Biosocial wokhalapo, chikhalidwe mlengi - ndani? N'chifukwa chiyani anthu - biosocial wokhalapo?

Munthu - ndi biosocial wokhalapo, mlengi wa chikhalidwe ndi chilengedwe chake. Koma mapangidwe Izi zikugwirizana umunthu, omwe munthu si pobadwa, koma kukhala chifukwa cha chitukuko. Komabe, biosocial wokhalapo, chikhalidwe mlengi - ndi ndani? Kodi mfundo ziwirizi?

Chilengedwe ndi chikhalidwe cha munthu

N'chifukwa chiyani anthu - biosocial wokhalapo? Mawu amenewa anachokera ku maphatikizidwe mfundo ziwiri: chilengedwe ndi chikhalidwe. The choyamba chimalongosola mwachindunji munthu, udatuluka mwa evolves chikhalidwe ndi alipo malinga ndi malamulo ake, wakhala ndi kukhala gawo la izo. Kugwira ntchito kwa thupi lofanana ndi ndondomeko ku zamoyo zina. Iye sangakane chikhalidwe: kuti apulumuke zimabweretsa osiyana, ayenera kudya ndi kupuma, koma kuti apulumuke monga mtundu - kubereka ndi kupatsira makhalidwe awo tinatengera. inawo amatsatila lamulo zofunika chibadwa, omwe amalamulira si anthu okha, komanso nyama zina zonse.

Tizilombo udindo chuma, kukula, koma wauzimu - m'dera la chiyambi chikhalidwe. Popanda anthu anthu saphunzira kulankhula, kufotokoza maganizo awo ndi kuganiza konse. Amadziwika kuti tsogolo chikhalidwe cha munthuyo wamkulu mmene udindo analeredwa kuposa majini, kusiya kukhala izo, nawonso, tifunika kuyesetsa. Ngakhale Kukwezeleza zakakhalidwe ndi chitukuko ndi zofunika kwambiri pa moyo wa inakhala apamwamba, kokha munthu mmodzi anapita kupyola malire a kusanduka zamoyo zimene zimathandiza kuti kukhala otchedwa Homo sapiens, kuti si chabe "munthu" ndi "munthu womvetsa."

antroposotsiogeneza vuto

Antroposotsiogenez amasanthula chiyambi ndi chitukuko cha munthu. Mu dera ake chikoka lilinso ndi dialectic cha masoka ndi chikhalidwe mu moyo wake. Ichi ndi chibadidwe mawu akuti "antroposotsiogenez". Iwo inali yakuti anthu - ndi onse nyama osati nyama. zoyenerera ake mwachindunji kwa chilengedwe ndi chikhalidwe wakhala zofunikila mu ndime m'mbuyomu.

Kuti vuto limeneli duality, muli njira ziwiri: zotengera malingaliridwe ndi cholinga. Mbali yoyamba, mwamuna kuperekedwa monga dziko mumtima mwake, lachiwiri - monga chotengera cha zinthu kunja kukhalako. Apanga njira yomweyo bwino yosayenera kwa mfundo ya dialectic wa, zomwe zikusonyeza kuti mbali zonse za chikhalidwe chomwecho sindingakhoze kupita yekha, koma plexus awo ndi chiyambi cha zinthu zatsopano ndi wosadziwika uja.

Kaphatikizidwe kwa liwulo zomwenso

Zakhala ankaona kuti munthu - ndi biosocial wokhalapo. Mlengi wa chikhalidwe - n'chimodzimodzi ndi amene anasonyeza umunthu wake, amene ali chimodzimodzi basi ndi zikugwirizana ndi mfundo ziwirizi. zodabwitsazi kumachitika mchikakamizo cha zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Pa nthawi yomweyo pali cholinga Kuganizira chofunikira kwambiri pa chiphunzitso cha. Kulibe Mulungu ndi njira achipembedzo ake kugwirizana motero ndi malingaliro ndi Mulungu.

