Norway mchere. Nature, nyengo ndi makampani a dziko

Ndithudi mukudziwa kale chinachake chokhudza dziko monga Norway. Pa mapu dziko mungapeze ndi boma ili pa Scandinavia Peninsula kumpoto kwa Ulaya. Ife amati kudziwa awo ndi kuphunzira mchere, nyengo chikhalidwe ndi makampani a dziko.

Kuchokera kum'mwera ndi kum'mawa kukafika kumalire Norway ndi Finland (736 km), Sweden (1630 km) ndi Russia (196 km). Iye amatsuka kumpoto chakumadzulo Norway Nyanja, ndi Barents - kuchokera kumpoto, nyanja North - kumwera. 25 148 Km ali m'mphepete mwa nyanja.

Dera la State monga Bouvet Island ndi Jan Mayen ndi Svalbard zilumba - wapadera utsogoleri wagawo, kuphatikizapo Nyamuliranani Island. Norway pa mapu dziko limaoneka pansipa.

Monga mukuonera, gawo dziko kuyambira Mzere yopapatiza (osakwana 420 Km kuusandutsa gawo linafalitsidwa kwambiri) pamodzi Scandinavia Peninsula, pagombe la kumpoto chakumadzulo. Kumaphatikizaponso miyala onse, zilumba ndi tizilumba tina, ili mu madzi malo.

Malinga ndi deta ya 1984, anthu boma anali anthu 4.140.000. Capital - mzinda wa Oslo. Dziko Norway lagawidwa zigawo 18. Iwo amatchedwa fyulke. Norway - m'chinenero cha boma. Chinorowe krone - ndalama. dziko lino ndi kuyambira 1960 membala wa European Free Trade Association.

Mafuta ndi gasi nkhokwe

kupanga mafuta mu Norway - ndi gawo lofunika la chuma. nkhokwe yaikulu ya gasi, mafuta ndi anaikira mu Nyanja North, mu gawo ake Norway. Iwo akuti kiyubiki mamita biliyoni 765. mamita ndi matani 1.5 biliyoni, motero. Pali 3/4 minda wamba komanso zitsime zamafuta lonse Ulaya. Mu madzi kumpoto kwa Arctic Circle ngati nkhokwe mafuta lalikulu apezeka. Norway ndi chiwerengero chawo ali 11 TH m'dziko. Theka la mafuta onse kumadzulo kwa Ulaya ndi anaikira pano. Pankhaniyi iye anafika malo 10 mu dziko Norway. chuma mchere wa dziko ndi olemera ndi lonse. matani biliyoni 16.8 kufika mafuta oyembekezera ndi mpweya - 47,7 tcm. m. kupanga Mafuta mu Norway - ndi gawo limene nawo anthu oposa 17,000 mdziko lino.

Kuposa kotala la ndalama Norway ndi kumanga nsanja kuboola zomwe zili kumadzulo kwa Bergen, mu Nyanja North. Apa pali mmodzi wa minda yaikulu gasi. Yaikulu pobowola nsanja mu dziko inamangidwa ndendende Norwegians. kusamutsidwa ake ndi matani 1 miliyoni. Nsanja kutalika - mamita 465.

khala

Mmenemonso ndi madipoziti waukulu wa malasha mbali Arctic a ku Ulaya. Iwo zili pa zilumba za Svalbard (Norway). Malasha alipo ambiri. Monga cha 2002, zinthu khala m'dera akuti Akatswiriwa Norway pa nkhokwe matani biliyoni 10 Nkosatheka ndi kutsimikiziridwa amene kuchuluka kwa pafupifupi mamiliyoni 135 matani Zodalirika - .. matani 35 miliyoni a makamaka nkhokwe khala ndi minda Barentsburg, Phiri Piramidi. Longir (Paleocene), Grumant City. Khala malo chachikulu ndi mabomba 4 ili m'chigawo chapakati cha chilumba cha kum'mawa kwa Svalbard (Norway).

