Zizindikiro zoyenerera mu Russian

Zimalongosola zonse zimadziwika ndi zolemba zamagulu ndi zilembo. Pachifukwa ichi, iwo akhoza kugawa m'magulu awiri akuluakulu. Izi ndi ziganizo zapamwamba komanso zofanana. Mukhoza kuzisiyanitsa ndi magawo angapo: mwa mawonekedwe ndi mtengo, ndi mapangidwe a morpheme, ngati n'kotheka, kupanga mau atsopano, ndi njira yomwe amalumikizana ndi ena a chiganizo kapena mawu.

Zizindikiro zoyenerera zimatanthawuza mwachindunji katundu ndi zikhalidwe za phunzirolo, zomwe zimazindikiridwa ndi mphamvu zonse, ndi zomwe zimapereka zinthu zowunika, ziyenerera. Amalongosolanso momwe thupi limakhalira ndi anthu.

Zizindikiro zoyenerera sizinachokera komanso zimachokera. Pachiyambi choyamba, chizindikirocho chikufotokozedwa kale ndi semantics ya mizu yokha (zoipa, ogontha, zoyera, opusa, buluu). Mayina oyenerera a zilembo zamagetsi, zopangidwa mwa njira yokwanira, afotokoze katundu wa chinthucho ndi chithandizo cha morpheme iyi: kuyesa, kulankhula, misozi. Komanso, semantics ya suffix nthawizonse ali ndi khalidwe laumwini, chiyanjano chake ndi chiyambi chimasiyanitsidwa. Zizindikiro zoyenerera zingapangidwe powonjezera. Kenaka zimaphatikizapo maziko olimbikitsa: zankhondo zamtundu wautali.

Palinso njira yowonongeka, pamene mbali zina zakulankhulira zimapangidwa kuchokera ku ziganizo zapamwamba, mwachitsanzo, ziganizo zapamwamba ndi maina omwe akutchula chinthu chosadziwika ndi phindu la kuyesa chinachake: kukongola, ubwino, chifundo; Chabwino, mwamunthu, mopusa.

Mtanthauzidwe woterewu ukhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu mawonekedwe onse ndi amfupi, ali ndi madigiri angapo oyerekezera.

Zizindikiro zoyenerera zimatha kupanga mawu omwe amasonyeza kukula kwa chizindikiro: bata, mantha mwamdima, okoma mtima kwambiri.

Ndipo potsiriza: ziganizo izi ziri ndi tanthauzo losiyana, ndiko kuti, zotsutsana. Mwachitsanzo, woyera - wonyansa, wabwino - woipa, wodekha - wokweza.

Zizindikiro zonse zomwe tazilemba pamwambazi siziyenera kuonedwa ngati zenizeni, chifukwa n'zosatheka kuzinena kuti zimakhala zovuta ku chiganizo chilichonse chosiyana kuchokera ku gulu labwino. Koma akhoza kuthandizidwa ngati maziko kuti adziwe mtundu wa lexico-grammatical wa gawo lapadera la kulankhula. Ndipotu, zizindikirozi zimapezeka nthawi zonse mu ziganizo zapamwamba, pokhapokha m'magawo osiyanasiyana. Ngakhale ngati chimodzi cha zinthu zomwe tatchula pamwambapa chikugwiritsidwa ntchito, chidzathandizanso kudziwa chiwerengero cha chiganizocho. Mwachitsanzo, chiganizo chakuti "wokwatira" sichitha kugawidwa ngati chinthu chimodzi chokha - kupezeka kwa mawonekedwe aifupi.

Kuti tisiyanitse ziganizidwe izi zapamwamba zimapereka zizindikiro zonse. Choncho, ziganizo zapadera sizingathe kupanga mau atsopano okhudzana ndi mbali zina za kulankhula. Izi ndizotheka pokhapokha ngati atasintha kupita ku khalidwe labwino: kuphunzira pokhapokha - kuphunzira mopanda phindu.

Kuphatikiza pa mawonekedwe, iwo sanapangidwe kuchokera ku ziganizo zofanana ndi mlingo wa kuyerekezera.

Komanso, samapanga machitidwe ogwirizana akusonyeza kukula kwa chinthu.

Phindu la ziganizo zamaganizo ndizokhazikika. Mwachidule iwo amapeza kugwirizana pang'ono. Mwachitsanzo, mafakitale, kuwala kwachitsulo, kutchula consonant.

Ndipo ziganizo zowonjezera, mosiyana, zimangowonongeka mosavuta ndi kukhala ndi mithunzi yofunika kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, waya wamkuwa ndi mtundu wa mkuwa, ndolo za golidi ndi khalidwe lagolide.

Ndipo mwachidziwitso, chiganizochichi chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mmalo mwa chikhalidwe mobwerezabwereza kuti malowa angaganizidwe kukhala mwayi wawo.