Lingaliro la zilandiridwenso mu chikhalidwe

Kodi amatchedwa zilandiridwenso? Iyi ndiyo njira ya kupanga njira sanali muyezo. Zoyambira za zilandiridwenso ndi pa onse, monga zonse mu njira ina amatha kutulutsa mitundu yatsopano ya ntchito. Koma weniweni imatengedwa yokhayo yotsogolera ku chilengedwe cha watsopano osati kwa munthu amene anapanga komanso anthu onse. zilandiridwenso vuto chikhalidwe inali mfundo kuti zimachokera ku dziko mkati, mchikakamizo cha kunja, ndi kubwerera kwa iye chimodzimodzi, koma mu kuwala kosiyana. Ndipo mawonekedwe sankadziwika akhoza anatengedwa ndi ena, ngati likukwaniritsa aesthetics nzeru kapena ayi.

The dialectic wa zilandiridwenso

Ndipo zilandiridwenso ndi ziwiri. Izo si chilengedwe cha atsopano, komanso kufunitsitsa izo. zinthu kunja ndi mkati kulimbikitsa chikhalidwe ntchito. Pamafunika zofanana pakati pawo nyumba. Munthu - mlengi wa chikhalidwe kokha pamene maganizo ake mkati ndi mawu pamodzi ndi malo okwanira limene akukhala. Choncho, dialectic amakhala kugwirizana ndi ntchito zake. N'chifukwa chake funso "biosocial wokhalapo, mlengi wa chikhalidwe - amene" anapatsidwa yankho limodzi. Uyu ndi munthu.

Umunthu sali wobadwa, koma chimakhala

Munthu, paokha, umunthu - izi magawo osiyanasiyana kukula mwauzimu. Munthu - mlengi wa chikhalidwe kokha pamene iye ndi chikhalidwe kukhala angathe kulenga zinthu zatsopano ndi zothandiza anthu. Umunthu wonse ndi chitukuko zogwirizana, izo akuwonetseredwa mu zochita umene ali okonzeka kutenga udindo, ndi njira zimene ali okonzeka kutenga paokha. Mmodzi tingachidziwe - kuchita. Tikumbukenso kuti si chabe kuchita chirichonse, chifukwa cha ufulu wosankha.

ufulu wosankha

Akamanena za ufulu wosankha kwagona kuti maganizo mkati, zikhulupiriro ndi makhalidwe abwino a munthuyo kutsogolera zochita zake. Mfundo zimenezi amakhalanso ndi kulimbikira mfundo - akhalebe zikutsatiridwa mchikakamizo cha zinthu otsika kunama. Pa nthawi yomweyo, ife tikudziwa kuti mphamvu yosintha olakwika ake kale maganizo - katundu anzeru. Koma ichi ndi chifukwa ufulu wosankha, chifukwa muyenera kupanga mfundo lamanja la maganizo ndi kusiya zolakwika. Iwo amatha osati aliyense.

The chododometsa wa ufulu wakusankha ndi kuti imasonyeza kukhalako kwa superimposition ya malamulo mu mawonekedwe a maudindo ndi udindo. Ngakhale Nietzsche ananena kuti "wauzimu" amatanthauza munthu weniweni, "kupeza chisangalalo komwe ena kupeza kuonongeka kwawo," iwo - moyo wodzimana amene mukudziwa tanthauzo lenileni la kudziletsa choletsa. Potsilizira pake, chokhumba kuphunzira kokha mwa kumvetsa zofuna zawo.

Umunthu ndi chikhalidwe

Munthu - mlengi wa chikhalidwe ndi zina zake mphamvu galimoto ndi cholinga chachikulu cha pochimanga. Pa nthawi yomweyo, chifukwa cha kubereka chikhalidwe munthu akufotokozera ndi m'kati. Ndi wosatha ndi chodabwitsa ndondomeko: kuti kulenga, munthu ayenera mokwanira mwauzimu akupangidwa ndi mankhwala chololera kukhala kwambiri tima ndi bwino. Zofanana ndi zimene anaona tikaonetsetsa ubale pakati pa chikhalidwe ndi abwino, limodzi osati amalenga chachiwiri, komanso gawo la izo.

Culture sangakhale ngati chizindikiro - ndi osiyanasiyana analenga, ndipo kaya kulenga chinthu osiyana munthu kapena gulu, ndi - ndi nthawi mankhwala a anthu pamodzi. Ndipo ichi ndi mtengo wa biosocial: anthu, ndife Akristu ndi chikhalidwe - ndi mosalekeza cholukanalukana cogs a dongosolo limene Homo sapiens monga mitundu akalipo ndi kusintha mwauzimu.