Andrei Platonov: mndandanda wa ntchito

Mmodzi wa olemekezeka olemba Russian wa XX m'ma - Andrei Platonov. Mndandanda wa ntchito ndi wolemba Zimenezi zimathandiza ankatsatira tione mbiri ya dziko la zoyambirira za m'ma 20.

Andrei Platonov

Andrei Platonov, mndandanda wa ntchito zimene ndi zodziwika kwa aliyense sukulu, anatchuka kwambiri pambuyo kutulutsidwa kwa Kunena "dzenje" ndi "Chevengur". Koma popanda iwo, panali ntchito zambiri zikuluzikulu.

wolemba anabadwa mu Voronezh mu 1899. Iye anatumikira mu ogwira ntchito ndi Alimi 'Red Army mu Civil nkhondo nawo nkhondo mtolankhani. Iye anayamba kufalitsa ntchito zake mu 1919.

Mu 1921 anafalitsa buku lake loyamba, imene inkatchedwa "electrification". Komanso, pali ndakatulo yake mu zopereka. Ndipo mu 1922 mwana wake anabadwa ndi Plato anapita buku la ndakatulo - "Blue dongo".

Kuwonjezera kulemba ntchito nawo hydrology. Makamaka, kukulitsa ntchito zawo gidrofikatsii m'dera kuteteza munda ku chilala.

Cha m'ma 20s mu Tambov m'ndendemo ntchito za Plato. List of wolemba enaake ntchito monga "njira ethereal", "Grado", "Epifanskie zipata."

Kenako anthu ntchito zake zofunika kwambiri mabuku Russian - ndi "dzenje" ndi "Chevengur". Izi ndi ntchito lodabwitsa kwambiri ndi nzeru, zomwe zimaonetseratu chinenero chamakono. ntchito onse akhazikika mu mzimu wosangalatsa, amafotokoza yomanga zosatheka kwa latsopano chikominisi, mapangidwe a mbadwo watsopano wa anthu.

"Epifanskie zipata"

"Epifanskie zipata" - buku loyamba lofalitsidwa ndi wolemba. Ndi nazo ayenera kuyamba kuphunzira prose, ngati inu mukudabwa za mtundu wa ntchito zolembedwa ndi Plato. List yabwino wa iwo m'nkhani ino.

"Epifanskie zipata" inatuluka mu 1926. Ikani mu Petrine Russia. Pakati pa nkhani English injiniya Vilyam Perri, mbuye wa zipata nyumbayi. Iye akuitana mu Russia m'bale wake kumuthandiza kupanga latsopano kuti ikufuna. English n'kofunika kumanga chombo ngalande kuti kodi kugwirizana mtsinje Oka ndi Don.

Kodi abale kuchita dongosolo, izo zoyenera nkhani ya Platonov.

"Chevengur"

Mu 1929, Platonov analemba imodzi mwa ntchito wotchuka kwambiri - ndi umoyo-nthanthi buku "Chevengur".

Zochita za ntchito lakhazikitsidwa kale mu Russian wolemba ano. Kum'mwera, kutalika kwa nkhondo chikominisi ndi Policy Chatsopano Economic. The mbali yaikulu - bambo ake anamwalira Alexander Dvanov. Atate wa anamira yekha, kulota moyo wabwino, kotero Alexander anali kukhala ndi oterewa makolo. zochitika amenewa mu buku kukuchitika autobiographical, chimodzimodzi kusanduka tsoka la wolemba.

Dvanov anapita chikominisi wake. Pa njira wakumana anthu osiyanasiyana. mafotokozedwe awo zimakondwerera Platonov. Ntchito kuti mndandanda, wotchuka kwambiri a iwo m'nkhani ino, koma "Chevengur" chionekera ngakhale maziko awa.

Dvanova anapezeka akungoyendayenda Knight Kopenkin zisinthe, omwe akufanana ndi khalidwe akale Don Quixote. Zikuoneka ndi Dulcinea ake, choyenera Roza Lyuksemburg.

Kupeza choonadi ndi chilungamo m'dziko latsopano, ngakhale ndi Knight-ochimwawo, si kophweka.

