Saprophytes - ndi ... Bowa saprophitic

Dziko wamoyo ali wolemera zosiyanasiyana. Monga tikudziwira, izo lagawidwa maufumu anayi: mabakiteriya, zomera, nyama ndi bowa. Pakati pa magulu awa phompho kwambiri. Koma pali pakati pa iwo ndi chinthu chimodzi Mwachitsanzo, pali saprophytes ndi majeremusi aliyense gawo. Tiyeni tione zonse izi mwatsatanetsatane.

Kulekana kwa zamoyo pa mtundu wa chakudya

Chamoyo chilichonse moyo kuonetsetsa linakhalapo Pamafunika kulowa kuchokera kunja zinthu zina kapena mphamvu. The ndondomeko ya kumwa pamanambala awa akutchedwa mphamvu.

Mwa njira kudyetsa zamoyo zonse anawagawa mitundu iwiri:

• autotrophs;
• heterotrophs.

Autotrophs - zamoyo amatha paokha popanga koyenera kuti iwo organic ku zochita kupanga. Izi zikuphatikizapo yambiri ya zomera kuti chakudya chawo kwa mpweya woipa komanso madzi pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya dzuwa.

Heterotrophic - kukhala akufunika okonzeka zopangidwa zinthu organic. Ichi ndi gulu lalikulu la zamoyo mkati zomwe classifications wina kulemera. Heterotrophs ogaŵikana Biotroph ndi saprotroph. The chakudya woyamba zamoyo: nyama kapena zomera. Iwo mulinso ndi majeremusi kuti ndinazolowera mtundu uwu wa moyo, pamene mbuye wawo ndi onse iwo ndi chakudya, ndi m'nyumba.

Saprotrophs chomwecho Tingafinye chakudya kwa zolengedwa akufa kapena secretions awo (kuphatikizapo ndowe). gulu Izi zikuphatikizapo mabakiteriya, zomera, bowa (saprophytes) ndipo ngakhale nyama (saprophagous). Nawonso, anawagawa m'magulu osiyana: detritus (detritus-kudya), necrophages (zimawononga nyama zakufa), coprophagous (kudya ndowe) ndi ena.

tanthauzo

mawu chabwerekedwa china, kapena kani, izo ophatikizana awiri Greek mawu: sapros - 'kuwola,' ndipo phyton - "mbewu". Mu zamoyo saprophytes - ndi bowa, zomera ndi mabakiteriya kuti ntchito monga zakudya ndi nyama necrotic minofu, komanso allocated m'kati muli. Iwo unafala m'dziko lonse malo - mu madzi, dziko lapansi, mpweya, ndi mitembo ya zamoyo.

Nthawi zambiri saprophytes - ndi anthu amene si zoipa kwa mbuye wake. munthu uja n'komwe zimene nambala yaikulu tizilombo osiyana zonse pa khungu lake ndi m'thupi, popanda kuchititsa matenda aliwonse. Komabe, mchikakamizo cha zinthu zoipa (yafupika chitetezo chokwanira, kuchuluka kwambiri chiwerengero cha majeremusi), zinthu zikhoza kusintha, ndipo saprophytes zingachititse matenda.

dziko Kukhala

Saprophytes zatenga malo zofunika mkombero wa nkhani mu chikhalidwe anadziphatika zovuta zipangizo organic mu losavuta, tidying dziko ku kuvunda mitembo nyama. Amene ali workaholic gulu? zachilendo mu dziko la saprophytes. Zitsanzo zake mungazipeze lililonse kumwamba. Iwo ali zosiyanasiyana amapezeka pakati mabakiteriya (zokhala ndi selo imodzi mogwirizana), kuphatikizapo bowa (cinoni kuti bowa ankadya ndi anthu chakudya), mwa zomera (algae kwa zomera maluwa monga maluwa).

Mwa nyama palinso saprophytes (zitsanzo za amene ifenso kuitana). Koma ndiye kuti yolondola kwambiri kuyitana saprotroph kapena saprophagous. Mu dziko nyama saprophytes ndi ena tizilombo (kafadala, ndowe kafadala, kozheedy, mphutsi za ntchentche ndi tizilombo tina),, nyongolotsi, nkhanu ambiri (nsomba zazinkhanira, amphipods pansi). Mwa oimira akuluakulu a zinyama ndi mbalame (akhwangwala, miimba, miimba), zina nsomba ndi nyama zosiyanasiyana (afisi, zimbalangondo, ndi onse omwe ali kudya zovunda).

