvu ndi kovuta ndi wolemera. Pamafunikanso chilinganizo ndi tsankho masiyanidwe maikwezhoni ofanana nawo. Choncho, ife asagwiritse tokha kwa makamaka nkhani ya lamulo la kusamala mphamvu.

Mu zimango chakale ndi lamulo lachiwiri chomveka Newton, limene limanena kuti chotsatira cha mphamvu zonse ntchito kwa thupi, wofanana ndi mankhwala a misa ndi mathamangitsidwe.

Mu yopezeka m'zinthu zachilengedwe, lamulo limeneli yatchulidwa chiyambi choyamba. Lembali limati motere: kusintha mu mphamvu mkati mwa dongosolo ndi Uwerenge mphamvu ntchito pa kusintha, ndi kutentha yotengedwa mu ndondomeko imeneyi.

Kuwonjezera amalanga awiri awa, zina zapadera lamulo la kusamala mphamvu akuwonetseredwa mu zimango kwadzidzidzi, ndipo hydrodynamics ndi Optics. Iwo sali choncho zovuta kumvetsa, koma zonse zidzafika ku chinthu chimodzi: onse mphamvu n'kukhala mawonekedwe wina ndipo sangathe kuchita kulengedwa kuchokera kanthu.

Ndi nthawi yopita ku mutu waukulu wa nkhaniyi - ndiko kuti, kodi ziro mfundo mphamvu.

Chiphunzitso cha mfundo ziro

Palibe chinthu chotero monga ziro mfundo mphamvu, kuyambira kalekale anthu akhala ntchito pofotokoza yopeka kuyenda luso pa nthawi. Ndipo mpaka posachedwapa, ichi sichinasinthidwe anagwirizana ndi zotsatira zenizeni. Ndipotu ziro mfundo ndi mphamvu zake osati ankaona yeniyeni. anthu ambiri kumvetsa izi ngati wopandamalire mphamvu okhudza malo, zomwe mwina kumasulira mu malingaliro yabwino ndi ife ntchito. Ndipotu si.

Zero mfundo mphamvu, mphamvu ufulu wa yosesa - maina onse awa sizinathe anaphunzira mawonekedwe mphamvu, ndilo danga nthawi ndipo ali opanda malo pa mlingo wa nkhaniyi. Ndipotu, lero pa mlingo, ife timayang'ana kuti boma, kotero kutsimikizira chiphunzitso chimenechi sangathe.

Kugwiritsa amanena, scammers ambiri kusonkhanitsa chipangizo amati "deflate" mphamvu zingalowe ndi kusintha mu magetsi. Anthu sindikumvetsa izi, wofunitsitsa zimaphunzitsa kanema kuyenera ndi zoyenda osiyana lopitirira.

Ife kulankhula za izi ndipo tikapeze mtundu wa zidule lero ntchito otsiriza ano Kulibin.

mozungulira chinyengo

Free mphamvu kuthamangitsa mpaka ziro kukhala akuti adzadziwire mota wosatha. Ndipo ambiri a scammers kuyesera ndalama pa izi. Ambiri a iwo Suzie Kutulukira zawo, ndiyo nthawi yabwino, kuseka kwa asayansi. Koma asayansi - wina. Ndipo pagona - anthu ndiponso anthu wamba townsfolk. Fraudsters mochenjera akope anthu wamba ndi kumvetsa pang'ono za sayansi, powalonjeza "wopandamalire mphamvu", anachokera ku "efa".

Koma zonsezi ndi njira chabe ya ndalama. Bwino kwambiri con wojambula lero Dzhon Serl, jenereta omwe amati ali oposa 100% dzuwa. Monga ndi "ziphona", tsoka lake kovuta. Pamene anapezerapo jenereta, yosapitirira Patapita zaka zingapo, iye anali atamangidwa kuba magetsi. Patapita zaka zingapo udatuluka, ndipo tsopano ndi magulu atsopano kumenyera maganizo adzawasocheretsa wa anthu onse ndi malonda amene ndalama zamkhutu izi.

Koma tiyeni sanatsatire, ndipo mu gawo lotsatira Ifotokozanso mmene ntchito magudumu a potengera zochitika monga ziro mfundo mphamvu, odana yokoka ndi ufulu mphamvu.

Chiwembu fraudsters jenereta

jenereta Searle a ntchito ndi ntchito maginito okhazikika. Ndipo ichi si woyamba osati kapangidwe lotsiriza la zoyenda lopitirira zochokera mphamvu ya maginito. Koma, mosiyana yapita kulibinyh kusonkhanitsa injini popanda kulungamitsidwa, kodi mphamvu, Dzhon Serl amalimbikitsa chiphunzitso kuti ziro-mfundo munda mphamvu amayendetsa ndi maginito ndipo amapereka kasinthasintha.