chuma mchere suthera pamwambapa. Ife kufotokoza ena.

zitsulo

Iron miyalayo - thandizo waukulu wa zitsulo, amene ali Norway. chuma mchere cha dzikoli ayesedwa mu 1999. Malinga ndi chaka chino, nkhokwe ya madipoziti miyala Norway amatenga 6-7 pakati pa mayiko ena onse a ku Ulaya. Mitundu itatu waukulu amaoneka mu Norway chitsulo miyala gawo. Iwo Precambrian ferruginous quartzites (Bornevatn ine pamene okwana nkhokwe matani biliyoni 1, kuphatikizapo tonnes 100 miliyoni - kwambiri), magnetite-hematite miyala Mathanthwe-Silurian zaka (kumunda za Dunderlanna, Ford Rana) ndi hematite-magnetite ores ilmenite, magnetite mapangidwe (Rodsann, Telnes, code, etc.).

vanadium

M'midzi ya vanadium chikuchitika 2 ku Ulaya (pambuyo Finland) Norway. Mchere, umene yotengedwa (kotero vanadium mu mawonekedwe woyera sapezeka authunthu), makamaka anaikira m'munda Rodsann. Kuchuluka kwa miyala Akuti matani pafupifupi mamiliyoni 12-15.

Titan

Norway nkhokwe ya mchere izi ali ndi udindo waukulu pakati m'mayiko ena ku Ulaya. Major mafakitale chidwi ndi chigawo anorthosite eigersund. Nawa Europe yaikulu miyala ya mtundu uwu. Telnes wanga, Europe ndi nkhokwe yaikulu ya ilmenite (onani chithunzi m'munsimu), kumathandizanso.

zamkuwa

Mkuwa makamaka opangidwa mu kumpoto kutali. Palinso minda ya pyrites ntchito makampani mankhwala kuti ayambe mankhwala a sulfa. Komanso, minda akupangidwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya miyala yomanga, kuphatikizapo nsangalabwi ndi lubwe.

M'midzi zamkuwa ores dziko mwa mayiko pamwamba khumi a ku Ulaya, malinga ndi 1999. Industrial phindu mu Norway ndi mkuwa malo miyala: Sulitelma (Sulihelma), Trondheim (Fosdalen, Tverfellet, Lokket neri Al.), Grong (Skuruvatn, YoMA).

mchere

Mu Norway, kuwonjezera mchere, pali siliva miyala. Mu Kongsberg kwenikweni ores siliva ndi Bleykvassli ndi Mufellete - madipoziti kutsogolera-nthaka, kumene zitsulo atachotsedwa. Komanso mu dziko lino lili ndi nkhokwe ya golide (galasi madipoziti), graphite, mankwala ores (gawo kachidindo) nepheline syenite (chilumba Sherno), feldspar (chigawo Glamslann), olivine mchenga (Aheym), talc (pafupifupi Senja Skalani.) (Gudbrandsdalen Valle, Filit Altenmarku), miyala (Dahlen, Slemmestad, Kirholt), nsangalabwi (Lyngstad), dolomite (Kragero m'dera).

makampani mu Norway

Panopa, mwa mawu a GDP Norway ali malo 26. mwa m'mayiko ena (monga la 2006). okhala moyo mwachuluka amadalira mafuta kuyenga ndi mafakitale mpweya.

Woyenda pang'onopang'ono kukhala makampani opanga m'dziko la chidwi. Ichi ndi chifukwa utuluke okha likulu, komanso yopapatiza msika zoweta. 26% ya linanena bungwe lalikulu ndi 17% ya ntchito ndi mu gawo mphamvu ya kumanga ndi kupanga mafakitale. Mphamvu-tima mafakitale yapangidwa zisakuyenda bwino. Makampani ku Norway zikuphatikizapo zotsatirazi siyana lalikulu electrochemical, ELECTROMETALLURGICAL, wailesi, zamkati ndi pepala, shipbuilding. Mlingo wokweretsa wa mafakitale m'dera pakukhala kwa Oslo Fjord. Apa ndi kuikapo maganizo pafupifupi theka la makampani onse mafakitale mu Norway.