Mabakiteriya-saprophytes

Mabakiteriya - ndi zamoyo ang'onoang'ono kwambiri motero kuti amawaona iwo okha microscopes amphamvu kwambiri, kuwonjezeka ndi maulendo ambirimbiri. Ndipo ngakhale moyo wamba munthu sitingawaone, kuthana ndi zotsatira za ntchito yawo ndi kuti tsiku ndi tsiku. Choncho, chifukwa iwo akhoza kukhalapo mkaka ndi vinyo. Ndipo pamene ena mabakiteriya chifukwa cha matenda opatsirana, ena a iwo kubweretsa phindu lalikulu kwa mwamuna.

Zikuphatikizapo Mwachitsanzo, ena mabakiteriya coliform ndi bifidobacteria kuti moyo mu kapepala m'mimba anthu. Iwo kuthandiza thupi kuyamwa zakudya ndi kumenyana zomera tizilombo.

zomera saprophitic

Ngakhale zomera ndi autotrophs (ndiko kuti, iwo kulenga okha mphamvu ndi thandizo kwa dzuwa), izi samaletsa ambiri a iwo kukhala nthawi yomweyo pamlingo winawake ndi saprophytes. Chapangitsa kuti iwo akusowa chiphaso cha nkhani zina organic nthaka.

Pakati pa zomera saprophytes - ndi chinanazi maluwa Begoniaceae ndi ena cacti, ndi ndere zambiri, Mumapezekanso ndi algae.

bowa saprophitic

Bowa - okhala amakezana a Dziko Lapansi, mbiri yawo amabwerera palibe asanakwanitse zaka biliyoni. Iwo ali zachilendo kuti kwa nthawi yaitali, akatswiri sanathe kusankha gulu lawo ndipo sankadziwa kumene ufumu atenga. Ndithudi, bowa ndi mbali khalidwe la nyama ndi zomera. Chifukwa, iwo akhala allocated mu ufumu osiyana.

Bowa - ndi wosakwatira kapena Mipikisano tating'ono moyo-heterotrophic zamoyo amene maselo ndi phata (eukaryotes). bowa onse kudyetsedwa kudzera suction anamaliza ku ozungulira zinthu zachilengedwe organic kale Kupeleka wapadera solubilizing michere, mwachitsanzo. E. LINGALIRO amapezeka kunja kwa thupi.

Mwa njira kudyetsa bowa ndi m'magulu atatu yotakata: majeremusi, symbionts ndi saprophytes. mugawo ili ndi chibadidwe mu malo ena. Majeremusi bwino moyo pa zinthu zina zamoyo (kapena ngakhale mkati), kwathunthu chifukwa kudya iwo. Pakati pa edible bowa tiziromboti amadziwika kuti tonsefe amanena za malo.

Bowa symbiotic ngakhale moyo likuvutika zamoyo zina, koma pa nthawi yomweyo nayodi, sankhani mchere koyenera ndi yobwezeretsanso zinyalala. Pakati pawo, woyera bowa, boletus, greasers, duwa, boletus, Mokhovikov ndi ena ambiri.

Bowa kuti kudyetsa pa nkhani organic zotsala ku zomera akufa ndi nyama kapena secretions awo amatchedwa saprophytes. Zitsanzo za bowa ngati kuti ndife bwino: morels, mizere, bowa, raincoats. Komanso mu gulu ili ndi chiwerengero chachikulu cha bowa, kuwononga katundu.

Kudzapeza kupereka okha ndi kudya mokwanira, bowa ndi yoyenera kapangidwe - yaitali ndi wamphamvu mycelium, kumizidwa kwathunthu mu gawo lapansi edible kwa iwo.

nkhupakupa saprophitic

Izi zamoyo kakang'ono - anzathu nthawi zonse kuti moyo mu nyumba fumbi. Lalikulu zedi, iwo ali kumanja kwa bedi - mu mapilo, mphasa ndi mabulangete. Paokha, sanatha kutivulaza, chifukwa iwo alibe kuluma anthu ndi Musatenge matenda aliwonse. Komabe, mankhwala awo kagayidwe kachakudya zingakhale zowopsa anthu ndi chifuwa.

Saprophytes ndi majeremusi amatha mu nthawi yochepa kuti abwezeretse kwathunthu anthu awo, kotero musati kuthamangitsa njira, kulonjezedwa kutaya zonse za iwo. Pa mwambo wa ukhondo zofunika (kutsuka zovala, panthawi yake m'malo a mphasa ndi mapilo, chonyowa kuyeretsa) akhoza kukhala kuchuluka kwa zoipa nthata saprophytes pa mlingo wosavuta thanzi.

Pomaliza

Monga taphunzira, saprophytes - ndi zamoyo amene amathandiza linakhalapo chifukwa kumwa zinthu akufa organic. Ambiri a iwo ali wowona, ambiri zothandiza ndi ochepa ali oopsa. Chirichonse chomwe icho chinali, moyo wawo mu chikhalidwe n'kofunika, iwo amapereka kupalasa njinga la zinthu ndiponso mphamvu, popanda zomwe moyo kusiyidwa.