Abraham Lincoln - pulezidenti wachisanu ndi chimodzi wa United States

Dongosolo lililonse la madola asanu likuyang'aniridwa ndi Abraham Lincoln - Purezidenti wa khumi ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi wa United States, yemwe adalamulira dziko kuyambira 1861 kufikira imfa yake mu 1865. Wophunzira aliyense wa ku America amadziwa mbiri ya Lincoln, ndipo mawu ake a Gettysburg amawerengedwa mosamalitsa ndipo amakhala ngati mutu wa kulemba.

Kodi Abraham Lincoln anali ndani? Mbiri yake ikuyamba mu 1809. Iye anabadwira m'nyumba yosauka yaulimi, yomwe tsopano ikutetezedwa ngati chuma chamdziko. Pakuti bambo wa mnyamatayo akuyesetsa kuti adzidziwe zinali zodabwitsa, koma Baibulo Lopatulika, zilembo za katekisimu ndi katekisimu zinali zochokera m'mabuku a m'banja. Abrahamu anakhala woyamba ku Lincolns yemwe anadziwa kalata. Koma bambo ake, omwe sankatha kuwerenga kapena kulemba, adatha kufotokozera mwanayo makhalidwe awiri ofunikira: anamuphunzitsa kulemekeza anthu komanso kukonda kugwira ntchito.

Kuti alandire sukulu Abrahamu Lincoln sakanakhoza, kulepheretsa chipsinjo chokwanira pazinthu zakuthupi ndi kuyenda kawirikawiri pofunafuna gawo labwino. Mu 1816, banja la pulezidenti wotsatira adachoka ku dziko la Kentucky ndipo anasamukira ku Indiana. Mayi anga anamwalira, bambo anga anakwatiranso.

Ku Indiana, Abraham Lincoln ankagwira ntchito ngati wokhomerera ndege, ankayenda $ 6 pamwezi anthu kudutsa Mtsinje wa Ohio. Kenaka kunali Illinois ndi ulendo kudutsa Mississippi, zomwe zinayambitsa chidani cha ukapolo.

Ntchito ya Lincoln yandale inayamba pamene iye anadzipereka kukhala wodzipereka ku nkhondo, kumenyana ndi Amwenye omwe amazunza okhala ku New Salem. Iye anasankhidwa ku bwalo lamilandu la boma. Kumeneko kunali zovuta, panali nkhondo. Apanso, atagawanitsa maphwando otsutsanawo, Abraham Lincoln analankhula, lingaliro lomwe linali kuyitanitsa chikhalidwe cha pulezidenti. Chilankhulocho chinali chopambana kwambiri, koma anathetsa ntchito yake pamsonkhano wotchukawu. Kusokoneza mwakachetechete ndi kubwereketsa ndalama, nthawi zonse ankabwezera ngongole zake, zomwe adatchulidwa kuti "woona Abe".

Mu 1835, adabweranso ku bungwe la malamulo la Illinois, adaphunzira kukhala loya ndipo adagonjetsa ulamuliro ndi luso lake. Poyankhula motsutsana ndi malonda a ukapolo ndi nkhondo ndi Mexico, Abraham Lincoln anapanga otsutsa ambiri a ndale.

1856 inali ya Lincoln chaka chosankhidwa kwa adindo oyang'anira a United States. Izo sizinapambane, koma kutchuka kwa ndale kunakula. Poyankhula mu Springfield kulankhula (1858), momwe mawu akuti "nyumba yogawanika mkati sichidzaima", iye analankhula motsutsana ndi kugawidwa kwa dzikoli ku South ndi akapolo ogwirira North. Mu 1860, Purezidenti watsopano wa ku America, Abraham Lincoln, anasankhidwa. Ufulu wake unadzutsa kutsutsana, koma ziyenera kudziwika kuti sanali Myuda, ngakhale dzina lake.

Mu March chaka chamawa, akuyankhula pafupi ndi nyumba ya Capitol yomwe idali yomalizira ku Washington, Lincoln, atasankha pulezidenti, adayitananso anthu akummwera kuti ayanjanitse, koma zolankhula zake, ngakhale zogometsa, sizinavomerezedwe. Pa April 12, Fort Sumter inaphedwa ndi zida zamoto, ndipo nkhondo yapachiweniweni inayamba - mkangano wamagazi kwambiri m'mbiri ya America. Zaka zinayi za nkhondo zinachititsa kuti gulu la Confederate ligonjetsedwe ndi kupambana kwa a kumpoto. Panthawi yonse ya nkhondo, Lincoln adatsogolera dzikoli, kusonyeza maluso osiyanasiyana komanso osiyana siyana. Mu 1864 anasankhidwa pulezidenti kachiwiri.

Anali masiku asanu okha kuchokera pamene chigonjetso chinalengezedwa mu nkhondo yapachiweniweni, ndipo Abraham Lincoln adawomberedwa ndi Bout, wothandizira wa Confederacy amene adafuula kuti adabwezera South. Posakhalitsa iye mwini anaphedwa ndi asilikali a alonda.

Abrahamu Lincoln anali wothandizira kulingana kwa anthu onse ndi munthu wamkulu waumunthu. Iye adakali lero wolemekezeka kwambiri mtsogoleri wa US.