Nthambi kutsogolera malonda m'dziko lino - electrometallurgy. Timalimbitsa pa ntchito kwambiri hydropower wotchipa. Zotayidwa pachimake mankhwala unapangidwa okusayidi zotayidwa, amene kunja.

makampani mankhwala

M'chigawo cha Telemark m'zaka za m'ma 20 iwo unalengedwa kupanga electrochemical. Mwa njira imeneyi chinali chiyambi cha makampani mankhwala dziko.

Norway lero zogulitsa kunja mabomba ntchito mafakitale, feteleza asafe, utoto, alginates. Iwo zotsimikizira kuti ali osati Europe, kutsogolera udindo, koma ngakhale mu dziko. Zachitika mofulumira zaposachedwapa, petrochemistry. Pa maziko ake panali yopanga mapulasitiki ndi zipangizo kupanga.

Asafe feteleza ndi imodzi mwa zinthu zazikulu zimene zimapangidwa ndi makampani electrochemical. Asafe ndi kofunika kuti, atamupopa ndi ntchito yambiri magetsi mpweya. Iwo zimagulitsidwa mbali yaikulu ya opangidwa feteleza asafe.

makampani matabwa

37% ya dziko aphimbidwa ndi nkhalango. Ambiri mu Norway nkhalango Mitengo ina - birch, Chi paini ndi spruce. Nkhuni katundu panopa m'dziko nthawi 2 kuposa zaka 100 zapitazo. Kwenikweni minda ndi banja pamene akutsogolera nkhalango ndi ulimi. Iwo mu dziko lino kwambiri. Mu Norway banja nkhalango osiyana zogwirizana ndi yaing'ono kukula ankalamulira. Izi amalenga zabwino asayambe mitundu ya dziko. An gawo zofunika malonda dziko ndi zamkati ndi pepala makampani.

zomangamanga

Pafupifupi 25% ya anthu onse ogwira ntchito mafakitale ntchito mu kupanga zida zoyendera ndi makina osiyanasiyana. The mbali zina zofunika kwambiri za ntchito - kukonza sitima ndi shipbuilding, kupanga zida za HIV ndi mphamvu yambiri. Mawotchi zomangamanga - aang'ono makampani m'dzikoli. Ndi nawo likulu zakunja zaka pambuyo nkhondo zinalengedwa sitima yaikulu ndi mafakitale, okhazikika kupanga turbines hayidiroliki, zikawonongeka nsanja mafuta kuboola ogula ndi zida mafakitale pakompyuta ndi magetsi.

Zovala, chakudya komanso mafakitale nsalu

Chakudya, zovala komanso mafakitale nsalu ndi zimagulitsidwa malonda ang'onoang'ono. Imandikhutiritsa zofunika boma lokha zovala ndi chakudya. About 20% ya anthu onse ogwira ntchito m'mafakitale Norway ntchito m'mafakitale izi.

nsomba makampani processing

ndikofunika kwa Norway pafupifupi komanso mafuta ndi gasi kupanga. Madera aakulu a processing nsomba - ndi Bergen, Stavanger, Trondheim, Alesund. A mbali yofunika kwambiri asodzi Russian wa nsomba zawo amapatsa Norway kwa processing. Russia - komanso ndi wina wa ogula waukulu wa mankhwala nsomba. Chinorowe aquaculture zaka makumi atatu zachitika mofulumira. zinachitikira wolemera wakhala kuthi kupanga zida zosiyanasiyana kulima nsomba, kuwunika, njira zamakono kupanga m'munda wa processing nsomba.

