Kodi mphamvu yokoka

Ngakhale Albert Einstein ananena kuti zonse - chozizwitsa chenicheni, ndipo iye anali kulondola. Ife tiri mu chizolowezi cha tsiku ndi tsiku zambiri Kusiya zindikirani zochitika zachilengedwe, kuwatengera mopepuka. A tsoka ofanana sakanatha kuthawa mphamvu yokoka. Oseketsa nkhani zokhudzana ndi kutsegula ake, aliyense amadziwa: chakwanira kukumbukira Newton ndi apulo umene unagwa pa mutu wa yasayansi.

Mfundo zimenezi yokoka, munthu amamulandira monga mwana. Choncho, horizontally anaponyedwa snowball pang'onopang'ono kusintha njira yodutsamo ake, atatsamira pansi ndi ikagwa. Chopunthira falitsani pansi pa phiri. mvula amakonda dziko, etc. Ndipo mikwingwirima anavulala pa ngozi -. kwambiri, "mlandu" mphamvu yokoka mu iwo.

Dziko lapansi, monga pulaneti ina iliyonse, amakopa thupi chuma, kukanirira mu zone yokoka. Monga mtunda kuchokera kukopa chinthu kukhudzana mwamphamvu amachepetsa. Popeza chipale umalakalaka dziko lapansi, osati dziko kwa yopingasa ukuuluka chisanu, zikhoza kapadera kuti mphamvu zimadalira thupi. Funso lina: chifukwa njira ya chisanu ndi limaoneka lokongola, ndipo pomwepo Atamutulutsira kugwa yomweyo sizikuchitika? Mwachionekere, yokoka ya amakhala ndi mwamphamvu, ali ndi phindu zina kuti angathe kuyeza, amene Newton.

Iye anadabwa chifukwa zinthu za thupi zosiyana zakugwa kutalika chomwecho, n'kufika pamwamba pa nthawi zosiyanasiyana. Kulongosolerana wasayansi anachita kuyesera losavuta: galasi chubu anaika zinthu zingapo misa osiyana Mwachitsanzo, otsogolera lightest kufwanyulira mpira. Chubu yokha analenga zingalowe ndipo chasanduka kudzera madigiri 180. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, zinthu zonse zimene zinali pansi, anapezeka pa pamwamba ndi pansi pa kukopa yokoka anathamangira pansi. Zochitika kugwa, Newton anapeza kuti anthu onse kukafika pansi pa nthawi yomweyo. Zimenezi zinathandiza kunena kuti mphamvu yokoka Njira yomweyo nkhani zonse, kaya thupi lawo.

Komabe, zochitika zikusonyeza mwinamwake: mthenga dontho kenako kutsogolera dziko. Ndipotu mosavuta, chifukwa chakuti kusiyana si thupi komanso pamaso pa mlengalenga, retarding kugwa. kukana Izi zimadalira osalimba a thupi, mawonekedwe ake ndi monga Motero, mkulu. Pansi makhalidwe abwino, pamene zone munda kafalitsidwe ndi mokwanira mkulu, mtunda kuchokera mtokoma wa kukopa chinthu (dziko) amamuchititsa osawerengeka, ndi pakati pa zinthu kugwa ndi pamwamba si zokhudza kayendedwe sing'anga dontho zidzachitikire ndi mathamangitsidwe chomwecho. Pa nthawi yomweyo, ngati ife kuganizira mfundo yakuti mphamvu yokoka - ndi mphamvu imene thupi vzaimoprityagivayutsya, ndiye mtunda wopanda malire (yabwino zinthu ongolankhula), dontho adzamva bwanji unyinji wa chinthu kugwa. Mu mawu ena, ngakhale dziko lili pa nthenga ndi mpira amadza F = mamita * G, iwonso, kukopa dziko. Koma misa sali ofanana, ndipo zimenezi "zina" mphamvu mawerengedwe akhoza kuwasamalira.

Zotsatira yokoka imatiuza nzika zonse mathamangitsidwe amodzi padziko Lapansi, ndi 9,81 m / s². Monga tanenera kale, ndi mtunda mphamvu imafoola, amene linatsimikizidwa ndi miyezo m'malire chapamwamba mlengalenga - pali mathamangitsidwe wa zosakwana 9 m / s². Mofulumira yokoka zimadalira chinthu chachikulu, motero Sun mtengo lino 273 m / s².

Nditakhala zatsopano wake, Newton anatsimikiza kuti yokoka ndi mankhwala a thupi misa ndi mathamangitsidwe, ndipo anakonza wotchuka chilinganizo F = mamita * ga wake.

Dziwani kuti, kuchokera pa chilinganizo izi, izo ziyenera kukhala: ga = F / m. Izi chipereka gawo kwa mathamangitsidwe yokoka - ". Newton / kilogalamu" loterolo mofanana ndi "m / s²."