Izi kwenikweni zimachitika yosavuta mphamvu ya maginito, wopita ku kasinthasintha wa maginito yaing'ono neodymium mozungulira limodzi lalikulu. Koma cholinga ndi yaitali kodi si atembenuza maginito awa, mphamvu za kasinthasintha awo ayenera mwanjira wachotsa, mwinamwake lidza- kanthu patsogolo. A mphamvu yopezera kutsogolera anaima wathunthu a khamulo. Chinthu chinanso, amene amasewera m'manja mwa makina lopitirira zoyenda, ndi imfa ya mphamvu mwa mikangano, ndi amatipeza zikuchitika kapangidwe iliyonse. Ndipo sikungakuthandizeni aliyense mphamvu ziro mfundo. Galimoto jenereta ziro, ngati inu kuyang'anitsitsa chidzakhala ndi yabodza, kumene m'malo magetsi mphamvu pagalimoto rotational mphamvu ndi khazikitsa, kupereka ntchito dongosolo lonse likuvutika chakudya kuchokera kunja.

Ndipo n'chifukwa, ndendende, mamangidwe alibe ufulu kukhala ndi moyo? The zithunzi jenereta Searle timaona zonenepa zambiri maginito anakonza moyang'anana a maginito (kapena, kani electromagnets pityuschihsya batire). Kutsutsa kuti pamene limazungulira zonenepa maginito kwa unsembe wozungulira adzakankha iwo mu njira za kayendedwe, potero kupereka kasinthasintha. Koma kasinthasintha zidzachitika pokhapokha ngati dongosolo sikuthetsa mphamvu rotational ntchito ndi manja a munthu kwa Kukwezeleza unsembe. Panthawi ina, aliyense yamphamvu umalowa mu maginito bwino - ndiko m'dera limene mphamvu yokoka kuchokera zina maginito ndi repulsion ndi kuchepetsedwa kuti ziro ndi yamphamvu akhoza kusuntha.

Ndipo, kwenikweni, chifukwa chimene izo zonse? Inde, koma zinthu ziwiri: choyesa amalonda kuti aganyali ndi kugogoda (ie, kuba ndalama, ndi kuwaponya mphepo), ndi kuti otchuka.

Iwo ankanena kuti kuwonjezera lopitirira magudumu zoyenda "Searl Mmene" (ndi scammer yekha dzina lake anayamba zochitika) ndi Ngokhoza kulenga minda odana yokoka, ndi buku mokwanira lalikulu unsembe, zikhoza fungatirani mita pamwamba pa nthaka. Zilibe anathandiza ndipo palibe kanema kutsimikizira.

charlatans nyanja

Koma Dzhon Serl sanali yekha. Mu Russia pali anthu amene amakhulupilira kuti kuli efa, ndipo anayambitsa zochitika monga ziro mfundo mphamvu - Tesla, amene mwamva sanapereke magetsi pa mtunda kwa zinthu zina, ndi adalisolola mwa efa ndi. Choyamba, chiphunzitso efa ndi chakale ndipo osavomerezeka ndi wasayansi aliyense otchuka. Chifukwa chiyani? Chifukwa salandira kuposa zaka zana, palibe umboni ndi dipo. More ofanana zenizeni chiphunzitso cha zingalowe kuwira komanso amakhalabe unproven. Inu mukuti kuti chiphunzitsochi sichinayambe anatsimikizira - kuti palibe chifukwa cha kulephera kwa jenereta, amene amagwiritsa malamulo ake, chifukwa n'zotheka chifukwa pamapeto chiphunzitso chimenechi adzakhala naye. Koma palibe. Mu sayansi, ndi maginito ndi kale anthu wabwino bwino, ndipo tikamanena kuti za m'munda wanu uliwonse mphamvu ziro mfundo sangatengedwe kukhala. Ndipo ngati chitukuko Zimenezi zikanachititsa kuti alipo, palibe wina akhoza kuzibisa izo kwa anthu.

Tidadzatulukira kuti ziro mfundo mphamvu, odana yokoka, ndi zina zotero - chiphunzitso cha charlatans. Ngati mukumva chinachake chonga izo - ngakhale wofufuza mafotokozedwe, monga kupita ndi kuphimba makutu awo. Musakhumudwe. Tsopano tiyeni tipende pang'ono malingaliro bwinobwino ndi ziphunzitso kuti ntchito pa mfundo yonena za "ziro mfundo", koma sanapereke mwayi kwa kuli zoyenda lopitirira.

chowonadi

Mu sayansi ziro-mphamvu kumvetsa osachepera mphamvu mlingo limene dongosolo thupi akhoza kukhalapo. Monga ulamuliro, ntchito ndi lingaliro ili mu zimango kwadzidzidzi pofotokoza mphamvu mukumveka zingalowe m'malo ndi danga nthawi. Izi ndi mphamvu zochepa kotheka kwa dera anatipatsa malo.

Izi ponyatiyane kodi azikondedwa ndi asayansi, koma m'gulu chiphunzitso kufotokoza zinthu zina, monga zonse Cosmological. Koma palibe amene koma anasonyeza Mabaibulo kapena malingaliro za mmene kusintha wofunika ziro mfundo mphamvu, m'njira yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe kukhudzana.