Mpumulo wa dziko

Mpumulo ndi zothandiza Norway chuma, ngati dziko lina lililonse, ndi zogwirizana. Zili ndi mpumulo kumadalira, kodi chuma ali ndi State. Norway - Dziko lomwe ali ndi lalikulu la m'mapiri. Scandinavia mapiri - ndi oposa 70% ya boma. Iwo kutambasula kuchokera kum'mwera kumadzulo kwa kumpoto kum'mawa kwa 1700 Km. Kutalika pafupifupi la mapiri ku Scandinavia wa 1600-1900 mamita (pazipita - mamita 2469, phiri galdhøpiggen). Mwanyanja yopapatiza gulu (otchedwa stranflat) zatenga m'zigwa. m'lifupi awo ndi 40-50 Km. Zimapezeka makamaka kum'mwera kwa dziko, mu chakudya chochepa, m'chigawo cha Oslo Ford. Pa Fjeld (Plateau-peneplains) kuligaŵa ndi fjords (zigwa) mwa phiri. North a dziko ndi otsika mapiri yachonde otchedwa Finnmarken. kutalika kwake ndi mamita 300-500. 1139 meters kufika nsonga zazitali kwambiri (a Chuokkarassa), m'nkhalango Titafika pamalo ndi mitunda gornotundrovymi. Ndi Fjeld Mosiyana ndi kwambiri kuligaŵa ndi kunkakhala la mapiri ku Scandinavia. Apa nkhalango makamaka nayonso. Monga mukuonera, chikhalidwe mu Norway ndi osiyanasiyana.

Mu dziko lino, zilumba zambiri (Sulfa, Magere, Senja, Vesterålen, Lofoten). Mitsinje yaikulu: Tsatani katundu wa Logen (Gudbrandsdalen), Glomma, Tsatani katundu wa Logen (Numedal). Nature Norway amadziwikanso yodziwika ndi pamaso pa nyanja. Iwo amakhala za 4% za gawolo. nyanja Awa makamaka ayezi. Lalikulu - Mjøsa. Pafupifupi 27% ya boma aphimbidwa ndi nkhalango. Archipelago Shpitsenbergen (Islands Spitsbergen, Kudera, Nordaustlandet, Nyamuliranani, Barents neri Al.) Yodziwika ndi alternating zitunda zathyathyathya, zitunda ndi zigwa lonse. Indented fiords gombe lake. Wamkulu chimake pano - Newton (okwera - 1712 m). Ice mapepala yokutidwa oposa theka la chilumbachi. Madzi oundana anayamba kulikonse.

nyengo

Ngakhale kuti, monga mayiko ena Masewerera a Nordic, Norway si wosiyana yotenthayi imakhala, ndi chibadidwe nyengo yabwino. ndemanga iyi ndi Gulf Stream. Nyengo m'dziko lino kotentha, subarctic - kumpoto, nyanja - m'madera a m'mphepete mwa nyanja. Dziko Norway amadziwikanso ndi khalidwe la chisanu ofatsa. Mu January, kutentha avareji kwa -12 ° C, kumpoto ndi kum'mwera - +2 ° C. Chilimwe ndi ozizira (+6 ... + 15 ° C), nthawi zambiri mphepo ndi mvula. Chamvula zimasiyanasiyana mamilimita 300 pa chaka (kum'mawa) kwa 3000 mm (makamaka otsetsereka kumadzulo). Pa malo otsetsereka a kum'mawa kwa mabeseni intermountain akuwonetseredwa chokhala ndi nyengo. Ice mapepala ambiri Fjeld. Malo okwana ayezi pafupifupi 5000 sq. Km. Indented fjords mwanyanja.

seismicity

Atamaliza kufotokoza Norway, kuwonjezera angapo mawu za seismicity lapansi. Dziko uli mkati woyendera nthambi, yodziwika ndi ntchito otsika zivomerezi. Kwenikweni, epicenters za kuchuluka kwa zivomezi zazing'ono m'mphepete mwa nyanja Atlantic.