"Dzenje"

Mu 1930, Platonov amalenga odana ndi zosatheka buku "dzenje". Pali kale ndi kumanga chikominisi m'lingaliro loona mawu. Kumathandiza Gulu amene akulangizidwa - kumanga nyumba ya proletarian ambiri, nyumba, amene ayenera kukhala maziko a mzinda n'komwe za tsogolo limene aliyense adzakhala wosangalala.

A nkhani ya ntchito yawo Andrei Platonov. Ntchito kutchulidwa nkhani imeneyi chofunika kuwerenga ngati mukufuna kuphunzira zambiri za wolemba izi choyambirira. Nkhani "Dzenje" mungatani thandizo lalikulu ili.

Yomanga ambiri proletarian kunyumba linasokonekera mwadzidzidzi, pa siteji ya yomanga. choncho simungathe kupeza mpira anagubuduza. Kumathandiza amazindikira kuti kulenga chinachake kuchokera wreckage zakale chilibe ntchito ndipo pachabe. Komanso, mapeto sikuti zifukwa njira.

Mu yomweyi, limafotokoza nkhani ya mtsikana Nastya, kukhala osowa pokhala. Iye - ndi chimake omveka a tsogolo moyo wa dziko, anthu anyantchoche amene tikukhala nyumba iyi, pamene anthu adzamangira. Pakali pano, iye amakhala pa Intaneti. Iye alibe ngakhale ndi bedi, kotero omanga kumupatsa mabokosi awiri kuti poyamba unachotsedwa Amaya. Mmodzi wa iwo ndi mphasa yake, ndipo chachiwiri - bokosi zidole. M'kupita Nastya kufa, osati kudikira yomanga nyumba zosatheka.

Mu nkhani imeneyi adafuna kuwonetsa nkhanza ndi zopusa kwa opondereza boma Andrei Platonov. Mndandanda wa ntchito ndi wolemba kawirikawiri amasonyeza mfundo mmodzi mwa view. Mu nkhani imeneyi, mbiri yonse ya Bolshevism pa collectivization, pamene anthu imayambira malonjezano chabe a m'tsogolo.

"Mtsinje Potudan"

Short ntchito Platonov, mndandanda kuti sapeza m'nkhani ino ndi chidwi kwambiri kwa owerenga. Zikuphatikizapo Choyamba nkhani "Mtsinje Potudan".

Limanena za Red Army Nikita Firsov amene amayenda kuchokera ku utumiki ku nyumba kwake. Kulikonse wakumana zizindikiro za njala ndi umphawi. Iye amapita kwa Potudan mtsinje, kutali zindikirani magetsi loyamba mumzinda wakwawo. Kunyumba iye anakumana ndi bambo wake, amene anayembekezera mwana wake kuchokera kutsogolo, zinthu zambiri anasintha maganizo pambuyo pa imfa ya mkazi wake.

Msonkhano wa bambo ndi mwana patapita nthawi yaitali akudutsa popanda maganizo zosafunika. Nikita posachedwa amaona kuti bambo wake nkhawa mavuto aakulu. Iye anali m'mphepete mwa umphawi. nyumba ndi pafupifupi mipando, ndipo ngakhale atate ntchito mu msonkhano ukalipentala.

M'mawa Nikita akukumana ubwana mnzake Chikondi. Iye - mwana wa aphunzitsi, nyumba zawo zinali zonse aukhondo, ankaoneka aluntha chachikulu. Pachifukwa ichi chokha, kalekalelo anapereka lingaliro kupempha kuti dzanja lake. Koma tsopano zonse zasintha. Umphawi ndi owonongedwa anabwera nyumba iyi. Chirichonse zasintha.

"Kubweranso"

Umodzi wa omalizira kwambiri ntchito Platonov - nkhani ya "Kubweranso". Panthawi imeneyi imafotokoza zochitika pakutha pa nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse.

Kuchokera kutsogolo kumbuyo Ivanov mkulu. Pamalopa wakumana ndi achinyamata Masha ndi akadzafika mu kwawo. Izi nthawi kwawo kuyembekezera mkazi wake ndi ana awiri, amene anaphwanya zaka 4. Pamene iye potsiriza afika ku nyumba kwake, iye anawapeza chithunzi zodabwitsa. Isanathe Petulo 12 wazaka, Ivanov sakhala omasuka, sakhoza kwathunthu kusangalala adzabwerenso.