Pali otchedwa chiphunzitso cha otentha kuyamwa. Ndipo bwino anakhazikitsa ndipo ali wabwino maziko experimental. Chiphunzitsochi limachititsa kufotokoza Casimir tingati umene uli kukondana pakati matupi awiri uncharged mu zingalowe m'malo a. Zafotokozedwa chifukwa chakuti mafunde mu atomu zonse amaoneka ndi kutha danga kanthu, ndipo amatha ntchito pa zinthu. Mu mlengalenga pakati pa mbale awiri pang'ono mafunde odzipereka chifukwa kumveka. Choncho, kunja kwa mbale makina kuchuluka wamkulu wa yoweyula fluktutsatsy kuposa mkati, ndi mbale amakopeka.

Izi ndi chiphunzitso chidwi kwambiri, amene asayansi anazindikira kwambiri ndi kwenikweni kulonjezedwa kwa pofuna kuti fotokozani chododometsa thupi. Koma iwo onse kuti: ziro mfundo - osati limathetseratu vuto lina lililonse. Kuchotsa mphamvu yosesa, muyenera amawononga ndalama, mwinanso kuposa pamenepa, mphamvu zina. Zonsezi motere ku lamulo zosasintha za kusamala mphamvu, umene zikwi umboni anapeza kuti tsiku, koma palibe amene anaonapo choona.

Ngakhale kuti mfundo zonse ndi justifications, pali anthu amene akuti zosiyaniratu. Iwo ntchito pa kafukufuku fictitious ndi zatsopano ndi pafupifupi konse amapereka chiphunzitso maganizo, koma kusonyeza ankati akuthamanga unsembe, okhoza kudyetsa kanyumba Pamudzi. abodza awa onse ndi akuba. ни в чём не будем себе отказывать. Iwo amanena kuti ngati tonse ntchito luso mphamvu lanthano ziro mfundo, ndiye ife tikhoza kutsegula njira yoti latsopano ndi magwero wosatha mphamvu ndi mu chirichonse chimene ife sindikukana nokha. Koma sizili choncho duwa.

Tsopano tiyeni tikambirane njira kulimbana charlatans amenewa.

Chidziwitso - mphamvu

chifukwa chachikulu kuti anthu oterewa aliko ndipo amatha kutinyenga, - umbuli wa anthu ndi chikhulupiriro woyera kuli gwero wopandamalire ufulu mphamvu. Ndipotu, inu mukuona, aliyense akufuna kukhala m'nyumba yake ndi sizidzatha mphamvu kuti chizitipatsa iwo onse amene anasangalatsa, ndipo komabe kugulitsa chinachake kuti sakanatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Koma kalanga, mphamvu ufulu kulibe ndipo kulibe. Palibe izo osazindikira, ndi kutembenuka dzuwa la mawonekedwe ake wina ndi mzake si zoposa 100%. Ichi ndi lamulo kuti palibe munthu angathe kutsutsa.

Wina enaake amene akulonjeza kuphatikizapo jenereta Searle - antigravity. Zambiri za izi mu gawo la pafupi.

antigravity

magulu awiri kuchita mlandu mu maginito, kukopa ndi repulsion, komanso zimagwira ntchito kwa thupi uncharged mu Mphamvu munda priyatzheniya. Chikhalidwe yokoka akadali bwino bwino, ndi amaganiza kuli particles, chakudyacho - gravitons. Komanso chidwi ndi kuti malinga ndi chiphunzitso cha relativity, kapangidwe ka malo ndi nthawi ndiponso yokoka - kwambiri zogwirizana ndi maonekedwe a matupi m'malere. Ngakhale magulu awiriwa ogwirizana, kanthu amadziwika za wotsutsa-yokoka, ndiye m'malo mwake, si kukopa ndi repulsion matupi Chrixitu. N'zotheka kuti mu gawo antigravity wathu n'zosatheka chifukwa cha dongosolo zenizeni za nkhaniyi. Koma odana yokoka Mwina nkutheka mu mogwirizana kwa antimatter. Mulimonsemo, zinthuzo tikudziwa pang'ono.

Koma nzeru zathu ndi yaikulu kwambiri kunena motsimikiza kuti palibe zochitika maginito sangathe analenga, munda antigravity, kapena dzenje wakuda, kapena zamkutu zina. Izi wina kulakwitsa lopitirira zoyenda ndiAmene amene amanena kuti makina awo ali, mwa zina, ndi chuma cha odana yokoka.

Pomaliza

zambiri A zanenedwa za zoberana ndi anthu amene amakhulupirira mu wosalakwa. Zanenedwa ndi chifukwa zimachitika. Koma ambiri apeza m'zaka za m'ma 21, imene anthu ochepa ndi ochepa amakhulupirira nthano za mphamvu ziro-mfundo ndi zoyenda lopitirira. anthu ochepa tsopano tikugwira zopanda pakezo, koma pali mayunitsi amenewa, monga Dzhon Serl, amene zopekedwa kunyenga anthu kwa zaka zambiri.

Anthu akhoza kukhala wouma ndi kuyima payekha, koma sayansi ndi kulingalira kukhala pamwamba ndipo tisalole charlatans kunyenga nzika wamba.